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MS Crunch > Greece > Flashcards

Greece Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name for the Greek colony in modern day Marseilles that is said to be where French viticulture was born?

A

Massalia

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2
Q

What is Retsina traditionally flavored with?

A

Aleppo pine resin

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3
Q

What is the grape of Retsina? May it carry a vintage date?

A

Savaatiano

May not carry a vintage date

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4
Q

What type of appellation is Retsina protected under? What is this the EU equivalent to?

A

Traditional Appellation

IGP

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5
Q

What are two of the largest producers in Greece?

A

Boutari and Tsantali

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6
Q

When did Greece first implement wine laws and when were most of the country’s appellations established?

A

1969 and 1970 for establishment

Most were established in 1971

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7
Q

What organization oversees the protection and designation of wines in Greece?

A

Greek Wine Institute

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8
Q

What are the two levels of PDO in Greece? Which is reserved for traditional sweet wines?

A

Controlled Appellation of Origin (AOC/OPE)
Reserved for traditional sweet wines

Appellation of Superior Quality (AOSQ/OPAP)

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9
Q

What will be present on bottles of PDO wine?

A

“PDO Wines of Greece”

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10
Q

Which Greek wines may carry a vintage date?

A

Controlled Appellation of Origin (AOC/OPE)

Appellation of Superior Quality (AOSQ/OPAP)

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11
Q

What are the two designations for aging on Greek PDO wines? What are the requirements for red and white? What is the aging designation for PGI Greek wines? What are the requirements for white/rosé and red?

A

Reserve and Grand Reserve for PDO

white:
Reserve:
min 1 year aging with 6 months in barrel, 3 months in bottle
Grand Reserve:
min 2 years aging with 1 year in barrel, 6 months in bottle

Red:
Reserve:
min 2 years aging with 1 year in barrel, 6 months in bottle
Grand Reserve:
min 4 years aging with 18 months in barrel, 18 months in bottle

Cava for PGI
white/rosé:
min 1 year of aging with 6 months in oak

red:
min 3 years of aging with 1 year in oak

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12
Q

What are the two PGI designations of Greece? Which may carry vintage and varietal, which may not? What are the three area levels of Greek PGI wine?

A

Varietal and Table
Varietal may carry a vintage date and varietal
Table may not

Three levels:
Regional
District
Area

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13
Q

What are the two Traditional Appellation wines produced in Greece?

A

Retsina

Verdea

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14
Q

What is the name of the former vin de pays category that was integrated into the PGI scheme in Greece?

A

Topikos Inos

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15
Q

What are the three area levels of PGI designation in Greece?

A

Regional
District
Area

PGI Regions are the equivalent of major regions of Greece such as Peloponnese and Crete, whereas PGI areas are so small that sometimes they may only include a single estate. PGI districts correspond to the peripheral units of Greece, a form of political state that replaced political prefectures during administrative reform in 2010

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16
Q

Palaiomenos se vareli indicates what? What age designations does this apply to?

A

indicates oak aging beyond the required minimums

applies to Reserve and Grand Reserve wines for PDO
also applies to Cava wines for PGI

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17
Q

What is the term used for Greek PDO and PGI wines indicating oak aging beyond the required minimums?

A

Palaiomenos se vareli

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18
Q

What are the 6 PGI Regions of the mainland of Greece?

A 
Macedonia
Epirus
Peloponnese
Thessalia
Thrace
Central Greece (Sterea Ellada)
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19
Q

What are the 2 Greek Island PGI Regions?

A

Aegean Islands

Ionian Islands

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20
Q

What is Verdea? What is the main grape? What is the min %?

A

an oxidative white wine produced on the island of Zakynthos in the Ionian Sea

min 50% Skiadopoulo

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21
Q

Which PGI region of Greece is home to Greece’s best dry red wines? What are the PDOs of this region?

A

Macedonia

Naoussa
Amynteo
Goumenissa
Slopes of Meliton (Plaiges Melitona)

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22
Q

What is the main red grape of Naoussa and Amynteo?

A

Xinomavro

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23
Q

What does Xinomavro mean?

