W5 Value change

Question 1

what are the two hypothesis by Inglehart (1970) regarding to the value change?

Answer 1

-scarcity hypothesis
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (1943), people can prioritise their self esteem and love only after they got enough physiological safety including food and living space
–> therefore, if individual was in the society where the amount of resource is in a threat, they tend to focus on economic security or physical safety

-socialization hypothesis
basic values are shaped by socialization in impressionable years and stay unchangeable
–> societal value change is happening through cohort replacement (slowly and gradually)

Question 2

what are the differences in value between pre-war cohort and post-war cohort?
according to inglehart ofc

Answer 2

pre: the great depression, material deprivation
- -> maintaining order in this nation, fighting rising prices

post: strong economy growth and stability. which also provides a strong safety net
- ->giving ppl the more say in important decisions, protecting freedom of speech

Question 3

what is the difference in left wing between materialism and post-materialism?

Answer 3

traditional left: string link with trade union, increasing wages, employment conditions

new left: with working class shrinking, attempting to represent environmental issues, fixing inequality…

Question 4

what is the difference political divides between materialism and post-materialism?

Answer 4

traditional left-right: taxation, public issues

libertarian-authoritarian: gay rights, gender equality, abortion, gun control…

Question 5

any limitation on the inglehart’s thesis about value change?

Answer 5

-isn’t it merely an educational influence?
more educated ppl tend to get more liberal views…

-are ppl rly either materialists or post-materialists? (isn’t there somewhere in the middle?)

-nationalists/authoritarian movement!!!!!
brexit, orban in Hungary, Trumppppp