W8 Flashcards
What are the 2 categories under sources of oxidants?
Environmental exposures
Cellular processes
Functions of ROS (reactive O2 species) and RNS (reactive nitrogen species)
SR Ca2+ release
GLUT4 translocation
⬆️ protein synthesis
Metabolic regulation
Vasodilation
Immune function
By which cells is nitric oxide produced?
Endothelial cells
List the nutritional antioxidants
Vitamins C, E + Carotene
Minerals - Copper, zinc, manganese + selenium
Polyphenols - Phenolic acids, Stilbenes + flavonoids
Around what % of polyphenols that we consume actually make it into circulation?
~5-10%
What can polyphenols serve as which favourable effects the composition of the gut microbiome?
Can serve as prebiotics
What do pro oxidants / semiquinones and quinones do?
⬆️ synthesis of endogenous antioxidants
Inhibit ROS production
What is the enzymes NADPHoxidase responsible for?
Producing superoxide (1 of the oxygen radicals)
Name one of the direct oxidant scavengers
N-acetylcysteine
What is glutathiones role as an antioxidant
Detoxifies hydrogen peroxide
What does increased concentration of interleukin-6 indicate?
Inflammatory response
What is quercetin
A polyphenol that has a widespread presence in fruit + veg
What was found after a 7-day quercetin supplementation?
2.8% increase in endurance performance.
– In response to supplementing with 500 to 1000mg/day
What did taking Ecklonia Cava do to performance for recreational active men in regards to the incremental exercise test?
⬆️ VO2 max
What was the result after 7 days pre-loading with montmorency cherry concentrate
Enhanced functional recovery from intensive exercise
