W2 Flashcards
What is standard error of the mean?
The standard error of the mean (SEM) is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean.
It provides an estimate of the variability in our estimate of the population mean based on a given sample.
Larger samples tend to result in a more reliable estimate of the population mean.
How to calculate SEM?
SEM is calculated by dividing the standard deviation by the square root of the number of samples in the dataset.
What is Confidence Intervals?
Confidence intervals (CI) provide a range of values within which the true population parameter is likely to lie.
A 95% confidence interval indicates that there is a 95% chance that the interval contains the population mean.
The width of the confidence interval is typically determined by multiplying the SEM by the appropriate critical value (e.g., 1.96 for a 95% CI).
What is the standard normal distribution?
The standard normal distribution is a special case of the normal distribution where the mean is 0 and the standard deviation is 1.
How do we test for normal distribution?
The Shapiro-Wilk test is a statistical test used to assess whether a dataset follows a normal distribution.
A Shapiro-Wilk test statistic closer to 1 indicates a distribution closer to normal.
What’s ecological validity?
Ecological validity refers to the extent to which the variables and conclusions of a study reflect the real-world context of its population.
What can we use histograms to represent?
Histograms are graphical representations of the distribution of data samples.
They are commonly used to approximate the population distribution based on the sample data.
How to calculate SD?
The standard deviation (SD) is calculated as the square root of the sum of the squared differences between each individual data point and the sample mean, divided by the total number of data points.
