W4 Mood and Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
What are the two broad types of mood disorders according to DSM-5?
- Unipolar depressive disorders 2. Bipolar mood disorders
What are the typical mood deviations suggestive of a mood disorder?
Major depressive episode, mania, hypomanic episode
What are the main symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder?
Sad mood or loss of pleasure plus five of the following:
Sleeping too much or too little
Weight loss or change in appetite
Loss of energy
Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
Difficulty concentrating
Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
How long must symptoms be present to diagnose Major Depressive Disorder?
Nearly every day, most of the day, for at least two weeks.
What is Persistent Depressive Disorder?
Depressed mood for most of the day, more than half the time for two years (or one year for children/adolescents), with at least two other symptoms.
What is the new diagnosis added in DSM-5 related to mood disorders?
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
What distinguishes mania from hypomania?
Mania lasts one week and may require hospitalization or include psychosis, while hypomania lasts at least four days with observable changes but no significant impairment.
What are the two types of Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar I (at least one manic episode) and Bipolar II (at least one major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode).
What is the suicide rate in Australia?
12.6 per 100,000 people, with men being three times more likely to die by suicide than women.
What are key risk factors for suicide?
Specificity of plan, lethality of means, access to means, protective factors.
What are common psychological treatments for depression?
Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
What are the six fundamental processes altered in anxiety disorders?
- Increased attention to threats
- Impaired discrimination of threat from safety
- Increased avoidance
- Heightened reactivity to threat uncertainty
- Overvaluation of threat significance
- Maladaptive behavioral and cognitive control
What types of anxiety disorders are included in the DSM-5-TR?
Separation Anxiety Disorder, Specific Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and others.
What characterizes Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
Excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days than not for at least six months, difficulty controlling worry, and associated physical symptoms.
What are Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)?
Traumatic events occurring before the age of 18 that can have lasting effects on health and behavior.
