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Russian Art and Architecture > W7RUSS > Flashcards

W7RUSS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the geography associated with St. Petersburg?

A

Lake Ladoga

Neva River

Gulf of Finland

Baltic Sea

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2
Q

Where is Peter Pauls Fortress?

A

on Hare’s Island - separate from everything else

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3
Q

When was the Seven years war?

A

1756 to 1763

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4
Q

What was the Seven Years War known as in the Western world?

What was the major repercussion of it?

A

French and Indian War

France lost it’s Canadian territories

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5
Q

When was the Great Northern War?

A

1701 - 1721

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6
Q

Who were the antagonists in the Great Northern War?

A

Sweden vs. Russia (Peter the Great), Saxony and Poland

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7
Q

What was Russia’s embarrassing defeat during the Great Northern War, when and by whom?

A

Battle at Narva

1701

Charles XII

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8
Q

What was the decisive battle of the Great Northern War?

When was it?

A

Battle of Poltava

1709

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9
Q

Where is Poltava?

A

Ukraine

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10
Q

When was Petersburg found?

When did it become capital?

A

1703

after Battle of Poltava; became capital 1711

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11
Q

Where did the Swedish get their Baltic turf?

A

During Times of Troubles

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12
Q

What was the result of the peace treaty of the Great Northern War?

A

Sweden lost its Baltic territory to Russia

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13
Q

What happened status wise to Russia after the Battle of Poltava?

A

Peter I became Peter the Great

Russia is now empire and ruler is emperor

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14
Q

Who was regent during minority of Peter the Great?

A

Sophia

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15
Q

When was Peter the Great born and died?

When was his reign?

A

born 1672

died 1725

1694 - 1725

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16
Q

When did Catherine I die?

A

ruled for 2 years then died on

1727

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17
Q

Who was Catherine the first?

What was she known as?

A

second wife of Peter the Great

first female ruler of Russia

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18
Q

Who was Peter II?

When did he die?

A

grandson of Peter the Great, son of Alexei (the son of Peter the Great that he tortured to death)

1730

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19
Q

What did Peter II threaten to do?

A

abandon Petersburg

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20
Q

When did Ann rule?

A

1730’s

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21
Q

What was Ann known for?

A

making Petersburg stick

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22
Q

What buildings were finished during Ann’s time?

A

Early Baroque Buildings

Peter Paul Cathedral

Building of the Twelve Colleges

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23
Q

What was the style of Peterl Paul Cathedral?

What was its function?

What unique architectural structure does it have?

Who built it?

A

Protestant style - Basilica

replaced Archangel Michael Cathedral as the royal church and burial sanctuary for rulers

tall spires

Domenico Trezzini

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24
Q

What function does the Building of the Twelve Colleges serves?

What does it mean by colleges?

What building does it contain?

Who was it built by?

What island is it on?

A

main administrative building of St. Petersburg State University

Ministries

Holy Synod

Trezzini

Vasilyevsky Island

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25
Q

How and when (reign) did Elizabeth come to power?

A

the Imperial Guards brings her

1740’s to 1761

26
Q

What was Elizabeth’s relation to previous rulers?

A

daughter of Peter the Great and Catherine I

27
Q

What buildings were finished during Elizabeth’s reign?

A

High Baroque

Peterhof

Catherine Palace at Tsarskoe Selo

Winter Palace on banks of the Neva River

Cathedral of the Resurrection at Smolny Convent

Cathedral of St. Nicholas

28
Q

Who was Peterhof built by?

What does the name mean?

A

Bartolomeo Rastrelli

Peter’s village

29
Q

Why was the Catherine Palace built?

Who built it?

A

Peter the Great’s give to his second wife Catherine I

Bartolomeo Rastrelli

30
Q

What does “Tsarskoe Selo” where Catherine Palace is located means?

A

Tsar’s village

31
Q

Who built the Winter Palace and where was it located?

A

Bartolomeo Rastrelli

on the banks of Neva River

32
Q

Where was the Cathedral of the Resurrection?

