voice disorders /treatment Flashcards
- small nodes that develop on vocal folds and protrude
- at first reddish and pinkish
- as they develop, turn whitish and grayish
- typically appear anterior ⅔ of folds or at junction of folds
- more pronounced at first but diffuse over time
- increase mass of folds causing slower vibration
- usually bilateral
vocal nodule
abuse disorder
- soft masses that grow and bulge
- may be filled with fluid or have vascular tissue
- tend to be unilateral
- can grow over time or happen instantly
- more frequently seen in adults than children
polyps
abuse disorder
- crater like sores of unlacerated, granulated tissue that develop
- usually bilateral
- usually along posterior third of glottal
contact ulcers
abuse disorder
- slow and gradual thickening of anterior 2/3s of folds
- precursor to nodules or polyps
vocal fold thickening
abuse disorder
-irritation to folds that causes swelling.
traumatic laryngitis
abuse disorder
:-Localized, inflammatory vascular lesion usually composed of granular tissue in a firm rounded sac
Granuloma
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
-similar to granulomas but soft, pliable and filled with blood
Hemangioma
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- benign growths of thick, whitish patches
- considered precancerous can develop into squamous cell carcinoma
Leukoplakia
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- rough , pinkish lesion
- often benign but precursors to malignancy
Hyperkeratosis
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- aka congenital laryngeal stridor
- soft, floppy cartilages
- when child breathes, epiglottis resists airstream causing stridor
Laryngomalacia
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
-narrowing of subglottic space
Subglottal Stenosis
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
-many kinds of injury
Laryngeal Trauma
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
-membrane that grows across anterior portion of epiglottis
Laryngeal Web
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- occur primarily in children
- wart like growths
- pink, white or both
Papilloma
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- focal laryngeal dystonia
- average onset is between 40-50
- reated by intermittent, involuntary, fleeting vocal fold abduction during phonation.
Abductor Spasmodic Dysphonia
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- gastric contents empty into esophagus w/o belching or vommiting
- can cause contact ulcers or other vocal fold changes
GERD
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- paralysis
- in unilateral paralysis, fold can be static toward midline or far from midline, causing aphonia
- bilaterial-when both fold paralyzed open, leads to aphonia. If paralyzed in adducted position, pt struggles for breath
- ankylosis-stiffening of joints of arytenoids
Paralysis and Ankylosis
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
- -aka laryngeal dyskinesia and episodic paroxysmal laryngospasm
- inappropriate closure/adduction of the true vocal folds during inhalation, exhalation, or both.
a. Paradoxical Vocal Fold Motion Disorder (PVFMD)
Physically and Neurologically Based Disorders of Phonation
Treatment texhniques:
Is designed to increase pulmonary output, improve glottic efficiency, reduce excessive muscular tension, and normalize the vibratory pattern during phonation.
a. Manual circumlaryngeal techniques
b. Accent method
c. LSVT
d. Expiratory muscle strength training
b. Accent method
Treatment texhniques:
improves respiratory strength during phonation. Increase in maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) can be trained with specific calibrated exercises over time, thus improving the relationship between respiration, phonation, and resonance
a. Manual circumlaryngeal techniques
b. Accent method
c. LSVT
d. Expiratory muscle strength training
d. Expiratory muscle strength training
Treatment texhniques:
help maximize phonatory and respiratory function using a set of simple tasks.
a. Manual circumlaryngeal techniques
b. Accent method
c. LSVT
d. Expiratory muscle strength training
c. LSVT
Treatment texhniques:
intended to reduce musculoskeletal tension and hyperfunction by re-posturing the larynx during phonation.
a. Manual circumlaryngeal techniques
b. Accent method
c. LSVT
d. Expiratory muscle strength training
a. Manual circumlaryngeal techniques
Treatment texhniques:
goal is to achieve the strongest, “cleanest” possible voice with the least effort and impact between the vocal folds to minimize the likelihood of injury and maximize the likelihood of vocal health
a. Vocal function exercises
b. Chant speech
c. Glottal fry
d. Resonant voice therapy-
E. Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises
F. Inhalation phonation
d. Resonant voice therapy-
Treatment texhniques:
a series of systematic voice manipulations designed to facilitate return to healthy voice function by strengthening and coordinating laryngeal musculature and improving efficiency of the relationship among airflow, vocal fold vibration, and supraglottic treatment of phonation
a. Vocal function exercises
b. Chant speech
c. Glottal fry
d. Resonant voice therapy-
E. Semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises
F. Inhalation phonation
a. Vocal function exercises
