Volcab Ch 16 Flashcards
Arteriosclerosis
A general term that refers to hardening (and loss of elasticity) of arteries.
Arthritis
Chronic inflammation of the joints.
Atherosclerosis
- Clogging, narrowing, and hardening of the body?s large arteries and medium-sized blood vessels. Atherosclerosis can lead to stroke, heart attack, eye problems, and kidney problems. 2. Buildup of fatty plaques in arteries that leads to narrowing and reduced blood flow.
Cancer
Any of various types of malignant neoplasms, most of which invade surrounding tissues, may metastasize to several sites, and are likely to recur after attempted removal and to cause death of the patient unless adequately treated.
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
The condition of altered airflow through the lungs, generally caused by airway obstruction as a result of mucus production.
Hypercholesterolemia
Chronic high levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream.
Hyperglycemia
Abnormally high blood sugar.
Hyperlipidemia
Elevated levels of blood fats (e.g., triglycerides, cholesterol).
Hypertension
Consistently elevated arterial blood pressure, which, if sustained at a high enough level, is likely to induce cardiovascular or end-organ damage.
Intermittent Claudication
The manifestation of the symptoms caused by peripheral arterial disease.
Joint Stiffness
Resistance to unwanted movement.
Kyphosis
Exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic region of the spinal column resulting in a rounded upper back.
Lower-Extremity Postural Distortion
An individual who has increased lumbar lordosis and an anterior pelvic tilt.
Osteoarthritis
Arthritis in which cartilage becomes soft, frayed, or thins out, as a result of trauma or other conditions.
Osteopenia
A decrease in the calcification or density of bone as well as reduced bone mass.
Osteoporosis
Condition in which there is a decrease in bone mass and density as well as an increase in the space between bones, resulting in porosity and fragility.
Peripheral Arterial Disease
A condition characterized by narrowing of the major arteries that are responsible for supplying blood to the lower extremities.
Peripheral Vascular Disease
A group of diseases in which blood vessels become restricted or blocked, typically as a result of atherosclerosis.
Pregnancy
The condition of a female who contains an unborn child within the body.
Restrictive Lung Disease
The condition of a fibrous lung tissue, which results in a decreased ability to expand the lungs.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Arthritis primarily affecting connective tissues, in which there is a thickening of articular soft tissue, and extension of synovial tissue over articular cartilages that have become eroded.
Valsalva Maneuver
A maneuver in which a person tries to exhale forcibly with a closed glottis(windpipe) so that no air exits through the mouth or nose as, for example, in lifting a heavyweight. The Valsalva maneuver impedes the return of venous blood to the heart.
