Organic Chemistry

Question 1

heated inorganic compound
ammonium cyanate produced urea

Answer 1

Wöhler synthesis

Question 1

AKA Carbamide

Answer 1

Urea

Question 2

German chemist, disproved the
“Vitalism” and isolate urea

Answer 2

Friedrich Wohler

Question 3

Urea was isolated from an inorganic compound ______

Answer 3

ammonium cyanate

Question 4

states that electrons fill lower-energy atomic orbitals before
filling higher-energy ones

Answer 4

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE

Question 5

maximum of 2 electrons can occupy the same orbital only if
they have opposite spins

Answer 5

PAULI’S EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE

Question 6

atoms of the same element with different
numbers of neutrons and thus different mass
number (A).

Answer 6

ISOTOPES

Question 7

region of space where there is a
certain probability of finding an
electron

Answer 7

ORBITALS

Question 8

• Also known as WAVE FUNCTION

Answer 8

ORBITALS

Question 9

for degenerate orbitals, electrons fill the orbitals singly
before they pair up

Answer 9

HUND’S RULE

Question 10

No 2 electrons can have the same set of 4 quantum numbers

Answer 10

HEISENBERG’S UNCCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE

Question 11

• symbolic notation of the manner in which the electrons of its atoms are distributed over different
  atomic orbitals

Answer 11

Electron Configuration

Question 12

The tendency among atoms of group 1A-7A
elements to react in ways that achieve an outer shell of
eight valence electrons.

Answer 12

Octet Rule

Question 13

– an atom or group of atoms bearing a negative
charge.

Answer 13

Anion

Question 14

an atom or group of atoms bearing a positive charge.

Answer 14

Cation

Question 15

-Electron dot structure
-Valence shell electrons of an atom are represented as dot

Answer 15

LEWIS STRUCTURE

Question 16

-Line bond structure
-Each shared electron is represented by line
between the atom
symbols

Answer 16

KEKULE STRUCTURE

Question 17

Associated with any atom that does not exhibit the appropriate number of valence electrons.

Answer 17

Formal Charge

Question 18

Measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons

Answer 18

ELECTRONEGATIVITY

Question 19

withdrawal of electrons towards a highly
electronegative atom which causes the formation of
partial charges

Answer 19

INDUCTION

Question 20

is a complex interaction that
includes dipole-dipole, as well as orbital interactions
and the transfer of electron density between
molecules.

Answer 20

Hydrogen bonding

Question 21

These are the strongest of the IMFs and range from 5 –
25 kJ/mol

Answer 21

Hydrogen bonding

Question 22

forces arise from the attraction of
oppositely charged atoms (other than H) in
molecules.

Answer 22

Dipole-dipole

Question 23

• These are generally weaker than H-bonding, ranging
  from about 5-10 kJ/mol.

Answer 23

Dipole-Dipole

Question 24

forces arise
from the movement of electrons within a molecule. This natural motion can produce an uneven
distribution of the electrons (polarization of the distribution) resulting in a temporary dipole
moment in the molecule. This will induce the
movement of electrons in adjacent molecules

Answer 24

Van der Waals or (London) dispersion

Question 25

forces are very brief and weak, only 2-5 kJ/mol.

Answer 25

Van der Waals or (London) dispersion forces

Question 26

A _______ reaction involves the displacement of one
atom or group in a molecule by another atom or group.

Answer 26

SUBSTITUTION