W4-T1 Psychosocial Approaches to Care in the Community Flashcards
What is the behaviourists argument
psychology should be the science of behaviour, not mind
what is associated with behavioural model
source of behaviour is external
human learns through conditioning
abnormal behaviour develops from faulty learning – it can also be unlearned
what is the element of vicious cycle
emotion
physical sensation
behaviour
thought
why some think a behavioural model is a reductionist approach
theorists emphasised that behaviour plays a role, but what really matters is the way we interpret an event.
what is cognitive model /therapist
emphasise a process by which individuals engage in cognitive distortions, cognitive
biases, and they suggest that this is the cause of mental and psychological distress
what classic examples that CBT elicits
the connection of experience, thought, emotion and behaviour – bad thought/perception of an event resulted in negative emotion and behaviour
(what matter is not the event itself, but how our thought process evaluates the event)
common cognitive distortion
black and white – extreme thought
catastrophising – a person might actually infer a catastrophe from a mildly negative, or even from a fairly neutral initial situation (i.e panic attack)
mental filter – focus exclusively on negative aspect
mind reading –believe what others think usually about ourselves
how cognitive distortion becomes problematic
inflexible
default position
what CBT layer of cognition suggested about distortion
The deeper the level - the more we move from the negative
automatic thoughts to the intermediate belief, to the core belief - the more deeply rooted the
cognition and the more entrenched psychological distress.
name two elements of CBT wave 3
move away from content-oriented cognitive intervention
emphasize new for of behaviourism
example of CBT wave 3
acceptance and commitment treatment,
behavioural activation,
dialectical behavioural therapy,
mindfulness-based cognitive therapy,
schema therapy,
dialectical behavioural therapy
cognitive behavioural approach that actually emphasises the social aspects of treatment
dialetical behavioural therapy created by
Dr Marsha Linehan
why dialetical behavioral therapy created for
to understand pervasive and longstanding interpersonal difficulties comes with borderline personality disorder (bpd)
what dialetical means
synthesis, integrate with opposite
what is primary synthesis within dbt and example
acceptance and change:
accept clients as they are and acknowledge change is required
DBT approach to mental distress
a result of a disorder-specific tendency, which lies dormant until it gets activated by environmental stressors
what is emotional vulnerability according to marsha linehan
an individual whose the autonomic nervous system reacts severely, even in fairly low levels of stress, then take longer to recover once distress is removed
BPD perspective according to Linehan
emotionally vulnerable individual growing up in an invalidating environment, resulted in BPD patient
(unable to label the emotion, an extreme display of emotion, confusion internally/externally)
What Dr Jeffrey Young invented
scheme therapy
three therapy that are combined in scheme therapy
behavioural therapy
object related therapy
cognitive therapy
Gestalt therapy
what is core emotional needs according to scheme therapy
secure attachment
need for autonomy, competence and identity
free to express invalid needs and emotions
need for play and spontaneous
need for limit and self control
name example of maladaptive schemas (total 18, but not all covered in the lecture)
rejection/disconnection (neglectful environment)
impaired autonomy and performance
impaired limit (no discipline in early childhood)
other-directedness (conditional acceptance)
over vigilance/inhibition (over strict/rigid)
example how individual coping with their scheme
overcompensate the scheme
behave in opposite ways to their schemas
surrender to scheme
example three-way coping with abandonment scheme in relationship
overcompensate (cling to the relationship to the point of pushing the partner away
surrender (pick partner who wont commit)
define mode according to Young
a cluster of schemas that represents, moment to moment, the emotional and behavioural states of a person at any given time
What Hayes and Wilson (94) associated with
acceptance and commitment therapy
what is core concept of ACT therapy
psychological suffering caused by experiential avoidance, cognitive entanglement, and psychological rigidity
prevents us from taking behavioural steps in accord with core values.
rather than fight against that, human beings ought to accept and change
