W11 Urogenital System

Question 1

what is the urinary system made of

Answer 1

kidneys
ureters
bladder
urethra

Question 2

which 2 organs are retroperitoneal

Answer 2

kidneys
ureters

Question 3

which 2 organs are sub-peritoneal

Answer 3

bladder
urethra

Question 4

which organ of the urinary system is most distal

Answer 4

urethra

Question 5

what are the functions of the kidney

Answer 5

filter blood
maintain salt + H20 balance

Question 6

what is the function of the ureters

Answer 6

move urine to bladder

Question 7

what is the function of the bladder

Answer 7

stores urine

Question 8

what is the function of the urethra

Answer 8

move urine in bladder out

Question 9

how much cardiac output does the kidney receive

Answer 9

22%

Question 10

what is the renal sinus

Answer 10

space inside the kidney

Question 11

what is the renal hilum

Answer 11

opening into renal sinus

Question 12

what type of blood is in the renal artery

Answer 12

blood with waste

Question 13

what type of blood is in the renal vein

Answer 13

blood without waste

Question 14

what is the supero-inferior position of the right and left kidneys

Answer 14

right = T12-L4
left = T11- L3

Question 15

what are the kidneys deep to

Answer 15

11th and 12th ribs

Question 16

what are the 4 layers are kidneys covered by

Answer 16

renal capsule
perinephric fat
renal fascia
paranephric fat

Question 17

what are the arterial supply to kidneys

Answer 17

from renal arteries that branched from abdominal aorta

Question 18

how are the 2 sides of the kidneys drained

Answer 18

RS = out through renal veins into the IVC
LS = inferior phrenic vein + adrenal vein into renal vein

Question 19

where do kidney transplants get placed normally

Answer 19

iliac fossa

Question 20

where are the sympathetic nerves of the kidneys

Answer 20

T10-L1

Question 21

what controls the parasympathetic nerves of the kidneys

Answer 21

vagus nerve

Question 22

where are the ureters located

Answer 22

renal pelvis to bladder
on the psoas major muscle

Question 23

where to the ureters run on the pectoral girdle

Answer 23

lateral wings of the sacrum

Question 24

where can the arterial supply to ureters come from

Answer 24

renal arteries
gonadal
abdominal aorta
common/internal iliac artery

Question 25

how are ureters drained superiorly/inferioly

Answer 25

sup = periureteric venous plexus inf = gonadal veins

Question 26

how is the innervation of the ureter described

Answer 26

visceral apin from renal calculus from T11-L2

Question 27

what do renal and ureteric calculi lead to

Answer 27

sympathetic nerve pain to back and groin

Question 28

where do stones normally form

Answer 28

in the 3 narrowing of ureter

Question 29

what is renal colic

Answer 29

loin to groin pain

Question 30

where does the bladder lie in male and females

Answer 30

posterior to public symphysis F = anterior to vagina M =inferior to prostate

Question 31

how does the urethra leave

Answer 31

inferiorly

Question 32

what are trigones in male bladders

Answer 32

smooth area between ureteral openings and urethra

Question 33

only which direction can the urinary bladder go when expanding

Answer 33

superiorly

Question 34

what is the urothelium

Answer 34

lines most of the urinary system made of 3-5 cells with glycoprotein plaques

Question 35

what are the specialised cells of urothelium tissue

Answer 35

umbrella cells

Question 36

what are the 4 parts of the urethra

Answer 36

intramural prostatic membranous penile

Question 37

what is cystoscopy

Answer 37

used to see bladder cancers

Question 38

what is catheterisation used for

Answer 38

draining the bladder

Question 39

what does the sympathetic system do to control micturition

Answer 39

contract internal urethral sphincter

Question 40

what does the parasympathetic system do to control micturition

Answer 40

contraction of detrusor muscle relaxing of internal urethral sphincter

Question 41

what do renal arteriograms do

Answer 41

scan for renal arteries

Question 42

what do ovaries do

Answer 42

produce oocytes

Question 43

how are ovaries connected to uterus

Answer 43

via ligament

Question 44

what's the job of the uterine tubes

Answer 44

transport eggs from ovaries to uterus

Question 45

what are fimbriae in the uterine tube

Answer 45

projections which catch eggs

Question 46

how is the uterine tube structured

Answer 46

thick walled and highly vascular

Question 47

what is the vagina

Answer 47

muscular canal connecting uterus to vaginal opening

Question 48

what are the corpora cavernosa jobs

Answer 48

engorge blood

Question 49

what are the vestibular bulbs

Answer 49

long masses of erectile tissue

Question 50

what is the female vulva

Answer 50

external genitalia

Question 51

what is the ductus deferens

Answer 51

travels from testes to prostate to deposit sperm in prostatic urethra

Question 52

what are the seminal vesciles

Answer 52

produce fluid for semen

Question 53

what's the prostate gland job

Answer 53

secretes fluid for 30% makeup of semen and prostatic acid

Question 54

what is prostatomegaly

Answer 54

an enlarged prostate

Question 55

what is BPH in the male prostate

Answer 55

enlargement due to increase number of cells in prostate

Question 56

what does vas deferens do

Answer 56

transport spermatozoa from spermatic cord via prostate gland urethra and penis

Question 57

how is the spermatic cord cooled down

Answer 57

counter current exchange

Question 58

where does the right testicular vein drain

Answer 58

directly into the IVC

Question 59

where does the left testicular vein drain

Answer 59

left renal vein

Question 60

what is testicular varicocele

Answer 60

enlargement of pampiniform venous plexus in spermatic cord

Question 61

what is Vaginoplasty

Answer 61

making a neovagina

Question 62

what is Phalloplasty

Answer 62

making a neophallus

Question 63

what happens during gender reassignment

Answer 63

neural structures are moved but preserved