Vulva: clinical and neurovascular Flashcards

1
Q

what are the Bartholin’s glands also known as?

A

greater vestibular nerves

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2
Q

what is Bartholinitis?

A

Bartholin’s glands can become easily infected and inflamed

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3
Q

how do you treat bartholinitis?

A

antibiotics

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4
Q

what is Bartholin’s cyst?

A

glands become blocked without infection

fill with fluid

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5
Q

Blood supply to the external genitalia is delivered by?

A

paired pudendal arteries

(internal branch contributes most) - internal pudendal artery

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6
Q

what are the veins of vulva?

A

pudendal veins, with the smaller labial veins as tributaries

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7
Q

during sexual activity, what happens to the clitoris? why?

A

the pudendal and smaller labial veins become engorged, increasing the size of clitoris

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8
Q

lymphatic drainage of the vulva?

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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9
Q

external female genitalia receives which type of innervation?

A

sensory and parasympathetic nervous supply (ANS)

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10
Q

sensory innervation of anterior vulva?

A

ilioinguinal nerve, and the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

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11
Q

sensory innervation of posterior vulva?

A

pudendal nerve, and by the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

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12
Q

where else does The clitoris and the vestibule also receive parasympathetic innervation from?

A

from the cavernous nerves, derived from the uterovaginal plexus

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13
Q

what is herpes simplex most commonly caused by?

A

Herpes simplex type II virus

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14
Q

symptoms of herpes simplex?

A

itching and burning, with formation of painful red vesicles ~3 days after infection

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15
Q

what may happen to herpes simplex aside from itching and burning?

A

These may ulcerate and last up to 2 weeks, sometimes with recurrent attacks

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16
Q

what are genital warts?

A

benign growths of epithelium

17
Q

what are genital warts caused by?

A

HPV

18
Q

where can HPV infection spread to?

A

Infection can spread to the vagina and cervix

19
Q

how is HPV infection readily transmitted?

A

via sexual activity

20
Q

Certain strains of HPV may predispose affected individuals to what?

A

to dysplastic changes in the cervix, vagina and/or anus which can potentially lead to carcinoma