Day 4.5 - ANS: Stress Response

Question 1

Explain the functions of each division of the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

Answer 1

SNS - fight / flight
* thoracic / lumbar regions
* eye, salivary glands
* trachea, bronchi, heart
* liver, gallbladder, adrenal gland
* stomach, ascending colon, small intestines, rectum
* urinary bladder

PSNS - rest / digest
* cranial / sacral regions
* eye, eyelid, salivary glands
* trachea, heart
* kidney
* stomach, descending colon, small intestine, rectum
* bladder

Question 2

What are the neurotransmitters of the ANS? Corresponding receptor sites

Answer 2

SNS
* norepinephrine - alpha preference, + beta
* ^ vasoconstrict
* epinephrine - beta preference, + alpha
* ^ increase HR + bronchodilate

PSNS
* acetylcholine - cholinergic receptor

neurotransmitter - receptor

Question 3

Define inotrope, dromotrope, chronotrope, agonist, antagonist

Answer 3

Inotrope
* refers to FOC

Chronotrope
* refers to heart rate

Dromotrope
* refers to speed of conduction
* uncommon

Agonist
* increases drug response

Antagonist
* decreases drug response

Question 4

Describe the events in neurotransmission

Answer 4

1. An impulse travels along the nerve unit to the presynaptic membrane (stores NTs)
2. The impulse causes the release of neurotransmitters into a gap / synapse , the post synaptic membrane has receptor sites
3. IF enough neurotransmitters attach to receptor sites there will be an organ effect

Question 5

What happens when stimulating/blocking alpha 1,2, beta 1,2 receptors?

Question 6

Explain the effects of the ANS on the bronchi
* salivary glands
* heart
* blood vessels
* gastrointestinal tract
* kidney

Answer 6

bronchi
*

salivary glands

heart

blood vessels

gastrointestinal tract

kidney