W1 EXAMINABLE CONTENT Flashcards
What is domain general vs domain specific?
Domain-general abilities apply broadly across various tasks and areas e.g working memory, processing speed,
Domain-specific abilities are specialised for particular areas e.g motor, social or math abilties
What is qualitative vs quantitative? change
Qualitative change involves a shift in the nature of thinking or behavior (a new stage or type).
Quantitative change involves gradual increases or decreases in the amount or frequency of something (e.g., more vocabulary, faster processing).
What is the Empiricism vs. Nativism debate in developmental psychology?
Empiricism: Emphasizes the role of environment and learning in shaping a child’s development “We learn from what we experience.” .
Nativism/Rationalism: Emphasizes the role of innate abilities and genetic predispositions in shaping a child’s development “We’re born with some knowledge.”
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What did Izard et al. (2009) study, and how? Think dots!
They tested whether newborns have an innate sense of number. Hours-old infants saw dot arrays while hearing a fixed number of sounds. Researchers measured looking time to see if babies noticed when the dots mismatched the sounds.
What did Izard find, and why does it matter?
They looked longer at numerically matching visual displays (congruent numbers) after hearing an auditory sequence with the same number of repetitions. his supports the nativist view that numerical perception is innate, not learned.
