Volcab Ch 16

Question 1

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 1

A general term that refers to hardening (and loss of elasticity) of arteries.

Question 2

Arthritis

Answer 2

Chronic inflammation of the joints.

Question 3

Atherosclerosis

Answer 3

1. Clogging, narrowing, and hardening of the body?s large arteries and medium-sized blood vessels. Atherosclerosis can lead to stroke, heart attack, eye problems, and kidney problems. 2. Buildup of fatty plaques in arteries that leads to narrowing and reduced blood flow.

Question 4

Cancer

Answer 4

Any of various types of malignant neoplasms, most of which invade surrounding tissues, may metastasize to several sites, and are likely to recur after attempted removal and to cause death of the patient unless adequately treated.

Question 5

Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Answer 5

The condition of altered airflow through the lungs, generally caused by airway obstruction as a result of mucus production.

Question 6

Hypercholesterolemia

Answer 6

Chronic high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.

Question 7

Hyperglycemia

Answer 7

Abnormally high blood sugar.

Question 8

Hyperlipidemia

Answer 8

Elevated levels of blood fats (e.g., triglycerides, cholesterol).

Question 9

Hypertension

Answer 9

Consistently elevated arterial blood pressure, which, if sustained at a high enough level, is likely to induce cardiovascular or end-organ damage.

Question 10

Intermittent Claudication

Answer 10

The manifestation of the symptoms caused by peripheral arterial disease.

Question 11

Joint Stiffness

Answer 11

Resistance to unwanted movement.

Question 12

Kyphosis

Answer 12

Exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic region of the spinal column resulting in a rounded upper back.

Question 13

Lower-Extremity Postural Distortion

Answer 13

An individual who has increased lumbar lordosis and an anterior pelvic tilt.

Question 14

Osteoarthritis

Answer 14

Arthritis in which cartilage becomes soft, frayed, or thins out, as a result of trauma or other conditions.

Question 15

Osteopenia

Answer 15

A decrease in the calcification or density of bone as well as reduced bone mass.

Question 16

Osteoporosis

Answer 16

Condition in which there is a decrease in bone mass and density as well as an increase in the space between bones, resulting in porosity and fragility.

Question 17

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Answer 17

A condition characterized by narrowing of the major arteries that are responsible for supplying blood to the lower extremities.

Question 18

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Answer 18

A group of diseases in which blood vessels become restricted or blocked, typically as a result of atherosclerosis.

Question 19

Pregnancy

Answer 19

The condition of a female who contains an unborn child within the body.

Question 20

Restrictive Lung Disease

Answer 20

The condition of a fibrous lung tissue, which results in a decreased ability to expand the lungs.

Question 21

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 21

Arthritis primarily affecting connective tissues, in which there is a thickening of articular soft tissue, and extension of synovial tissue over articular cartilages that have become eroded.

Question 22

Valsalva Maneuver

Answer 22

A maneuver in which a person tries to exhale forcibly with a closed glottis(windpipe) so that no air exits through the mouth or nose as, for example, in lifting a heavyweight. The Valsalva maneuver impedes the return of venous blood to the heart.