Who built it?

What was special about it?

A

Smolny Convent

Bartolomeo Rastrelli

return to the cross centered plan

33
Q

Who built the Cathedral of St. Nicholas?

What did he do that was special?

A

Savva Chevakinsky

he was merging baroque style with the return of the cross centered plan

34
Q

Who ruled after Elizabeth?

What happened to him?

A

Peter III

deposed in favor of Catherine the Great (II)

35
Q

When did Catherine the Great rule?

A

1762 - 1796

after her husband (Peter III) was strangeled

36
Q

What was Catherine the Great(II)’s original name?

A

Sophia

37
Q

What buildings were associated with Catherine the Great’s rule?

A

Neoclassical

Hermitage

Cameron’s Gallery

Pavlovsk Palace

38
Q

Why was it called the Hermitage?

A
  1. Catherine reject Baroque in favor of Neoclassicism
  2. She collected paintings of big name paints - she put the building next to her palace(Winter Palace) - where she could retreat to “hermitage”
39
Q

Where was the Hermitage?

A

next to the Winter Palace

40
Q

Who was the Cameron’s Gallery built by?

Where is it?

What was unique about it?

A

a Scott - Charles Cameron

attached to Catherine’s Palace at Tsarskoe Selo

has colonnade - row of columns - and peristyle - colonnade goes all around building

41
Q

Why was Pavlovsk Palace built?

What is it known for?

A

Catherine built for her son Paul

Palladian (Palladio) style - centered around a rotunda

42
Q

Who ruled after Catherine the Great?

When did he rule?

A

Paul

1796 - 1801 (suffocated by own palace guards)

43
Q

Who ruled after Paul?

What was his relation to previous rulers?

What was he known for?

A

Alexander I

Paul’s son, Catherine the Great’s grandson

defeating Napolean

44
Q

When did Alexander I reign?

A

1801 - 1825

45
Q

What buildings were built during Alexander I reign?

A

Late Neoclassical Period

Cathedral of Kazan Mother of God

The Stock Exchange

(winter palace some changes?)

46
Q

What is Cathedralof Kazan Mother of God known for?

What is it built as?

A

Field Marshall Kutuzov buried here

1813 - victory Memorial over Naopleon

47
Q

What type of columns did the Stock Exchange have?

What did the columns do?

A

not fluted = Tuscan Doric

peristyle

48
Q

Why were palaces built?

A

not capricious act of luxuries but “act of state”

to show the rest of the world that Russia could do it

49
Q

What was a pilaster?

A

flat vertical member on a facade

50
Q

What are the three orders?

A

doric

ionic

corinthian

51
Q

What was the horizontal member, where the column meets the roof?

A

capital

52
Q

What is the horizontal roof line?

A

entablature

53
Q

What is the triangular part that is above the horizonal entablature?

What did it contain in ancient Greece?

A

pediment

statues

54
Q

Describe doric.

What buildings was it used on?

A

capital unadorned

Greek doric = fluted

Tuscan (Roman) doric = round/smooth

utilitarian structures

55
Q

Describe ionic.

What type of buildings was it used on?

A

scrolls - volute

temple structures

56
Q

Describe corinthian.

What type of buildings was it used on?

A

leaf like patterns

great buildings of state (such as court buildings)

if have volute on top, then it’s a composite

57
Q

What is the buildingn with the tall spires in Peter Paul Fortress?

A

Peter Paul Cathedral

58
Q

Where is the Building of the Twelve Colleges?

A

Vasilyevsky Island

59
Q

What flanks the Stock Exchange?

A

rostral columns - victory monument; prows of enemies’ ships on columns

60
Q

Who was the ruler that wanted Russia to be a sea power?

A

Peter the Great

61
Q

Where are Alexander Nevsky’s bones?

Why?

A

in Petersburg taken from Vladimir

Peter the Great did it to tie his own legacy to Nevsky’s

inside the Alexander Nevsky Monastery

Russian Art and Architecture (13 decks)

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