Volcanoes

Question 1

Which plate margins are volcanoes found at?

Answer 1

Destructive and Constructive

Question 2

How are volcanoes formed?

Answer 2

Destructive- Oceanic plate moves into the mantle (denser) where it melts and gets destroyed, causing a pool of magma
Magma rises through cracks in the crust called vents
Magma erupts on the surface forming volcanoes
Constructive- Two plates move away from eachother, magma rises to fill the gap

Question 3

Which type of volcano form at which boundary?

Answer 3

Destructive- Composite

Constructive- Shield

Question 4

Features of a shield volcano

Answer 4

Constructive boundary
Thin, runny lava
Low and gently sloping
Made of solid lava
Frequent and mild eruptions

Question 5

Features of a composite volcano

Answer 5

Destructive boundary
Thick lava
Steep sided, tall
Made of layers of ash and lava
Explosive eruptions

Question 6

What is the distribution of volcanoes?

Answer 6

Uneven
Belts- Pacific Ocean
Clustered- Iceland
Isolated- Hawaii (Hotspot)

Question 7

What is a volcano?

Answer 7

An opening in the Earth’s crust which allows magma to rise to the surface, made of igneous material

Question 8

How do scientists predict eruptions?

Answer 8

Tiltmeters- detect changes in the slope caused by moving magma underground
Seismograms/ seismeters- detect plate movement and tiny earthquakes
Spectrometer- measures sulphur and carbon dioxide levels