W6L2 - AB1 Social & Emotional Development

Question 1

What is Self-concept

Answer 1

A conceptual system made up of one’s thoughts and attitudes about one’s self (physical being, social characteristics, internal characteristics.)

Question 2

Difference between “I’ and “Me”. What are some aspects of self

Answer 2

“I”: Self as knower, actor, inner life, not accessible to others

“Me”: Self as object of evaluation

Material (“Mine”); Social (“How others perceive”); Spiritual (“Values; Enduring Aspects”)

Question 3

What purpose does self-concept serve?

Answer 3

Essential for regulation of ALL behaviour

• Self-concept is a lens for interpreting all stimuli
• Self-expectations, goals, beliefs guide behaviour

Question 4

Does self-concept develop over time?

Answer 4

Self-concept develops over time:

Increasing complexities of the “material”, “social” and “spiritual” selves

Question 5

Self-Concept: Infancy (0-1 yo)

Answer 5

? Gaze?

Question 6

Self-Concept: Toddlerhood (1-2 yo)

Answer 6

Pronouns; Body control

Question 7

Self-Concept: Early ch. (3-5 yo)

Answer 7

Observable descriptions, unrealistic abilities

Question 8

Self-Concept: Mid. ch. (6-9 yo)

Answer 8

Realistic abilities; social comparisons

Question 9

Self-Concept: Late ch. (9-11 yo)

Answer 9

Others’ perceptions; some grouping of descriptors; values

Question 10

Self-Concept: Early adol. (12-14 yo)

Answer 10

Conflicting, abstract descriptors; egocentrism

Question 11

Self-Concept: Late adol. (15-18 yo)

Answer 11

Higher order, integrated abstract descriptors

Question 12

What is identity?

Answer 12

Description of self OFTEN externally imposed, such as through a membership or group.

A person’s sense of who they are, where and how they belong, what they value, and directions they choose to pursue in life.

Question 13

Exploring identity: No

Committing to identity: No

Answer 13

Identity Diffusion

Question 14

Exploring identity: No

Committing to identity: Yes

Answer 14

Foreclosure

Question 15

Exploring identity: Yes

Committing to identity: No

Answer 15

Moratorium

Question 16

Exploring identity: Yes

Committing to identity: Yes

Answer 16

Identity Achievement

Question 17

Outcomes of long-term Achievement & Moratorium

Answer 17

Positive self-esteem, critical thinking, advanced moral reasoning

Question 18

Outcomes of long-term Foreclosure

Answer 18

Intolerance, inflexibility, regard difference of opinion as threat

Question 19

Outcomes of long-term Diffusion

Answer 19

apathy, depression, going along w/ crowd, hopelessness, risky behaviour

Question 20

Is there a correct identity status?

Answer 20

No

Question 21

Details of Identity Diffusion

Answer 21

Not ideal for long term

Most early adolescence are in diffusion

Question 22

Details of Foreclosure

Answer 22

Most accepted experience in some cultures & some family circumstances

Question 23

Details of Moratorium

Answer 23

• Can be necessary for exploring alternatives
• Can be overwhelming
• Not always possible

Question 24

Details of Identity Achievement

Answer 24

• Autonomous, rewarding
• Difficult to achieve
• Not permanent

Question 25

What is Ethnic Identity

Answer 25

(1) A sense of belonging to an ethnic group (a group with shared cultural traditions); (2) The degree to which a person associates his/her thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behaviour with membership in that group.

Question 26

What are phases of ethnic identity

Answer 26

Diffusion; Moratorium; Foreclosure; Achivement

Question 27

E.I Diffusion

Answer 27

Have not explored their ethnic identity Not committed (some actively negative)

Question 28

E.I Moratorium

Answer 28

Exploration of ethnic group (or other ethnic groups) Not committed

Question 29

E. I Foreclosure

Answer 29

Have not explored their ethnic identity Strongly committed

Question 30

E. I Achievement

Answer 30

Exploration of ethnic group (or other ethnic groups) Conscious commitment

Question 31

In a study with 239 Bulgarian and Romany high school students (aged 17 and 18), .... ethnic identity

Answer 31

ethnic commitment was higher than ethnic exploration (not significant)

Question 32

Ethnic identity: Yes | National identity: Yes

Answer 32

Integration, achieved | High Psych, High Social

Question 33

Ethnic identity: No | National identity: Yes

Answer 33

Assimilation, national | Low Psych, Normal Social

Question 34

Ethnic identity: Yes | National identity: No

Answer 34

Separation, ethnic | High Psych, Low Social

Question 35

Ethnic identity: No | National identity: No

Answer 35

Marginalisation, diffuse | Low Psych, Low Social