Ancient Rome Flashcards
Republic
A government where citizens elect representatives to rule on their behalf (Rome was a Republic!)
Hagia Sophia
Church of the Holy Wisdom or Church of the Divine Wisdom,
~became a symbol of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire (built during 532 - 537 C.E.)
~Lasted 700 years
~Agricultural Revolution
~Built by Justinian
~Stories of Christ ~murals painted
~Islam took over; today ½ Christian ½ Islamic
Mosaics
Pictures made out of many colored pieces of stone;
Tell stories without reading
Parable
A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson, to teach a great truth, or to challenge the hearers to change their behavior;
Jesus used parables to teach
Positions in Church (highest to lowest)
Pope
Patriarch
Archbishops
Bishops
Priests
laity
Julius Caesar
~was beloved by many bc public work projects
~member of the First Triumvirate along with Pompey + Crassus.
~Became dictator.
~March 15, 44 BCE (Ides of March), stabbed to death 23 times
Constantine
~General; became emperor in 312 C.E
~Made Christianity the main religion of Rome
~created Constantinople.
~313 C.E: Constantine issued the Edict of Milan;
allowed all ppl in Roman Empire, including Christians, to practice their religions freely.
Justinian
~Ruler of Byzantine Empire
~Married to Theodora
~ruled from 527 C.E. until 565 C.E.
~created the Justinian Codes (Laws)
~ensured fair treatment for all, including women.
~Built Hagia Sophia
Raised by Uncle Justin
Marc Antony
~A member of the Second Triumvirate along with Lepidus and Octavian.
~He was the husband of Cleopatra
~Went to war with Octavian Caesar, but was defeated.
~Marc Antony commits suicide by stabbing himself with a sword.
Zama
(name of punic wars)
~The battle of Zama was Rome against Carthage.
~Hannibal crossed the Alps to bring in elephants for the 2nd Punic War.
~In the end, Carthage lost the 2nd Punic War.
~Romans use the shield wall tactic
~Hannibal use hit & run tactic
Diocletian
~A general who became emperor in 284 B.C.E.
~introduced reforms to rule the large empire better
~divided it into 4 parts with their own ruler.
~He forced people to stay at the same job till they died
~was not a strong enough Emperor to enforce it.
~Had to leave being Emperor.
Germanic Invaders (Visigoths/Vandals)
~Germanic Tribes raided the western empire, and Persian Sasanian armies invaded in the east.
~People living in cities built protective walls around them.
~With less money to use, the government started to hire Germanic soldiers.
~Germanic soldiers, however, had no loyalty to the empire.
Romulus and Remus
~Latin princess had twin sons
~She promised not to have kids
~Punished and babies taken, abandoned
~She wolf found + cared for them (Romulus and Remus)
~A shepherd found + raised them
~When grown built city on Tiber but fought over who rule
~Romulus won
Etruscans
~800 BCE dominated all N Italy
~Rich
~From 700 BCE to 500 BCE the Etruscans controlled Rome and started a “Kingdom”
Tarquin the Proud
Last Etruscan King
His rule described as “harsh hand”
Legacy of Rome
- Latin influence Spanish French Italian Portuguese Romanian
- Romans invented Concrete
- Rome leaves lasting legacy in Art
Architecture
Engineering
Language
Writing
Philosophy
Christianity
Law
Citizenship
Roman art
What did the government build?
- Stadiums
- Aqueducts
- Roads
- Circus Maximus
How did Skippio stop Hannibal?
Use parted shield wall
Why did Rome fall?
Empire had grown too large, too many slaves, economic problems, invasion, and especially Christianity
Issues of Icons brought the churches together true or false?
False.
Why did the Roman Empire split into two parts?
It grew too big.
What made the Byzantine Empire peaceful?
The art of careful diplomacy and the capital was easy to defend.
Pax Romania
200 yrs of peace and prosperity in Rome.
The Great Schism
Rome & Byzantine Empire split up Christianity into 2 types: Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic.
