Vunerability

Question 1

Peers - How does SLT explain addiction? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 1

The importance of peers as potential role models

Question 2

Peers - how does the social identity theory explain addiction? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 2

A collective consensus of norms and values within the group

Question 3

Peers - What did Flay et al (1994) find? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 3

Friends have a stronger influence on smoking than parents, especially with initiation

Question 4

Peers - How does social selection explain addiction? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 4

Individuals with dependency problems tend to seek peers that have similar traits

Question 5

Stress - why does addictive activity occur? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 5

A means of coping with daily hassles, self medication hypothesis

Question 6

Stress - What is an example of a somatic effect and what does it create? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 6

• Dopamine
• soporific effect - sleepiness
• sense of well being

Question 7

Stress - What did Dreissen (2008) find? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 7

30% of drug addicts suffer from PTSD

Question 8

Stress - What did Goeders (2003) find? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 8

Rats exposed to stressful conditions (electric shocks) self administered more cocanie than rats in a less stressful environment

Question 9

Age - What is the general age of initiation to any addictive behaviour and why? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 9

Adolescent due to the high levels of stress and the struggle to establish identity

Question 10

Age - What is the correlation between age and chance of relapse? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 10

The earlier the addiction starts, the higher the chance of relapse

Question 11

Age - What did Dawson et al (2008) find? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 11

The age of a first drink is associated with later dependency

Question 12

Age - What can be done with the research into age and addiction? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 12

Government intervention needed

Question 13

Personality - What did Eysenck suggest? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 13

Neuroticism (moodiness, tiredness etc) and psychoticism (aggression, no emotion etc) are strongly correlated with addiction

Question 14

Personality - What do people with a psychotic personality seek? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 14

Adrenaline e.g cocaine

Question 15

Personality - What do those with a neurotic personality seek? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 15

Soporific effects e.g alcohol

Question 16

Personality - What did Chein (1964) find? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 16

Low self esteem, low self-efficacy and dependency is associated with addiction

Question 17

Personality - What did Belin (2008) find? (vulnerability addiction)

Answer 17

Rats that were impulsive were more likely to develop addictions from self-administer cocaine

Question 18

Peers - What may lead to the adoption of behaviour that many initiate or maintain addiction? (Vulnerability addiction)

Answer 18

NSI and ISI