A

acid black

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24
Q

What are the grape requirements for Goumenissa PDO?

A

Xinomavro with min 20% Negoska

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25
Q

May Goumenissa PDO reds be varietal?

A

Must be blends of Xinomavro with min 20% Negoska

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26
Q

Where is Boutari located?

A

Naoussa PDO

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27
Q

What is the coolest region in Greece? What styles are produced here?

A

Amynteo PDO

Dry red, rosé, and sparkling rosé (dry and semi-sweet)

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28
Q

What is the name of the PDO for Domaine Carras? What red grapes are the star of blends here? What are the star white grapes blended here?

A

Slopes of Meliton (Plaiges Melitona)

Red Blends:
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, and Limnio

White Blends:
Assyrtiko, Athiri, and Rhoditis

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29
Q

Slopes of Meliton is a PDO for which estate?

A

Domaine Carras

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30
Q

Who is responsible for reviving Malagousia from extinction and under what PGI is he making varietal wines from the grape? Who was his mentor?

A

Evangelos Gerovassiliou, winemaker that launched Domaine Carras.

Thessaloniki PGI in northern Macedonia

Emile Peynaud

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31
Q

What are the 3 PDOs of Thessalia?

A

Rapsani PDO
Anchialos PDO
Mesenikola PDO

32
Q

Rapsani PDO is composed of 4 villages on the lower slopes of what mountain?

A

Mt. Olympus

33
Q

What PDO is the southernmost outpost in Greece for Xinomavro? What grapes are blended mandatorily here?

A

Rapsani PDO

Krasato and Stavroto grapes must be in blend

34
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Mesenikola PDO? Anchialos PDO?

A 
Mesenikola PDO (red only)
Anchialos PDO (white only)
35
Q

What are the two star grapes in the white wine only PDO of Anchialos? Grape requirements?

A

Roditis (min 80%) and Savvatiano (max 20%)

36
Q

What is the sole PDO of Epirus? What styles are produced here from what grape?

A

Zitsa

dry, semisweet, and sparkling wines from Debina grape

37
Q

What PGI Region is considered the bastion of Retsina? What is the name of the district that is the epicenter of this? What are the two main grapes here?

A

Central Greece (Sterea Ellada)

Attiki is the district

Savvatiano and Rhoditis

38
Q

What is the major body of water near Peloponnese?

A

Isthmus of Corinth

39
Q

Where is Peloponnese geographically compared to Sterea Ellada (Central Greece)?

A

South

40
Q

What are the PDO zones of Peloponnese? Which is the only one for red wines?

A 
Nemea (only one for red wines)
Mantinia
Patras
Muscat of Patras
Muscat of Rio Patras
Monemvasia-Malvasia 
Mavrodaphne of Patras
41
Q

What is the star grape of Nemea? What styles is it produced in?

A

Agiorgitiko (St. George)

42
Q

What is the St. George grape known as in Greece?

A

Agiorgitiko

43
Q

“blood of Hercules” is sometimes attached to the wines of what PDO? What is the grape?

A

Nemea

Agiorgitiko

44
Q

What is the star grape of Mantinia PDO?

A

Moschofilero

45
Q

Koutsi is a sub zone of what PDO?

A

Nemea

46
Q

What are the grape requirements for Patras PDO?

A

100% Roditis

47
Q

What are the three dessert wine PDOs of Patras? Which is red?

A

Muscat of Patras
Muscat of Rio Patras
Mavrodaphne of Patras (red)

48
Q

What styles are produced in Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Rio Patras PDOs?

A

vin doux naturel or naturally sweet

49
Q

What is the grape of Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Rio Patras?

A

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

50
Q

What are the two grapes used for the production of Mavrodaphne of Patras? Which is used for enriching the sugar content of the wine? What style is it?

A

Mavrodaphne and Mavri Korinthiaki

Mavri Korinthiaki is used for enriching the sugar content

The style is sweet, fortified red

51
Q

What is the aging requirement for Mavrodaphne of Patras? Is this wine vintage or non-vintage?

