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(NEW) PSMA > W1 General Chemistry > Flashcards

W1 General Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Coined the term “Atomos” aka ____

A

Democritus,
“discontinuous matter”
“indivisible”

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2
Q

Said “There can be no ultimately indivisible particles”

A

PLATO AND ARISTOTLE

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3
Q

Believed that matter did not exist as a discrete units and
atoms are considered continuous particles

A

PLATO AND ARISTOTLE

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4
Q

Was the first component of the atom to be identified

A

ELECTRONS

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5
Q

Discovered Electrons

A

Joseph John Thomson

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6
Q

Component of a nucleus, discovered by Eugene Goldstein

A

PROTONS

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7
Q

Components of nucleus, discovered by James Chadwick in 1932

A

NEUTRONS

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8
Q

Atoms is a spherical mass containing electrons and
that this spherical mass is positive but is made neutral by the electrons embedded in it.

A

THOMSON MODEL

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9
Q

It is based on additional experimental evidence of “alpha scattering
experiments”.

A

RUTHERFORD MODEL

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10
Q

In this model, protons
are in the nucleus and
the electrons are in
the orbital motion
around the nucleus.

A

Bohr Model of an
Atom

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11
Q

In this model, the
atoms are in elliptical
orbits of increasing
number.

A

Rutherford-Bohr Model

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12
Q

This principle states that simultaneous
determination of the exact position and exact momentum of electron is impossible.

A

Heisenburg Uncertainty Principle

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13
Q

In this model, the nucleus is a
single cluster of particles at
the center of the atom while
the electrons are everywhere

A

Wave Mechanical Atom

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14
Q

This theory makes the assertion that
electromagnetic radiation like X-rays, gamma
rays, radio waves and light rays are made up
of small bits of energy.

A

Schroedinger “Quantum Model”

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15
Q

This theory states that the number of orbital
types in a given shell is equal to the shell
number.

A

Orbital Theory

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16
Q

orbitals with the same electron of same energy level

A

Hund’s Rule of Maximum Multiplicity

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17
Q

states that atoms may be built by progressively filling the main energy levels, sub levels and orbitals with electrons according to increasing level

A

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE

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18
Q

is equal to the number of protons and electrons

A

ATOMIC NUMBER

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19
Q

Total number of protons and neutrons on the nucleus of nucleons

A

MASS NUMBER

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20
Q

atoms of the same element with the same atomic number, but different mass number

A

ISOTOPES

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21
Q

Has the same number of protons and electrons but diff number of neutrons

A

ISOTOPES

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22
Q

atoms of different elements having the same number of neutrons

A

ISOTONES

23
Q

atoms of different elements having the same atomic mass

A

ISOBARS

24
Q

It is a charged species, an atom or a molecule, that has lost or gained one or more electrons

A

IONS

25
Q

it is the smallest indivisible portion of a pure chemical substance that has its unique set of chemical properties, that is, its potential to undergo a certain set of chemical reactions with other substances

A

MOLECULES

26
Q
  • a chemical compound always contains
    exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.
A

Law of Definite Proportions

27
Q
  • when two elements combine to form more
    than one compound, the weights of one
    element that combine with a fixed weight of
    the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers
A

Law of Multiple Proportions

28
Q

Elements combine in the ratio of
their combining weights or chemical
equivalents; or in some simple multiple or
sub-multiple of that ratio.

A

Law of Combining Weights

29
Q

Other names for Law of Combining Weights

A

Also called the Law of Reciprocal Proportions or Law of Equivalents

30
Q

Are made up of one kind of only one kind of matter possessing a definite, fixed and unvarying compositions

-has unique set of properties

A

PURE SUBSTANCES

31
Q

simplest form of substance that cannot be decomposed by chemical means; building blocks of matter

A

ELEMENTS

32
Q

elements that has a characteristic of brilliant, luster, ductility, malleability, and good conductors of heat and electricity

A

METALS

33
Q

possess characteristics opposite to metals

A

NON-METALS

34
Q

possess characteristics of metals and non-metals

A

METALLOIDS

35
Q

are substances whose molecules are made up of two or more kinds of atoms
-combined in def proportion

A

COMPOUNDS

36
Q

formed when there is a transfer of e-

A

IONIC COMPOUND

37
Q

formed when e- are shared

A

COVALENT COMPOUND

38
Q

formed by interaction between elements which are usually metallic but the resulting compound behaves just like an ordinary metal

A

METALLIC COMPOUND

39
Q

○ any of the large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbons are covalently linked to the atoms of another elements

A

ORGANIC COMPOUND

40
Q

○ these are combined with definite proportions of two elements

A

INORGANIC COMPOUND

41
Q

An equation that will provide the starting point for modern treatments of non-ideality of electrolytes solution

A

DEBYE-HUCKEL THEORY

42
Q

Substances that are resistant to pH

A

BUFFERS

43
Q

maximum amount of either the strong
acid or the strong base that can be added before a significant

A

BUFFER CAPACITY

44
Q

combination of any positive ion
and negative ion except for OH;
formed by the combination of acids and bases ○

A

SALTS

45
Q

Acid and bases with a product of salt and water

A

NEUTRALIZATION

46
Q

Substances that consists oxygen and other elements

A

OXIDES

47
Q

-substances that are uniform in appearance and has the same
properties and composition throughout one phase and has only color

-particles distributed uniformly

A

HOMOGENOUS

48
Q

 consists of two or more distinct portions  particles distributed non-uniformly
 can be separated mechanically

A

HETEROGENOUS

49
Q

 visible light
 solid and liquid

A

SUSPENSION

50
Q

the liquids are colloidally suspended in another liquid
samples

A

EMULSIONS

51
Q

Scattering of light by particles in a colloid or suspension

A

TYNDALL EFFECT

52
Q

States that matter can either be created nor destroyed

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

53
Q

States that matter can either be created nor destroyed

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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