W5 + 6 Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

what is Mendel’s first law

Answer 1

during gamete formation the 2 alleles segrate equally

Question 2

what was Mendel’s experiment

Answer 2

monohybrid pea plant

Question 3

what is an F1 generation

Answer 3

first offspring generation

Question 4

what is autosomal dominant/recessive

Answer 4

traits caused by a mutation on an autosome

Question 5

what is Mendel’s 2nd law

Answer 5

independent assortment = allele pairs segregate independently

Question 6

what enzyme controls wrinkled peas

Answer 6

Sbe1

Question 7

why do peas appear green

Answer 7

lack of Sgr enzyme to break down chlorophyll

Question 8

what type of 2 plants don’t follow Mendel’s first law

Answer 8

snapdragons + lentil

Question 9

what is incomplete dominance caused by

Answer 9

heterozygous alleles

Question 10

what is preformationism

Answer 10

one parent contributes to most of the features of offspring

Question 11

what is “homunculus”

Answer 11

the gamete that contributes more

Question 12

what is the F2 ratio of 2 genes with dominant and recessive allele

Answer 12

9:3:3:1

Question 13

when would you observe 9:7 F2 ratio

Answer 13

when the genes act in series

Question 14

what is epistasis

Answer 14

when 1 allele stops the effects the allele of another gene

Question 15

when species undergo dominant epistasis in series what is the ratio of F2

Answer 15

12:3:1

Question 16

what is gene redundancy

Answer 16

dominant allele of either 2 genes is enough to code for the phenotype

Question 17

what is polygenic inheritance

Answer 17

every gene makes a contribution to the phenotype

Question 18

what kind of distribution does polygenic inheritance make

Answer 18

normal distibution

Question 19

what is heritability

Answer 19

how much of a phenotype is due to genetics

Question 20

how does autosomal dominant effect copy of a gene

Answer 20

heterozygote with 1 changed copy of gene

Question 21

how does autosomal recessive effect copy of a gene

Answer 21

homozygote with 2 changed copies of gene

Question 22

what’s the issue with cystic fibrosis

Answer 22

affects proteins ability to transport chloride ions

Question 23

what is penetrance

Answer 23

proportion of individuals with allele who have a phenotype

Question 24

what is the ratio of recessive epitasis

Answer 24

9:4:3