key terms for hazards Flashcards
Adaptation
Attempts by people or communities to live with hazard events which lead to a reduction in vulnerability.
Fatalism
The belief that nothing can be done to affect the outcome of a hazard and thus little mitigation is put in place.
Natural hazards
Events perceived to be a threat to people, the built environment and natural environment.
Perception
The way in which an individual or a group view the threat of a hazard, which determines the influences.
Frequency
The distribution of a hazard through time.
Integrated risk management
Considering social, economic and political factors involved in risk analysis.
Magnitude
The assessment of the size of the impact of a hazard event.
Prediction
The ability to give warnings to reduce the impact of hazard events.
Primary effects
The effects of a hazard event resulting directly from the event.
Resilience
The ability of individuals and communities to use resources to respond to, withstand and recover from natural hazard events.
Secondary effects
The effects of a hazard event resulting from primary impacts of the event.
Lahars
Form when volcanic ash mixes with water and flows downhill.
Lava
Molten rock flowing onto the surface.
Lithosphere
The layer of the Earth consisting of the crust and the upper mantle.
Pyroclastic flows
Formed when hot gas mixes with tephra. Flow down the sides of a mountain at speeds of over 700km/h.