A

Min 1 year in wood prior to release though it often remains in cask for up to a decade or more prior to bottling

Can be either vintage or non-vintage from solera

52
Q

Who is the star producer of Mavrodaphne of Patras?

A

Achaia-Clauss

53
Q

For what purposes is Mavrodaphne of Patras served?

A

Served as an aperitif to tempter the briny, salty character of Greek first courses

Also used for the communion sacrament in Greek Orthodox services

54
Q

Monemvassia-Malvasia was given PDO status in what year? What is the style? What are the aging requirements? Grape requirements?

A

2010

Aged in oxidative environment for at least two years

Min 51% Monemvassia plus Assyrtiko, Asproudes, and Kydonitsa

55
Q

What are the 4 wine-producing islands of the Ionian Islands? Which is the only PDO?

A

Cephalonia (PDO)
Kerkyra
Lefkada
Zakynthos

56
Q

What is the star grape of Cephalonia? What styles are made here?

A

Robola (not related to Ribolla/Rebula!!!)

Dry white from 100% Robola

57
Q

What are the 3 PDOs of Cephalonia?

A

Muscat of Cephalonia
Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia
Robola of Cephalonia

58
Q

What two wines has Verdea drawn comparisons to?

A

Sherry and Vin Jaune

59
Q

What is the name of the largest and southernmost Greek island? What % of the total annual production in Greece does it account for?

A

Crete

20%

60
Q

What are the 4 PDO zones of Crete? Which two are red wine only? Which two produce both red and white?

A

Archanes (red)
Dafnes (red)
Sitia (red and white)
Peza (red and white)

61
Q

What is Crete’s most cultivated white grape comprising a majority of Sita’s dry whites and the entirety of Peza whites? Which grape do most of the quality-minded producers choose to focus on instead? Why?

A

Vilana is the most planted

Vidiano is the grape of choice as it retains more acidity

62
Q

What is the dominant red grape found in Crete’s Sitia and Dafnes PDOs?

A

Liatiko

63
Q

What is the most common red grape throughout the Aegean Islands and what is its most common blending partner? Which two PDOs focus on it?

A

Mandilaria blended with Kotsifali

Archness and red Peza wines

64
Q

What international grape is commonly blended with Kotsifali making impressive blends more suitable to international tastes? Where is this common?

A

Syrah

Common in Crete

65
Q

What are the two Cyclades islands north of Crete?

A

Santorini and Paros

66
Q

What is the star white grape of Santorini? What other two white grapes are commonly blended with it?

A

Assyrtiko

blended with Athiri and Aidani

67
Q

What is the traditional vine training technique in Santorini? What purposes does it serve (2)

A

stefani

vines are trained close to the ground in the shape of baskets or wreaths, in order to protect them from the fierce Aegean winds and to collect the little moisture that becomes available as morning dew.

68
Q

Where does Paris Sigalas make wine? What styles from what grape?

A

Santorini

barrel-aged and fresh styles of Assyrtiko

69
Q

What is the name of the sweet dried grape wine produced on Santorini?

A

Vinsanto/Liastos from mostly Assyrtiko

70
Q

What is the only Greek PDO that mandates the blending of a white grape in red blends? What is the grape? What is the grape for white wines?

A

Paros PDO
Mandelaria in red blends
Monemvasia is the grape 100% for whites

71
Q

What is the famous PDO of the island of Samos? What is the grape? What is it called there?

A

Muscat of Samos

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains called Moscato Aspro

72
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Muscat of Samos PDO? Which one is called Samos Nectar?

A 
vin de liqueur
vin doux naturel
naturally sweet (Samos Nectar)
73
Q

What style of wine is Muscat of Samos most similar to in France? What are the aging requirements?

A

Vin de Paille

Produced form dried grapes and aged for a minimum 3 years prior to release

74
Q

What is the star grape of Lemnos? Styles?

A

Muscat produced dry or sweet

75
Q

What styles of wine are produced in the Rhodes PDO form what grapes?

A

Red, white, and rosé wines from Mandilaria and Athiri

76
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Muscat of Rhodes PDO?

A

VDN, VDL, naturally sweet

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