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MS Crunch > Provence and Languedoc Roussillon > Flashcards

Provence and Languedoc Roussillon Flashcards

1
Q

Which AOP in Provence is responsible for over 75% of Provence’s total annual output?

A

Côtes de Provence AOP

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2
Q

What style is Côtes de Provence dedicated to? What other styles are made here?

A

Rosé

But Rouge and Blanc are made here too

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3
Q

What are the grape requirements for Côtes de Provence?

A

Min 2 varieties must be present and no 1 can account for more than 90% of the blend.

Min 70% combined of the following must be present: Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, and Tibouren

Other varieties that can be added are Ugni Blanc, Vermentino, and Semillon plus Cabernet Sauvignon and Carignan

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4
Q

Through what fermentations are rosés produced for Côtes de Provence AOP? What is forbidden?

A

Saignée or almost immediate pressing is permitted

Blending of red and white wine is not permitted

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5
Q

What is the traditional bottle for Côte de Provence rosé?

A

The hourglass shaped bottled called a “skittle”

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6
Q

What are the five subzones of Côtes de Provence? Which is the youngest? Which permits the production of white wine?

A

La Londe (produces white)
Pierrefeu
Sainte-Victoire
Fréjus
Note Dame des Anges (youngest)

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7
Q

What styles of wine are made in Bandol AOP? Grapes?

A

Whites based on Clairette

Red and rosé based on Mourvèdre

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8
Q

What is the only appellation that focuses on the Mourvèdre grape? What is the min % that must be present in the rouge wines of this appellation?

A

Bandol AOP

min 50%

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9
Q

For Bandol rouge what is the min% of Mourvèdre required? Max%? What other grapes are blended in with Mourvèdre?

A

Min 50% Mourvèdre. Max 95%

plus Grenach, Cinsault and to a lesser extent Syrah and Carignan

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10
Q

What are the aging requirements and release date for Bandol rouge?

A

Min 18 months in wood and may not be released until May 1 of the second year following harvest.

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11
Q

What are 5 quality producers of Bandol rouge?

A 
Domaine Tempier
Château Pibarnon
Château Pradeaux
Domaine de Terrebrune
Domaine du Gros' Noré
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12
Q

Is fungal disease and rot a serious threat in Provence?

A

No. The dry, warm Mediterranean climate mitigates the threat of these

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13
Q

Due to Provence’s Mediterranean climate what forms of viticulture are very common place here?

A

Organic farming

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14
Q

What styles of wine are produced under the Les Baux-de-Provence AOP? Grapes?

A

Red and rosé blends based on Grenache, Syrah, and Cinsault

White blends from Clairette, Grenache Blanc, Roussanne, and Vermentino has been permitted since 2011 vintage

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15
Q

Les Baux-de-Provence AOP used to be a subappellation of which larger AOP?

A

Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence AOP

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16
Q

What famous estate is located within Les Baux-de-Provence AOP but instead bottled as Vin de Pays as a result of the appellation shifting emphasis to Mediterranean varieties in 1995? What grapes do they use for their red wines?

A

Domaine de Trévallon

Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah are used.

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17
Q

Cassis AOP, Palette AOP, and Bellet AOP all offer the same three styles of wine. What are they?

A

Rouge, Blanc, and Rosé

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18
Q

What is the star estate of Palette AOP?

A

Château Simone

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19
Q

White wines from Cassis AOP are largely based on what two grapes?

A

Clairette and Marsanne

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20
Q

The white wines from Bellet AOP are based on what grape?

A

Rolle (Vermentino)

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21
Q

What is Vermentino called in Provence?

A

Rolle

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22
Q

What styles of wine are permitted under the Coteaux Varois en Provence AOP? What is the star producer located in this appellation that bottles under Vin de Pays like Domaine Trévallon?

A

red, white, and rosé

Domaine de Triennes

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23
Q

What is the only French appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a ranking of grand cru class estates? When was this? How many estates were classified?

A

Côtes de Provence

1955

23 estates

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24
Q

What are the three main indigenous grapes of Corsica that demonstrate the island’s close connection to Italy?

