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GEOGRAPHY PAPER 1 - HAZARDS > volcanic - MOUNT ETNA > Flashcards

volcanic - MOUNT ETNA Flashcards

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1
Q

where is it located

A

south west Italy, Sicily

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2
Q

what coastal city is it near

A

Catania

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3
Q

what type of plate boundary is it

A

destructive/convergent

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4
Q

what plates are involved

A

African subducts under eurasian

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5
Q

what is the lava type

A

basaltic

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6
Q

what are the features of the lava

A

mobile, runny, effusive

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7
Q

primary impacts of hazard include

A

people evacuated, airport closed, ash covered buildings

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8
Q

what is the name of the ski resort

A

Sapienza

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9
Q

secondary impacts

A

loss of tourism, airport re-opened, so2 plumes drift

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10
Q

which other countries have been affected by sulphur plumes

A

Libya and Egypt

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11
Q

what is the average magnitude

A

5

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12
Q

vei

A

volcanic
explosivity
index

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13
Q

what is the vei

A

2 or 3

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14
Q

what is the highest recorded vei

A

6

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15
Q

economy of sicily

A

generally wealthy but reliant on tourism and agriculture

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16
Q

response

A

reforestation and earth dam built to divert lava flow

17
Q

what is the altitude of mount etna

A

3350m

18
Q

know to be

A

europes most active volcano

19
Q

how many people live on the slopes of mount etna

A

over 900,000

20
Q

characteristics of the eruptions

A

mostly effusive
low viscosity lava flows

21
Q

what did slow moving lava threaten

A

to destroy property
e.g. grand hotel and astrophysics observatory

22
Q

what was used to redirect lava flows from inhabited areas

A

earth works

23
Q

what areas was threatened by the largest volume of lava

A

zafferana

24
Q

what was done to reduce the impact of these lava flows

A

earth dam built - temporarily hold the lava flow
rock and concrete blocks dropped to plug the lava channel
explosives used to divert the lava flow into new human-made channel

25
Q

what happened to the airport

A

intermitently forced to closed
due to ash fall

26
Q

what was the airport called

A

catania air port

27
Q

what happened in october 2002

A

most explosive flank eruption in the last 150 years
lava flows threatened the mountain village - Rifugio Sapienza

28
Q

what happened in november 2009

A

4.4 mag EQ beneath the SW flank

29
Q

what happened in april 2010

A

eruption increased the crater width from 10m to 50m

30
Q

where did sulphur dioxide plumes drift to

A

libya
egypt
iran
tunisia

GEOGRAPHY PAPER 1 - HAZARDS (9 decks)

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