Vulval Cancer and Precancer Flashcards
What are the risk factors for vulval neoplasia?
Smoking
Other genital intra-epithelial neoplasia
Previous related malignancy
Immunosuppression
What is the clinical appearance of vulval intra-epithelial neoplasia?
Raised papular or plaques lesions
Erosions, nodules, warty
Keratotic roughened appearance
Sharp border
How is a diagnosis made for vulval intra-epithelial neoplasia?
Histological diagnosis
Punch biopsy under LA
What is the management for vulval intra-epithelial neoplasia?
Surveillance
Surgery
Topical treatments
Laser ablation
When are topical treatments used to manage vulval intra-epithelial neoplasia?
Tissue preservation
Multiple lesions
What are the topical treatments used in vulval intra-epithelial neoplasia?
Imiquimod
5FU
Alpha-interferon
Cidofivir
What kind and when is laser treatment used in vulval intra-epithelial neoplasia?
CO2 laser
Suitable for mucosal skin
What is the presentation of vulval cancer?
Pain
Itch
Bleeding
Lump/ulcer
What type of cancer is vulval cancer?
Mostly SCC (VIN, lichen sclerosis)
BCC
Melanoma
Bartholin’s gland
How is vulval cancer treated?
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
What nodes are removed in vulval cancer treatment?
Inguinal
Upper femoral
What are the complications of groin node dissection?
Nerve damage
Wound infection
Lymphocysts
