Warm And Cold Based Glaciers

Question 1

What are cold based glaciers?

Answer 1

The glacier ice has become frozen to the bedrock

Question 2

How much to cold based glaciers move?

Answer 2

Very little

Question 3

What are warm based glaciers?

Answer 3

Warmer at the bottom so meltwater present at glacier base

Question 4

How much does a warm based glaciers move?

Answer 4

Due to the presence of meltwater, basal sliding occurs. Much more movement

Question 5

What is internal deformation?

Answer 5

Occurs when individual ice crystals move past each other. Gravity pulls crystals downhill, and they become deformed along parallel planes, orienting themselves in the direction of glacial movement.
This can lead to surface crevasse

Question 6

What is basal sliding?

Answer 6

Occurs only at warm based glaciers. When ice meets an obstacle, pressure rises - meets pressure melting point and melts enough to overtake obstacles. Water freezes again once pressure normalises

Question 7

What are the 5 things that influence glacial movement rates?

Answer 7

Gravity
Meltwater
Ice temperature
Ice mass
Bedrock nature (permeability)