W4 - Dimensions of personality

Question 1

What individual differences does personality refer to?

Answer 1

1. psychological in nature
2. fall outside of the intellectual domain
3. enduring dispositions
4. for relatively broad/generalised patterns
5. dynamics behind these characteristics

Question 2

Definitions of personality?

Answer 2

“an individual characteristic pattern of thought, emotion and behaviour, together with the psychological mechanisms, hidden or not, behind those patterns” - FUNDER 1997
APA 2019
- “ personality refers to individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking, feelings and behaving

Question 3

What is mean by temperament?

Answer 3

aspects of psychological individuality that are present as birth or in early development

Question 4

What is meant by character?

Answer 4

personal attributes that are relevant to moral conduct, self mastery, will power and integrity

Question 5

What is poor character linked to?

Answer 5

low cores on character dimensions can be linked to personality disorders - SVRAKIC et al 2002

Question 6

What are personality traits?

Answer 6

• primary unit of personality description
• characteristic from of thinking, behaviour or feeling
• enduring - disposition
  pattern of behaviour in which people vary
  hierarchy of traits

Question 7

what is an example of a hierarchy of traits?

Answer 7

Extraversion = high level trait
Sociability and sensation seeking = mid-level traits
thrill and adventure seeking + boredom susceptibility = low-level trait
parachutists jumping + avoidance of routine = illustrative behaviour

Question 8

How has factor analysis been used in personality traits?

Answer 8

• simplify universal trait

- is a nomothetic approach to personality identification the latent structure of personality

Question 9

What is the 16 personality factors?

Answer 9

RAYMOND CATTELL 1965

• characteristics that can be used to predict how people will behave in a given situation
• there are 16 different ones with descriptors

Question 10

What 5 factors have been derived from 16 PF?

Answer 10

1. extraversion
2. independence
3. tough-mindedness
4. self-control
5. anxiety

Question 11

Advantages of Cattells personality factor theory?

Answer 11

• developed an extensively used personality test
• had 185 multiple choice terms - used breath and depth
• can be used in an occupational domain

Question 12

Disadvantages of 16PF?

Answer 12

• extensive revisions
  utility of 16 PF I limited
  difficulty in replication the factors
  correlations between 16 factors suggest further underlying constructs

Question 13

What was Eyescks theory of personality?

Answer 13

• believed in bio deterrent to personality
• factor analytic approach
  hierarchal approach:
  1. super trait 2. habitual response 3. specific response - links back to underlying super trait

Question 14

What was Eyesncks original theory based on?

Answer 14

a scale between extraversion and introversion and neuroticism and being stable
- but later added the psychotics scale/trait