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Obs and Gynae > Radiology and Cytology of the Breasts > Flashcards

Radiology and Cytology of the Breasts Flashcards

1
Q

What imaging can be used to look at the breasts?

A 
Mammography 
Ultrasound 
Image guided techniques 
MRI 
Nuclear medicine/ PET
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2
Q

What are the 2 main views given in a mammogram?

A

Oblique

Craniocaudal

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3
Q

When are mammograms indicated?

A

Over 35

Under 35 if strong cancer suspicion and FH

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4
Q

What is the radiation dose of a mammogram?

A

1mSv

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5
Q

What are the general signs of breast disease?

A 
Dominant mass 
Asymmetry 
Architectural distortion 
Parenchymal contour 
Calcifications
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6
Q

What are some of the mammogram features of a malignant breast mass?

A

Irregular, ill defined
Spiculated
Dense
Distortion of architecture

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7
Q

What are some of the mammogram features of a benign breast mass?

A

Smooth or lobulated
Normal density
Halo

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8
Q

What are the indications for ultrasound imaging?

A

Under 35 age group

No ionising radiation

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9
Q

What are some of the ultrasound features of a malignant breast mass?

A

Irregular outline
Interrupting breast architecture
Acoustic shadowing and anterior halo

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10
Q

What are some of the ultrasound features of a benign breast mass?

A

Smooth outline
Oval shape
Acoustic enhancement

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11
Q

What are the 2 main types of image guided needle biopsy?

A

Fine needle aspiration

Core biopsy

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12
Q

What are the indications for MRI breast imaging?

A 
Implants 
Intederminate lesion following triple assessment 
Screening high risk women 
Dense breasts 
Lobular malignancy for multifocality
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13
Q

What nuclear medicine techniques can be used to identify breast cancers?

A

Sesta-MIBI

Thallium

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14
Q

How is a sentinel node sample taken?

A

Peritumoral injection of Tc sulphur colloid and blue dye
Intraoperative gamma probe
Single mode removed

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15
Q

What is cytology?

A

Microscopic examination of a thin layer of cells on a slide obtained by fine needle aspiration

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16
Q

What are the key features of benign breast cytology?

A 
Low/ moderate cellularity 
Cohesive groups of cells 
Flat sheets of cells 
Bipolar nuclei in background 
Cells of uniform size 
Uniform chromatin pattern
17
Q

What are the key features of malignant breast cytology?

A 
High cellularity 
Loss of cohesion 
Crowding/overlapping of cells 
Hyperchromasia 
Absence of bipolar nuclei
18
Q

What are the complications of FNAC?

A 
Pain 
Haematoma 
Fainting 
Infection 
Pneumothorax
19
Q

How would cells be collected if there was a suspected nipple lesions?

A

Nipple scrape

Nipple discharge

Obs and Gynae (27 decks)

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