W10 D1 - AKI

Question 1

What is the diagnostic criteria for AKI?

Question 2

Explain causes of each type of AKI

Answer 2

Prerenal

Intrarenal

Postrenal

Question 3

Explain the initial and maintenance phases of AKI

Question 4

Explain the diuretic and recovery phases of AKI

Question 5

Summarize the main differences in each stage of AKIs

Answer 5

Initiation

Maintenance

Diuretic

Recovery

Question 6

What are some medical managements for AKI?

What electrolyte imbalances will there be?

Answer 6

1. Prevention
2. Correct cause
3. Maintain fluid balance
   * replacement, restriction, removal
4. Electrolyte imbalance
   * K ^
   * Na v
   * Ca v
   * phosphate ^
   * bicarb v (metabolic acidosis)
   * Hbg v
   * hemotocrit v (dilution)

Explain why

Question 7

How do we replace electrolytes for AKI?

Answer 7

Hyperkalemia
* insulin/glucose
* K binding agents (kayexalate)
* diuretics
* dialysis

Hyponatremia
* fluid restriction
* increase Na during dialysis

Hypocalcemia
* administer calcium and vitamin D

^ Phosphate
* phosate binding agents to excrete in feces (aluminum hydroxide)
* dialysis

Question 8

Explain how dialysis works

Answer 8

Separates and removes excess electrolytes, fluid, and toxins from the blood and filters metabolic waste products

Does not improve renal function, simply life support

Question 9

Differentiate types of dialysis

Answer 9

Hemodialysis

Peritoneal

Question 10

What abnormal neuro, respiratory, CV findings are associated with AKI?

Question 11

What abnormal GI, GU, and skin findings are associated with AKI?

Question 12

Why would a patient need to be dialyzed?

indictations

Question 13

Differentiate IHD, CRRT, and SLED

advantages / disadvantages