CH 2 vosough science Flashcards
What two molecules are needed in order to make energy in the body?
Oxygen and glucose
What in the cell is responsible for converting molecules into energy?
mitochondria
What are the three main systems involved in metabolism?
Digestive, respiratory, circulatory
What is the definition of metabolism?
body’s use of molecules for energy and growth
What’s the definition of a molecule?
Atoms joined together in a particular way
What’s the definition of oxygen?
a molecule that organisms get from the air or water around them and use to release energy
What’s the definition of glucose?
a molecule that organisms can use to release energy, and that is made of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen atoms
What’s the definition of amino acids?
molecules that are the building blocks of protein
What’s the definition of starch?
energy storage molecule made up of glucose that are connected
What’s the definition of protein?
large molecules that do functions inside living things and are made from amino acids
What’s the definition of a system?
set of interacting parts that make a whole
What’s the definition of energy?
ability to make things move/change
What happens to starch in the digestive system?
Enters the digestive system and breaks down into glucose. The undigested starch will go into the small intestine to enter the large intestine.
What takes carbon dioxide out of the blood and replaces it with oxygen?
alveoli
Protein is too big to fit through the ______ therefore, it can’t get into the blood.
villi
What specifically happens inside the body of someone who suffers from asthma that causes them to get less oxygen?
Tubes in the lungs swell up and let less oxygen in
A person who is anemic has less _____________ which means less oxygen makes it to the cells.
red blood cells
What is a pancreas? What does it do?
Pancreas is a small organ in the digestive system that makes digestive enzymes and is located under the liver near the stomach
What is insulin AND what does it do?
Insulin is a protein molecule that “locks” and “unlocks” the cell, allowing glucose to get in
Someone with diabetes can’t produce enough what?
insulin
Red blood cells carry _____ molecules needed for energy conversion?
oxygen
Other than energy, what are the two byproducts created after energy is made?
Water and CO2
What do the alveoli do?
Alveoli are tiny structures that connect the lungs to the circulatory system and is when oxygen moves from respiratory system to circulatory, and when CO2 moves from circulatory system to respiratory
What’s the definition of the digestive system?
the body system that takes in food and breaks it down
What’s the definition of respiratory system?
the body system that takes in oxygen and releases CO2