Uterus: histology, neurovascular, ligaments

Question 1

what is The fundus and body of the uterus are composed of?

Answer 1

3 tissue layers:
peritoneum
myometrium
endometrium

Question 2

what is the peritoneum? continuous with?

Answer 2

A double layered membrane, continuous with the abdominal peritoneum

Question 3

what is the peritoneum of the uterus also known as?

Answer 3

the perinetrium

Question 4

what is the myometrium?

Answer 4

The thick smooth muscle layer

Question 5

what do cells of myometrium undergo during pregnancy? why?

Answer 5

hypertrophy and hyperplasia

in preparation to expel foetus at birth

Question 6

what is the endometrium of the uterus?

Answer 6

An inner mucous membrane lining the uterus

Question 7

how can the endometrium of the uterus be subdivided?

Answer 7

into 2 parts:
the stratum basalis
the stratum functionalis

Question 8

what is Deep stratum basalis? (function)

Answer 8

Changes little throughout the menstrual cycle and is NOT shed at menstruation

Question 9

what is Superficial stratum functionalis? (function)

Answer 9

Proliferates in response to oestrogens, and becomes secretory in response to progesterone
(endometrial lining)

Question 10

when is the Superficial stratum functionalis shed?

Answer 10

during menstruation

Question 11

what does Superficial stratum functionalis regenerate from after shedding during menstruation?

Answer 11

regenerates from cells in the stratum basalis layer

Question 12

what provides support for the uterus?

Answer 12

The tone of the pelvic floor

Question 13

what are the ligaments supporting the uterus?

Answer 13

Broad Ligament
Round Ligament
Ovarian Ligament
Cardinal Ligament
Uterosacral Ligament

Question 14

what is the broad ligament?

Answer 14

a double layer of peritoneum

Question 15

what does the broad ligament attach?

Answer 15

attaches the sides of the uterus to the pelvis

Question 16

what does the broad ligament act as?

Answer 16

a mesentery for the uterus and contributes to maintaining it in position

Question 17

what is the round ligament a remnant of?

Answer 17

the gubernaculum

Question 18

where does the round ligament extend?

Answer 18

extending from the uterine horns to the labia majora via the inguinal canal

Question 19

function of the round ligament?

Answer 19

maintain the anteverted position of the uterus

Question 20

what does ovarian ligament join?

Answer 20

Joins the ovaries to the uterus

Question 21

where is the Cardinal Ligament located?

Answer 21

Located at the base of the broad ligament

Question 22

where does the cardinal ligament extend?

Answer 22

from the cervix to the lateral pelvic walls

Question 23

what does the cardinal ligament contain?

Answer 23

the uterine artery and vein

Question 24

function of the cardinal ligament?

Answer 24

providing support to the uterus

Question 25

Uterosacral Ligament extends?

Answer 25

from the cervix to the sacrum

Question 26

function of Uterosacral Ligament?

Answer 26

provides support to the uterus

Question 27

blood supply to uterus?

Answer 27

uterine artery

Question 28

venous drainage of the uterus?

Answer 28

via a plexus in the broad ligament that drains into the uterine veins

Question 29

lymphatic drainage of the uterus?

Answer 29

iliac, sacral, aortic and inguinal lymph nodes

Question 30

where do sympathetic fibres of the uterus arise from?

Answer 30

uterovaginal plexus

Question 31

what is the uterovaginal plexus arise from?

Answer 31

anterior and intermediate parts of the inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 32

where do parasympathetic fibres of the uterus derive from?

Answer 32

the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

bladder the same - S2-4 keeps the S**t off the floor

Question 33

what is the cervix innervated by?

Answer 33

the inferior nerve fibres of the uterovaginal plexus

Question 34

where do the afferent fibres ascend through?

Answer 34

the inferior hypogastric plexus to enter the spinal cord via T10-T12 and L1 nerve fibres