W8 Substance Use Flashcards
What is a psychoactive substance?
Any chemical compound that passes through the blood-brain barrier and alters mood and/or behavior.
Define substance use.
The ingestion (inhalation/injection/transdermal) of a substance.
What is intoxication?
The physiological reaction to a substance.
What is tolerance?
The need for larger doses of a substance to achieve the same effect.
What is withdrawal?
A strong, negative physiological (and often psychological) reaction that occurs when a psychoactive substance is removed.
What characterizes substance use disorders?
A reversible substance-specific syndrome with clinically significant impairments to behavioral and/or psychological function.
What are substance-induced disorders?
Disorders resulting from substance use, such as intoxication, withdrawal, or substance-induced mental disorders.
What are the DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder?
A problematic pattern of use that impairs functioning, with two or more symptoms in 12 months, including impaired control, social impairment, and pharmacological criteria.
What is the severity classification for substance use disorder?
Mild: 2-3 symptoms; Moderate: 4-5 symptoms; Severe: 6+ symptoms.
What is Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder?
The re-experiencing of perceptual symptoms following the cessation of hallucinogen use.
What is the main psychoactive ingredient in cannabis?
THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol).
How can cannabis affect mental health?
It can increase the risk of psychosis in individuals with a genetic predisposition.
What are some psychological factors in the etiology of substance-related disorders?
Avoidance of bad feelings, incentive-sensitization theory, and expectancies about substance effects.
What are sociocultural factors that influence substance use?
Gender differences, minority stress theory, family dynamics, and social networks.
What biological factors contribute to substance use disorders?
Genetic predisposition and sensitivity, as well as the impact of other disorders.