A

Nielluccio (variant of Sangiovese)
Sciacarello
Vermentino

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25
Q

What are the 4 AOPs of Corsica?

A

Vin de Corse AOP
Ajaccio AOP
Patrimonio AOP
Muscat du Cap Corse AOP

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26
Q

Vin de Corse AOP Blanc wines are blends based on what grapes? One grape is called Malvoisie de Corse. What is it synonymous with?

A

Vermentino called Malvoisie de Corse in Corsica

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27
Q

What grapes are the red and rosé wines of Vin de Corse AOP based on?

A

Blends of Nielluccio, Grenache, and Sciacarello

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28
Q

What grapes are the red and rosé wines of Ajaccio based on? White wines?

A

Red and rosé based on blends of Nielluccio, Sciacarello, Barbarossa, and Vermentino

White blends based on Vermentino and Ugni Blanc

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29
Q

What is Ugni Blanc called in Ajaccio?

A

Rossola

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30
Q

What style of wine is the appellation of Muscat du Cap Corse AOP known for? What grape?

A

Vin doux naturel from Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

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31
Q

Languedoc is bordered on the east and southwest by what major wine regions respectively?

A

Provence to the east and Roussillon to the southwest

32
Q

What is the bad rap concerning Languedoc?

A

It has traditionally been a major contributor to the low-end quality surplus of wine in France

33
Q

What are the two sectors of Fitou AOP?

A

Fitou Maritime

Fitou Montagneux

34
Q

What is the star red grape in Fitou AOP?

A

Carignan

35
Q

Fitou AOP is located within what larger AOP? What styles are produced there?

A

Corbières AOP

Red, white, and rosé wines are produced there.

36
Q

What sub zone of Corbières has achieved full appellation status for Carignan-based reds?

A

Corbières-Boutenac

37
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Minervois AOP?

A

red, white, and rosé

38
Q

What former sub zone of Minervois has received its own appellation? What styles of wine are produced there?

A

Minervois-La Linière

Red wines based on Syrah and Mourvèdre with Grenache and Lladoner Pelut blended in.

39
Q

Which three Languedoc appellations feature Bordeaux varietals?

A

Cabardès AOP
Malepère AOP
Limoux AOP

40
Q

What are the main grapes for red and rosé wines and their min % respectively for Malpère AOP?

A

Merlot for red (min 50%)

Cabernet Franc for rosé (min 50%)

41
Q

What are the two sub zones of Saint-Chinian? What style do they produce? Grapes?

A

Berlou and Roquebrun

Both produce red exclusively based on GSM blends

42
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Saint-Chinian AOP?

A

Blends for rouge, blanc, and rosé

43
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Faugères AOP?

A

rouge, blanc, and rosé

44
Q

What is the main grape of Limoux rouge? What is the min % that must be present?

A

Merlot (min 50%)

45
Q

Limoux whites are produced from which three grapes? What fermentation must be used?

A

Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, and Mauzac

46
Q

Blanquette de Limoux is a sparkling wine AOP produced in what manner? What is the main grape and what is the min % of it that must be present? What other grapes are blended in?

A

Traditional method

Mauzac (min 90%)
Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc make up a combined max 10%

47
Q

What is the method ancestrale wine of Limoux called? What is the grape requirement?

A

Limoux méthode ancestrale

100% Mauzac

48
Q

What are the two traditional method sparkling wines of Limoux AOP? What are the grape requirements for each?

A

Blanquette de Limoux AOP:
min 90% Mauzac with Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc

Crémant de Limoux AOP:
50-90% Chardonnay, 10-40% Chenin Blanc, plus max 20% Mauzac and Pinot Noir

49
Q

What is the large umbrella appellation in Languedoc that covers both Languedoc and Roussillon from the Spanish border to the city of Nîmes? What was this AOP called prior to 2009?

A

Languedoc AOP

Formerly Coteaux du Languedoc AOC

50
Q

What are the 11 geographic designations of Languedoc AOP?

A 
Cabrières
Grés de Montpellier
La Méjanelle
Montpeyroux
Pézenas
Quatourze
Saint-Christol
Saint-Drézéry
Saint-Georges-d'Orques
Saint-Saturnin
Sommières
51
Q

What two former Languedoc AOP geographic designations received AOP status in 2014 and 2015 respectively?

