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DOH100 Sem2 > W6 - mouthguard tx diagnosis > Flashcards

W6 - mouthguard tx diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

What are common injuries that can develop without a mouthguard?

A
  • Lacerations of gingiva, cheels, lips and tongue
  • Chipped/broken/fracture teeth
  • Jaw fractures
  • Avulsion
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2
Q

What are risk factors for dental trauma

A 
Class II division 1 malocclusion
- Overjet
3-6mm- 2x risk
>6mm - 3x risk
- Contact sports
- Not wearing mouthguard
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3
Q

What do mouth guards do?

A

They provide protection and can reduce the extent of injuries, absorbs and distributes forces.
Can reduce severity of TMJ injuries.

Protecting of hard tissues

  • Tooth of crown
  • Root fracture
  • Avulsion
  • Luxation
  • Jaw fracture.

Protection of soft tissues:

  • protects lips and intraoral tissues from bruising
  • lacerations.
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4
Q

What are the properties of an ideal mouthguard?

A 
High-power absorption
Comfortable
Retentive
Allows wearer to breath and speak easily
Durable
Odourless and tasteless
Cleansible
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5
Q

What are the types of mouthguards?

A

Stock
Boil and bite
Custom made

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6
Q

What are the advantages of stock mouth guards?

A

Cost

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7
Q

What are the disadvantages of stock mouth guards?

A 
Retention
Comfort
Difficulty breathing and speaking
Less protective
Limitied sizes, not recommended
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8
Q

What are the advantages of boil and bite mouthguards?

A

Cost effective?

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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of boil and bite mouthguards?

A 
Retention
Risk of thermal injury
Reduced cushioning effect in comparison to custom made
Technique sensitive
Reduces comfort
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10
Q

What is a custom- made mouthguard?

A

Fabricated on a model of the patients mouth and fitted by a dental professional. Importance should be reinforced to patients.

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11
Q

What are the advantages of custom made mouthguards?

A 
Improved retention
Improved fit
Improved comfort
Reduced difficulties in breathing and speaking
Slow deterioration
Greater protection
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12
Q

What are the disadvantages custom made mouthguards?

A

Cost

Time

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13
Q

What are custom made mouth guards fabricated from and how?

A

Sheet of material - EVA (ethyl-vinyl-acetate) commonly used.
Technique:
- Vaccum-forming
- Heat pressure lamination

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14
Q

What is a diagnosis?

A

Synthesis of all the information obtained from comprehensive examination, risk assessment. Identification of disease and determining nature of that disease.

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15
Q

What is a definitive diagnosis?

A

A final diagnosis that is made after receiving the outcomes of all tests and after evaluating the patients response to tx.

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16
Q

What is a provisional diagnosis?

A

The initial diagnosis we make after the comprehensive examination

17
Q

What is a presumptive diagnosis?

A

Limited information based on presumption that clinical finding would support it.

18
Q

What is differential diagnosis?

A

Disease present distinguishing between diseases

19
Q

What are diagnosis examples?

A

Dental caries: acute, chroninc, incipient, recurrent, root caries, arrested
Non-carious tooth loss:
Attrition, abrasion, abfraction, erosion
Pulp diagnosis
Reversible pulpitis, irreversible pulpitits, pulp necrosis
plaque induced gingivitis: with or without local contributing factor, modified by systemic disease
Non plaque induced gingivitis.
Chronic periodontitis: generalised, localised
Aggressive periodontitis

20
Q

What is a prognosis?

A

The prediction of the duration, course and termination of the disease and it’s response to treatment.
Questions to ask:
Should tx be undertaken?
Is treatment likely to succeed?

21
Q

What is the prognosis of an individual tooth/teeth?

A 
% of bone loss clinical attachment loss
Recession
Distribution of bone loss
Furcation
Mobility
Crown root ratio
Extent of crown break down
Pulpal involvement
Pathology
Tooth position and occusal relationship
Patients risk status
Parafunctional habits

Good, Fair, Poor, Questionable, Hopeless

22
Q

Define treatment planning?

A

To resolve a dental problem in our scope of practice.
Present future dental problems
Promote good oral health
Be suitable and acceptable to pt.
Be comprehensive, individualised and pt focused. Understand when to refer

23
Q

What are treatment plan objectives?

A

Review all of the likely risk/aetiological factors that you have discovered that are contributing to the diagnosis. State clearly how you plan to address them. Be specific so that any practitioner could follow this plan.

24
Q

What is the preliminary phase?

A

Treatment goals:
resolution of acute problems. Stabalisation of active disease.
Emergency care
Lab tests
Extraction/referral/ monitoring teeth with hopeless prognosis
Temporisation of large lesions
Plaque control
Initial periodontal therapy to aid in effective plaque control at home.

25
Q

What are the treatment goals in Phase 1?

A 
Maintain dental health
Regeneration of secondary dentine
Remineralisation of white spot lesion
Remove local contributing factors
Maintenance of gingival and perio health
Arrest/stabalize periodontal disease progression
Restoration of aesthetic function
26
Q

In phase 1 what are some restorative considerations?

A

Restorations for smaller carious lesions may be treatment planned first to prevent progression to larger lesion.
Fissure sealants/protection may proceed restorative therapy.

If patient has a large lesion that is close to progressing to pulp, these may be prioritized.

27
Q

In phase 1 what are the considerations for periodontal therapy?

A

During this phase the order of appointments are arranged/ sequenced to prevent futher destruction of the periodontium and to make facilitate plaque removal.
S/c and debridement tx to the most diseased area.

28
Q

What are things might be introduce in phase 1?

A

Preventative care/ OH, smoking cessation? dietary counselling.
Start small and build at each appointment.
Ask before educate/demonstrate “have you been shown how to floss before?

29
Q

Describe re-evaluation phase

A

Evaluation if treatment goals have been met.
Evaluation of active disease sites.
Caries risk status and re-evaluation of periodontal status and host response.
Plaque control and OH behaviours
Gingival contours/health.

30
Q

Describe Phase 2

A

Surgical phase: pt may or may not be referred.

31
Q

Describe Phase 3

A

Restorative phase:
Advanced restorative care/final management of dental caries
Aesthetic restorative considerations
Fixed/removable prosthetics

32
Q

Descirbe Phase 4

A

Managment goals: Disease free long term maintenance
Maintenance of gingival/perio health
Overall pt well-being
Short term: review and reassessment
Longer term: recall, reassessment and maintenance program

33
Q

What do you do during patient consultation?

A

Presentation and discussion of diagnosis and treatment plan with pt.
Clinician provides adequate info.
Practitioner may present a number of treatment options.
Do nothing is an option, discuss the pros and cons of each
Fees, quotes for tx options

34
Q

Describe informed consent?

A

The patients consent, the clinician must assist patients to make well-informed decisions about tx procedures.
For complex procedure, expressed consent, verbal or written is required. Risks and consequences must be provided. The patient must understand what they are consenting too and must be legally okay. Specific language, cultural and communication needs of patients

35
Q

Describe the informed consent process

A

Provide information in a format patients can understand.
All option provided to patients
Risks and benefits of all option discussed. Patient is provided the opportunity to ask the practitioner questions and have these answered.
Opportunity to discuss treatment externally.

36
Q

What are the consequences of not obtaining informed consent?

A

Cause of action against the dental practitioner in assault/battery
Negligence claim
Professional misconduct complaint

37
Q

How would be record informed consent?

A

Must be recorded in patient records + consent forms

DOH100 Sem2 (10 decks)

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