W9L1 - AB6 Siblings + Peers Flashcards
Accounts for individual variability between sibling development
- ) Genetics
- ) Parents at different life stages during each child’s developmental milestones
- ) Individuals interpret & react to same experience differently
- ) Children create own different worlds
Account for individual variability in siblings #1: Genetics. Theme correlate and elaboration
Nature/Nurture
Siblings have 50% different genes. Genetic compositions influence a child’s: Predispositions, temperament, vulnerabilities, personality
Account for individual variability in siblings #2 Parents at different life stages during each child’s developmental milestones. Theme correlate and elaboration
Socio-cultural context Dynamic Families
Parents have different skills, perspectives, motivations, & parenting styles at different points in time (as each child reaches milestones)
Account for individual variability in siblings #3: Individuals interpret & react to same experience differently. Theme correlate and elaboration
Active Child
Each child interprets an event using their own worldviews and personal history. Those varied interpretations result in varied responses to the event.
Account for individual variability in siblings #4: Children create own different worlds. Theme correlate and elaboration
Active Child
Children shape their worlds to reflect their developing sense of self and identity (and to differentiate themselves from siblings)
What are some properties of friends
- Age-matched
- Close
- Non-familial
What are some properties of friendships
- Homophilic ( Shared interest)
- Reinforce tendencies
- Mutual + Reciprocal
Friends vs Siblings
Friends: Temporal vs Siblings: Permanent
Friends: Equal power vs Siblings: More equal than parent-child, less than friends
Friends + Siblings: Intimate
Friends + Siblings: Important for well-being
What are cliques
Friendship GROUPS children join voluntary
What are some cliques properties
- Sense of belonging
- Shared interest (either peer pressure/selection)
- Context for socialization (gossip/in-fighting)
- Unstable and Transient (Polygamous)
What are crowds
Groups of adolescents stereotyped similarly
What are some crowds properties
- Not voluntary
- Shapes identity development (other’s perception of crowds; affect opportunities)
At what )age do friends show most influence
Middle childhood - Young adulthood (5th grade > college
Study: Orphan group friends
Orphaned group showed: - Attachment - Protection - Reinforcement - Emotional Support (considering their circumstances, they only had each other)
How do friendships shape development
- ) Emotional support & validation
2) Cognitive Skills
3) Social Skills
Friendships and Development: Emotional support and validate
- Buffer unpleasant experience + offer stability in transition
- Validate each other’s worth and beliefs
Friendships and Development: Cognitive Skills
Offer & accept feedback due to equal power dynamics = Develop creativity and similar to social constructed learning
Friendship and Development: Social skills
Prosocial behaviour - Older children: Gossip and Argue; Younger children: Pretend play
Disadvantage of friendships
Instead of emotional validation: Aggression and Deviance
Instead of proper negotiation: Bullying
Instead of prosocial behaviour: Gang and Crimes
Connections vs Independence: How do family and friendships affect adolescence
Both influence. Use understanding of relationship in families, mentors to negotiate relationship with peers; Use understanding of peers to separate from family and develop themselves.
