Vomiting baby/diarrhoea in children Flashcards
Pyloric stenosis usually presents in what age group?
Usually 2nd-4th weeks
Biochemical hallmark of pyloric stenosis?
Hypochloraemic, hypokalaemic alkalosis due to persistent vomiting
Character of the vomiting in pyloric stenosis?
Projectile, typically 30 mins after a feed
Diagnostic investigation in pyloric stenosis?
Ultrasound
Management of pyloric stenosis?
Ramstedt pylorotomy
Abdominal colic + drawing knees up to chest + red currant jelly stool
Intussusception
Radiological finding in intussusception?
Target-like mass
At what age does intussusception usually present?
6 months to 18 months
Treatment of intussusception? (2)
Air insufflation under radiological control
If this fails/peritonitis- surgery
Underlying phsiology of the hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis seen in pyloric stenosis?
Loss of hydrochloric acid, causing kidneys to retain hydrogen ions at the expense of potassium
Bilious vomiting + abdominal distension + failure to pass meconium within first 48 hrs/constipation in older children
? Hirchsprung’s disease
Underlying pathology of Hirchsprung’s disease?
Aganglionic segment of bowel leading to lack of parasympathetic stimulation
Pyloric stenosis is more common in which congenital syndrome?
Turner syndrome (XO)
Dueodenal atresia is associated which which congenital syndrome?
Down syndrome
Abdominal pain + bloody stools + erythema nodosum, presenting in adolescence
Inflammatory bowel disease
