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MS Crunch > Washington Study Guide > Flashcards

Washington Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

95% of Washington’s vineyards are located east of what mountain range? What does this mountain provide? What is necessary because of it?

A

Cascade Mountains

Provides a rain shadow effect

Irrigation

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2
Q

What is the climate of Eastern Washington classified as? What is the main vineyard concern here?

A

True continental with hot summers and cold winters

Frost is the main concern

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3
Q

What is the dominant soil type of Easter Washington? Where did this come from? On what soil type are a majority of the vineyards plated to?

A

Basalt overlaid by sediments deposited by the Missoula Floods

Majority of the vineyards are planted on silty loam soils derived from the flood-borne sediment

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4
Q

What is the largest AVA in the state of Washington? What % of Washington’s landmass does it cover?

A

Columbia Valley AVA

Covers 25% of Washington’s landmass

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5
Q

What is the name of the river basin that the Columbia Valley AVA follows?

A

The Columbia River Basin

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6
Q

What was Washington’s first approved AVA? When was this? What fraction of the state’s vineyards are located here?

A

Yakima Valley
1983

1/3 of the state’s vineyards are located here

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7
Q

What are the 5 nested AVAs of Yakima Valley AVA? Which is the youngest?

A

Snipes Mountain
Rattlesnake Hills
Red Mountain
Candy Mountain (2020)
Goose Gap (2021 is youngest)

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8
Q

What is the name of Washington’s smallest and most densely planted AVA? What is the star grape here?

A

Red Mountain

Cabernet Sauvginon

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9
Q

What AVA of Washington is shared with Oregon? What are the three most promising grapes here accounting for 80% of its current plantings?

A

Walla Walla Valley

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Syrah

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10
Q

What is the main soil type of Walla Walla Valley AVA?

A

Basalt bedrock with thin alluvial topsoils and loess

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11
Q

What is the sub AVA of Walla Walla Valley whose soil has drawn it comparisons to Châteauneuf-du-Pape? What is the soil type?

A

Rocks of Milton-Freewater

Cobblestones

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12
Q

What are the top two white grapes planted in Washington?

A

Riesling and Chardonnay

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13
Q

What are the three most planted grapes in Washington?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Riesling

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14
Q

The Willamette Valley is located between what two mountain ranges?

A

Coastal Range in the west

Cascade Mountains in the east

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15
Q

Who were the 4 pioneers of Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley? Who was the first?

A

David Lett (first)
Richard Coury
Dick Erath
Dick Ponzi

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16
Q

Which wine brought vindication to the pioneers of Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley?

A

1975 Eyrie Vineyards South Block Reserve

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17
Q

When did Joseph Drouin establish an estate in the Willamette Valley? What is it called? What sub AVA is it located within?

A

1987

Domaine Drouhin

Dundee Hills

18
Q

How does Pinot Noir from the Willamette Valley compare to Burgundy and California style?

A

Stepping stone between the two being lighter in style and earthier than California, but riper and more forward than Burgundy

19
Q

What are the 11 sub AVAs of the Willamette Valley?

A 
Dundee Hills
Eola-Amity Hills
Ribbon Ridge
McMinnville
Yamhill-Carlton District
Chehalem Mountains
Laurelwood District
Tualatin Hills
Lower Long Tom
Van Duzer Corridor
Mount Pisgah Polk County Oregon
20
Q

What is the dominant soil type of the Dundee Hills? Describe it

A

Jory, well-drained soil series of volcanic origin is common in the “red hills” of the Dundee Hills

21
Q

What is the dominant soil type of the Ribbon Ridge and other western AVAs within the Willamette Valley?

A

Willakenzie, sedimentary soils

22
Q

What are the two main soil types of the Willamette Valley?

A

Jory:
Clay soils
creates more elegant styles of Pinot Noir

Willakenzie:
sedimentary
creates denser wines with darker fruits

23
Q

What is the name of the gap in the Coastal Mountains that funnels cool air into the Willamette Valley?

Which sub AVAs receive the most influence from this?

What styles of Pinot Noir does this create?

A

Van Duzer Corridor

McMinnville, Van Duzer Corridor and Eola-Amity Hills

Creates more tannic styles

24
Q

Which AVA in Willamette Valley AVA is known for a high presence of north-facing sites and is considered among the coolest in the valley?

A

Chehalem Mountains

25
Q

What are the three top white grapes of the Willamette Valley?

A

Pinot Gris
Chardonnay
Riesling

26
Q

What town is the Southern Oregon AVA closest to?

A

Eugene

27
Q

What are the 5 AVAs within the Southern Oregon AVA? (URARE)

A 
Umpqua Valley 
Rogue Valley
Applegate Valley
Red Hills Douglas County
Elkton Oregon
28
Q

What is the name of the warmest and driest AVA in Oregon west of the Cascade Mountains?

A

Applegate Valley

29
Q

Which 4 AVAs are located along the Washington border in Oregon? Which is shared with Washington? Which is located within this AVA but entirely in Oregon?

A 
East of Portland
Columbia Gorge
Columbia Valley
Walla Walla Valley (shared)
Rocks of Milton-Freewater (in Walla Walla but in Oregon)
30
Q

Which AVA of Oregon is shared with Idaho, but has the only single vineyard planted on the Oregon side?

A

Snake River Valley AVA

31
Q

Varietal labeled wines in Oregon must have a minimum what % of the stated grape varietal? What are the exceptions that may have min 75%?

A

Min 90%

Red and white BDX varietals
major Rhône grapes
Zinfandel, Sangiovese, Tannat, and Tempranillo may be min 75%

32
Q

The federal law states that a min 85% of fruit used must come from stated AVA on label. What is the requirement in Oregon?

A

min 95%

33
Q

What is the 3rd largest wine producing state in the U.S.?

A

New York

34
Q

What are the top production white grapes (4) in New York?

A

Chardonnay, Riesling, Pinot Blanc, and Gewürztraminer

35
Q

Which part of New York do Alsatian varietals thrive in? Which part do Bordeaux varietals thrive in?

A

Alsatian in the Finger Lakes

BDX on Long Island

36
Q

What are the two sub AVAs of Long Island AVA?

A

North Fork of Long Island

The Hamptons, Long Island

37
Q

What is the climate of Long Island classified as? How much longer is the growing season here compared to the Finger Lakes?

A

Maritime

3 wees longer here than in Finger Lakes

38
Q

What AVA of New York is home to 90% of the state’s grape plantings?

A

Finger Lakes

39
Q

What are the AVAs of New York near the Great Lakes?

A

Niagara Escaprment

Lake Erie

40
Q

What is the name of the hybrid that still has significant plantings in the Finger Lakes? What is the crossing that produced it?

A

Niagara

Concord and Cassidy

41
Q

What is the largest AVA in Texas?

A

Texas Hill Country AVA

42
Q

What is the world’s largest demarcated appellation?

A

Upper Mississippi Valley AVA

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