A 
Terrasses du Larzac (2014)
La Clape (2015)
52
Q

What are the four fortified wine appellations of the Languedoc? Which of these is an AOP for both vin doux naturel and vin de liqueur wines?

A

Muscat de Mireval AOP
Muscat de Lunel AOP
Muscat de Saint-Jean-de-Minervois AOP
Muscat de Frontignan AOP

Muscat de Frontignan is an AOP for both VDN and VDL

53
Q

What percent of France’s annual production of fortified wines is produced in Roussillon? What appellation produces a majority of this?

A

Over 90%

Rivesaltes produces a majority of this.

54
Q

What does Rivesaltes mean in Catalan?

A

“high rivers”

55
Q

Rivesaltes produces vin doux naturel wine in what four styles? Which two are aged oxidatively?

A

ambré (amber)
grenat (red)
tuilé (tawny)
rosé

ambré and tuilé are aged oxidatively

56
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rivesaltes ambré and tuilé?

A

Aged in oxidative environment until March 1 of third year following harvest.

57
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rivesaltes grenat?

A

3 months in bottle (reductive) and not released until May 1 of the year following harvest and bottled no later than June 30 of the second year following harvest

58
Q

For Rivesaltes aged oxidatively what are the two most common vessels used?

A

glass bonbonnes and solera

59
Q

What are the aging requirements for Rivesaltes hors d’age? What styles does this apply to?

A

Min 5 years of aging

Tuilé and Ambré only

60
Q

What are the grape requirements for Rivesaltes Grenat?

A

100% Grenache

61
Q

What are the principal grapes used for the production of Rivesaltes Tuilé, Ambré, and Rosé? Accessory varieties?

A

Grenache (Noir, Gris, and Blanc), Tourbat (Malvoisie de Roussillon) and Macabeu are the principal varietals.

Accessory Varieties are Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat of Alexandria

62
Q

If Rivesaltes is produced solely from the two Muscat varieties what AOP does it qualify for? What are the two Muscat varieties?

A

Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat of Alexandria

63
Q

Which appellation is considered the birthplace of vin doux naturel? Who pioneered mutage here? When?

A

Rivesaltes

Arnaud de Villeneuve pioneered mutage in the 13th century

64
Q

Other than RIvesaltes, what are the other two vin doux naturel AOPs of the Roussillon?

A

Maury AOP

Banyuls AOP

65
Q

What is the minimum % of Grenache required in Maury Grenat?

A

min 75%

66
Q

Which styles of Maury must be vintage dated? Which do not?

A

Blanc and Grenat must be vintage dated

Ambré and Tuilé do not need to be vintage dated as they may be subjected to aging in solera.

67
Q

What is the min% required for Banyuls AOP? Banyuls Gran Cru AOP?

A

min 50% for Banyuls AOP

min 75% for Banyuls Gran Cru AOP

68
Q

What are the aging requirements for Banyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A

minimum 30 months in

69
Q

What does “rimage” indicate on a bottle of Banyuls? When is the wine bottled?

A

Vintage-dated

Generally bottled within one year

70
Q

Which appellation produces France’s richest, most full-bodied, and most consistent quality vin doux naturel?

A

Banyuls

71
Q

Unfortified red, white, and rosé Banyuls is released under what AOP?

A

Collioure AOP

72
Q

What is peculiar regarding wine styles permitted in Maury AOP?

A

It allows for both fortified and unfortified wines.

73
Q

Other than Collioure AOP what is the other main dry wine region of Roussillon? What three styles are made there?

A

Côtes du Roussillon AOP

Red, white, and rosé

74
Q

What is the sub zone of Côtes du Roussillon? What style of wine is produced here?

A

Les Apres

Syrah and Mourvèdre-based red wines

75
Q

What 4 communes may add their names to the appellation Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOP?

A

Labour-De-France
Caramany
Lesquerde
Tautavel

76
Q

What is the overarching IGP classification for the entire Languedoc-Roussillon?

A

Vine de Pays d’Oc

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