Early Language Development

Question 1

Theories of Language Development

Answer 1

Behavioral Theory -Skinner (1957)

Nativist Theory-Chomsky

Social interactionism theory- Vygotsky

Cognitive theory -Piaget

Question 2

Cognitive theory

Answer 2

Piaget

Language acquisition is made possible by cognition and general intellectual processes

Question 3

Social interactionism theory

Answer 3

• language use to structure actions and direct.
• language developed because people are motivated to develop relationshsips

Zone of proximal development: difference between what a child can do with/without assistance

Vygotsky

Question 4

Nativist Theory

Answer 4

Chomsky

• syntax
• -innate capacity to learn language
• language acquisition device
• surface and deep structure

Question 5

Behavioral Theory

Answer 5

skinner

• Acquisition of verbal behavior
• cquired under conditions of stimulation, response and reinforcement
• Due to learning not innate mechanisms
• Environment and social interaction are important

Question 6

What is syntax?

Answer 6

sentence structure

Question 7

passive sentences

Answer 7

subject receives action of the verb

the car was petted by Mark

Question 8

active

Answer 8

Subject performs the actions of the verb

mark petted the cat

Question 9

interrogatives

Answer 9

questions

Question 10

declaratives

Answer 10

make statements

Question 11

imperatives

Answer 11

state commands

shut the door

Question 12

exclamatory

Answer 12

express trong feeling

I never said that!

Question 13

Define a compound sentence

Answer 13

two or more independent clauses joined by a comma and a conjunction or semicolon

(The policeman held up the sign, and the cars stopped. )

Question 14

Define complex sentence

Answer 14

One independent clause and one or more dependent or subordinate clauses

(I will drive my car to Reno if I have enough gas)

Question 15

Semantics

Answer 15

study of meaning

Question 16

Imaginative

Answer 16

Pretend play

Question 17

Heuristic

Answer 17

Children attempt to have their environment and events in their environment explained (Why?)

Question 18

Regulatory

Answer 18

Attempt to control the behavior of others

Question 19

Personal

Answer 19

Express own feelings

Question 20

informative

Answer 20

Tell someone something

Question 21

instrumental

Answer 21

Attempt to get things from others

Question 22

interactional

Answer 22

Initiate interactions with others

Question 23

When do functions of communicative intent develop?

Answer 23

9-18 months

Question 24

Browns stage 3

Answer 24

irregular past tense
possessive s
uncontractible cop (“who’s sick?” “he is”)

Question 25

Brown's stage 4

Answer 25

articles regular past -ed regular third person s

Question 26

Brown's stage 5

Answer 26

irregular third person uncon aux con cop con aux

Question 27

Clinician is treating a student. She is saying "she is ON the table" and "he is beside the desk". What is she targeting?

Answer 27

locatives.

Question 28

A child says "down" when a cup of juice spills on the floor. What relation are they using?

Answer 28

locative action.

Question 29

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: Attribution

Answer 29

child uses adjective to describe "big hat"

Question 30

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: Action

Answer 30

Child requests or labels an action "kitty run" or "open box"

Question 31

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: locative action

Answer 31

refers to change in objects position "there doggy" or "ball up"

Question 32

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: Existence

Answer 32

Child attends to idtem or object present in enviroment "What's that" or "this ktty"

Question 33

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: nonexistence

Answer 33

Child expects action or object to be present when it is not. "all gone juice" or "bye-bye mommy"

Question 34

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: denial

Answer 34

child denies a statement or previous utterance (i.e. in response to someone saying "is this a kitty?" "no kitty"

Question 35

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: rejection

Answer 35

Child does not ant somethign to happen "no bath"

Question 36

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: possession

Answer 36

child identified something as belonging to him or her or another person "his block"

Question 37

Relations expressed by Single Word Utterance: recurrence

Answer 37

an even happens again "more cookie"

Question 38

Piagets stages of development

Answer 38

sensorimotor (0-2) preiperational (2-7) conrete operational (7-11) formal operations (more than 11 years olf)

Question 39

Piagets stages of development: (cognitive theory) - child is egocentric - overextends - underextends - displys concreteness of thought - displays lack of conservaton

Answer 39

preiperational (2-7)

Question 40

Piagets stages of development: - child uses words when referents are not present - child uses thooughts to solve problems - basic cause-effect relations are acquired - child uses symbolic play

Answer 40

sensorimotor (0-2)

Question 41

Piagets stages of development: - less egocentric - acquires seiation and conversation skills - uses effective classification skills - eploys logical causualty

Answer 41

conrete operational (7-11)

Question 42

Piagets stages of development: - displays lack of egocentricity - ability to think and speak in the abstract - uses inductive and deductive thought processes - verbal reasoing to make if then statements - hypothetical reasoning

Answer 42

formal operations (more than 11 years olf)

Question 43

presupposition

Answer 43

phrases that have shared meaning for listener and speaker

Question 44

Embedded forms

Answer 44

rearrange of add elements within sentences

Question 45

Gerunds

Answer 45

a noun form produced by adding -ing. Ex. Fish to fishing

Question 46

Semantic categories

Answer 46

Recurrence-more Rejection-no Casualty-cause and effect

Question 47

Child directed speech-

Answer 47

aka motherese, helps babies attend and respond

Question 48

2 factors related to speech and language development

Answer 48

amount of talking, responsiveness of caregiver

Question 49

Line of regard

Answer 49

what infant is looking at

Question 50

Joint reference

Answer 50

ability to focus on an object or person direction by another person

Question 51

Holophrastic

Answer 51

one word represents whole phrase

Question 52

what is a copula?

Answer 52

only verb

Question 53

what is an auxillary verb?

Answer 53

support verb

Question 54

what does it mean when "un" is before aux or con?

Answer 54

no other verb in response

Question 55

What is an example of a regular third person?

Answer 55

katy hits

Question 56

An example of irregular 3rd person?

Answer 56

has, does

Question 57

What is a first step towar production of a cohesive narrative?

Answer 57

must be able to connect a collection of ideas together.