W4-T2 Pyschological Approach 2: Beyond individual to couple, family and group Flashcards
explain history of systemic therapy
shifted from internal to external appraoch
what is systemic therapy argument
pathology and problems fundamentally interpersonal as opposed to invidual
the pioneer of systemic therapy
Palo Alto Mental Research Institute
(Batson, Jackson, Weakland, Haley)
what are the elements of systemic therapy
anthropological observation
social system theory
family of schizophrenia patients
name 3 arguments of communication presented by the palo alto group
all behaviour is communication
Communication at the content level (surface)
communication at intent level (meta-communication)
how symptoms of schizophrenia function according to the palo alto group
to maintain homeostatic balance in the family
explain the theory of double-bind communication
contradictory message in communication in the family – the patient feeling confused in effort of interpreting the message – become a symptom of schizophrenia
what Theodore Lidz study summarized
many schizo patients reported unhealthy relationships with family (especially their father)
led the focus to the role of family in the developmental and maintenance of psychological distress
name the main idea of the tenets of systemic therapy
human don’t exist in a vacuum, but in the relation with significant people in their lives
the goal of psychotherapy in the systemic therapy
not to cure, but to strengthen relationships, make disturbing symptoms less problematic
define cultural background to systemic therapy
reality is socially constructed by individuals
meaning of individual attachment to an object/concept are socially agreed convention
what is the argument of cultural background to systemic therapy
can you define normality?
how does subjectivity impact diagnosis
how all unit interconnected according to systemic therapist
in circle and not linear
why structural family therapy considered revolutionary
deviate from individual focus and intrapsychic model
what was the essence of the milan school
2nd order SFT
what Dallos and Draper proposed for the 4th order SFT
integration between intrapsychic and interpersonal
the main emphasis of the 3rd order SFT
role language in shaping meaning
elements of SFT
boundaries and structure
hierarchy structure
decision-making process
subsystem
transactional pattern
how boundary can impact family dynamic
too rigid, or too enmeshed,
lead to the system’s failure to realign, and power imbalances.
element of 1st order SFT (systemic family therapy) that differ from the main idea of SFT
interactional dynamic
power struggle
problem comes when family need to change and reorganise at key transitional stages
the core understanding of systemic family therapy approach
dysfunctional family needs symptomatic bahaviour (children, scapegoat) as a stabilizing device to remove stress
two examples of dysfunctional family according to systemic family therapy
conflict detouring - identified patient (scapegoat) needed for stability and for the family to avoid their own problem
incongruous hierarchy - identified patient uses the symptom to gain power and control
what is the 2nd order SFT (The Milan School) argues
family relationship defined through communication ( lack communication created prejudice)
value, background attitude and culture are essential element in making meaning
family is meaning maker
family tell stories that organize experience
why milan school theory rejected by second order cybernatics
function of system not discover, and only exist in the eye of observer
Milan school development
- sought to create new linguistic terms to open a new perspective and meaning, leading to new thought and behaviour
- argues that mental phenomena are the social issue and not individually rooted
- e.g. Checcin (94) : when a problem reframed in a positive and social light, able to see a problematic boy was actually holding on to the memories of his grandfather - remove guilt and blame from the boy’s bahaviour
what is the technique of the greek chorus
way mirror – offer input to support, confuse, challenge and confront family while remain at a distance
How SFT shifted to the 3rd phase
growing realisation that the development of problems is fundamentally shaped by culture and language,
which actually define power – move towards social constructionist theory
describe the argument in the 3rd phase by Anderson and Goolishian
problem is not within the family’s dynamics or structure, but rather in the way the discussion about these problems have become
saturated – goal is to enable families to construct alternative narratives
what are the influential approach from the 3rd phase
narrative theory – there is a dominant psychobiological paradigm that locates problems within individuals
feminist perspective
key technique in narrative theory
externalisation
define attachment narrative therapy
combine secure-insecure attachment style, dysfunctional family dynamic, boundaries and narrative theory
