Volcanoes Flashcards
Are mountains that have the capacity to erupt at any time.
volcanoes
mountain or hill, typicallyconical, having acrateror vent through which lava, rockfragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have beeneruptedfrom the earth’scrust.
volcanoes
Underneath the Earth’s surface, ___________ or molten rock is slowly being forced through the cracks or weaknesses on Earth.
magma
When magma reaches the surface, it’s called __________
lava
A Volcano may be classified as __________________ based on its life cycle.
Active, Dormant, or Extinct
A ______________is classified as active if it has a tendency to erupt or if it is already erupting.
Volcano
A ___________________ is classified when it is not erupting or is not going to erupt sometime in the near future .
Dormant Volcano
PHIVOLCS refers to dormant volcanoes as “potentially active volcanoes” or in other terms they can be considered as ________________.
“Sleeping Volcanoes”
_______________ are those that have not erupted in the last 30 000 to 40 000 years and are not expected to erupt any time soon
Extinct Volcanoes
Though scientist believed that a phenomenon called __________________ may revive a volcano.
“rejuvenation”
A _________________ are called such because they are formed by alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic materials from multiple eruptions that occurred through time.
Stratovolcano or composite volcano
This type of volcano are typically tall mountains that have steep sides and are known to erupt violently.
stratovolcano
The famous stratovolcano found here in the Philippines is the ___________________
Mayon Volcano in Bicol
Generally low and has a dome shape, like the shield of medieval knights.
shield volcanoes
These are mountains that have been slowly shaped by lava flows.
shield volcanoes
it is one of the most Largest Shield Volcano.
Mauna Loa in Hawaii
Considered to be the simplest type of volcano.
cinder cone volcanoes
cinder volcanoes is the result of a single vent results in a bowl-shaped crater, which forms a ___________
summit
Or central eruption happen due to the build up of thick magma with high silica content, having slow flowing and very viscous.
Explosive eruption
These eruptions are rapid and very violent, the volcanoes spew out lava, ash, and other volcanic materials over large distances.
Explosive eruption
Or Fissure Eruption, emits a lot of lava coming from a fissure or a crack on the surface.
quiet eruption
Lava derived from magma with low silica content has low viscosity allowing gas to escape
quiet eruption
A chain of volcanoes are called an ____________ wherein the current active volcanoes are found, such as the Bicol Arc where Mount Iriga (Asog), Mayon Volcano, and Mount Bulusan are found.
“arc”
According to PHIVOLCS there are __ active volcanoes listed in the country.
23
These volcanoes are monitored by the ______________________ or also known as PHIVOLCS
“Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology”
The agency serves as the arm of the government that studies, record, and gives forecasts about the behavior of active volcanoes, which help in mitigating the effects of volcanic eruptions.
PHILVOCS
Mudflow composed of rocky debris, water, and pyroclastic material that flows down from a volcano, often along a river valley, having a cement-like consistency making it very dangerous.
lahar
Volcanic ash or tephra is hard, extremely abrasive, mildly corrosive, conducts electricity when wet, and does not dissolve in water.
ash fall
It is made up of small jagged pieces of rocks, minerals, and volcanic glass less than 2 millimeter in diameter (about the size of a sand).
ash fall
High-density mixtures of hot, dry rock fragments and hot gases that move away from the vent that erupted them at high speeds, that are known to exhibit high temperature, some as high as 750*C like Mount Pinatubo.
pyroclastic flow
Are basically rocks that an erupting volcano sends into the air.
ballistic projectile
These blocks travel to distances as far as two to five kilometers away from the vent of a volcano, forming an arched ballistic trajectory like a cannonball.
ballistic projectile
Are water vapors that makes up most of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, and helium.
volcanic gases
These gases can react with water and from poisonous acids, particularly sulfur, chlorine, and fluorine.
volcanic gases
These acids are very toxic and damaging to the skin, eyes, and lungs of animals and human even in small concentrations that can also destroy fabrics, metals, and vegetation.
volcanic gases
Describe as a steam of molten rocks that flows out of a volcano or volcanic vent streaming down that can be very fluid or sticky depending on their composition and temperature.
lava flow
A hot fluid lava can travel farther distances than the cooler, sticky type.
lava flow
