Vosough Microbiome test Flashcards
In the 11th century who made the scientific method?
Alhazen, the father of scientific method
What is the goal of the method?
To find the truth
What is the first step to the scientific method?
observe/question
What is the second step to the scientific method?
research
What is the third step to the scientific method?
formulate hypothesis
What is the fourth step to the scientific method?
test hypothesis
What is the fifth step to the scientific method?
analyze and conclude
What is the sixth step to the scientific method?
share the results (vosough)
What can other people do if you share a bad result?
They can go off of that idea that they shouldn’t try it because it has been said to come out bad.
what is the difference between correlation and causation?
correlation = two or more things that are linked
causation = something that causes another thing to happen
what is the definition of sample size?
a smaller amount that represents a whole
what is the definition of an independent variable
only thing that you are changing in the experiment
what is the definition of a dependent variable
The thing that you are measuring in your experiment
In the scientific method, what is something that you want to have the most of? (generally speaking)
sample size/the amount of people (or things, creatures, etc.) that you’re measuring in experiment
Key concept of 1.1 microbiome unit
Many organisms are microscopic–so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye
definition of microbiomes
all the microorganisms that live and on the human
how many microbiomes do we have in our body
100 trillion of them
definition of organisms
living things, such as plants, animals, and bacteria
definition of scale
the relative size of things/the size of one thing compared to another
definition of microscopic
too small to be seen with the naked eye
what do you need to be alive
a Cell
what do cells do
they make up functions
key concept of 1.2 microbiome
Almost all cells are microscopic
what words make up microorganisms
microscopic and organisms
what does enlarge in science
magnification
definition of bacteria
tiny organisms that are made of a single cell, that can be helpful or harmful to humans
who discovered cells
Robert Hooke
what year did they discover cells
1665
who was the person who said that motion was a sign of life
Van Leeuwenhoek
is Van Leeuwenhoek statement true in this period of time, if so why
no, there are now non living things that move, one example is a robot
what are all cells enclosed by? What does it control
the cell membrane, controls what goes in and out
what are all cells made out of?
Cytoplasm, a jelly-like fluid
what does cytoplasm do
nothing, it is the only part of the cell that doesn’t have a function
what in a cell makes proteins
ribosomes
which cells help fight infections
white blood cells
what are cells made out of
molecules
what is the smallest unit of matter
atoms
cells = ? = ?
Molecules = atoms
what do different organs form when working together
a system
what happens when different systems work together
it makes up the body
what do you call it when the same type of cells work together
a tissue
what do you call it when different tissues work together
an organ
what is the nucleus
command center/makes all the decisions/tells what the cells what to do
where is the dna kept in every cell
the nucleus
what else does the cell membrane do
helps maintain homeostasis
what is the homeostasis
The stability that maintained by an organism, the single most important thing that keeps us healthy
name examples of what the homeostasis does.
knows when to repair cuts, maintaining the right temperature (98.6) , how many blood cells you need in your body, etc.
when there’s a fever in your body what happens?
the homeostasis fights it, which is why you feel pain when sick. once the sickness is gone, the homeostasis returns to maintain everything in the body once again
what is mitochondria
uses glucose and oxygen molecules to release energy that the cell can use
where are the ribosomes
either floating (in cytoplasm) or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
what is the Endoplasmic Reticulum/ E.R.
makes and transports molecules (In general)
how many types are there of the Endoplasmic Reticulum and what are the types
two types, rough and smooth
what make the E.R. rough
Makes rough because of ribosomes attached to it
is cytoplasm an organelle?
no
do plant cells have the same organelles as the cells in our body?
they usually do, plus extra ones that only plant cells have
what cells have a cell wall
Plant cells are the only cells with a cell wall
why do plant cells have a cell wall
plants don’t have anything like bones to keep them up
what are cloroplasts (in plant cells)
they store chlorophyll
what do Vacuoles do
they store the plant cells
are Vacuoles unique to plants
no
what’s the difference between plant Vacuoles and human cell Vacuoles
plant vacuoles are extra big in size comparison
what is a Scientific name
their Genus + species name = organisms
what are the three domains
eukarya, bacteria, and achaea
what domain are we in
eukarya
what separates the domains
the way they look
fill the blank :
the ___________ _____________ system
Linnean classification
What scientists get help from the linnean classification system
who study life
how many species have we discovered
6 billion species
who discovered the systems
Carl linnaeus
when did Carl linnaeus live
early 17 hundreds
why did Carl linnaeus make the system
because it was easier to find everything
what is the order of the classification from least to most specific
domain, kingdom, phylum, class order, family, genus, species
what is the next classification after order
family
what can you remember to remember the classification system
DEAR KING PHILLIP CAME OVER FOR GOOD SOUP
definition of culture
scientists use cultures to grow and multiply microorganisms
what is a petri dish
what a culture is put into
what is a biome
the environment and all the organisms that are living there
what surrounds cultures in the petri dishes
a mixture of water and sugar
why do we put the mixture in the petri dish?
because it gives the microorganisms inside energy to grow and multiply
what do we have have 100 trillion of?
microorganisms
there are thousands of different _________ in your body
bacteria
what does the human body provide
food and space for bacteria
what is good bacteria?
Prevents harmful bacteria from growing and defends against disease and infection
what kind of bacteria take up space for another not to get in
good bacteria
what can bacteria in the gut do to help
breaks down food NOT DIGEST
how can harmful bacteria get in?
cuts, spoiled food, and the air that we breathe
what’s a claim?
a proposed answer to a question about the natural world
what is an evidence?
information about the natural world that is used to support a claim
what’s a reasoning
the process of making clear how your evidence supports your claim
what are the four steps to the scientific argument
question, claim, provide evidence, and reasoning
when writing a reasoning, what should you write specifically?
Explaining why the evidence supports your claim
