Dementia Flashcards
Language Symptoms:
Verbal and literal paraphasias Problems comprehending abstract meanings Impaired picture description Echolalia Palilalia Logoclonia (repeating the final syllable of words) empty jargon
Alzhemier Language Symptoms:
General Symptoms:
- severe problems recalling remote and recent events
- widespread intellectual deterioration
- Hyperactivity
- Restlessness
- Agitation
- Seizures
- Paranoia, delusions, hallucinations
- Aggression
Later-stage symptoms
Language Symptoms:
Slow speech Moderate naming difficulties Severe difficulty repeating phrases and sentences Impaired sentence comprehension Behavioral changes
Logopenic PPA
Causes:
Infectious dementia:
HIV, Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Causes:
Dementia with Parkinson’s
- Basal ganglia
- Presence of Lewy Bodies
- Frontal lobe atrophy
- Reduced inhibitory dopamine
- Neurofibrillary tangles and plaques (as found in AD)
Language Symptoms:
Loss of word meaning Excessive and disinhibited speech Visual agnosia and prosopagnosia Behavior changes Shorter sentences
Semantic
Primary Progressive Aphasia
Causes:
Dementia with Huntington’s
Loss of neurons in basal ganglia
Atrophy in prefrontal and parietal lobes
Reduced inhibitory transmitters, especially GABA
Causes:
Alzheimer Type
- Neurofibrillary tangles
- neuritic plaques
- neuronal loss
- Neurochemical changes
Language Symptoms:
- Deterioration of intellectual functions
- Impaired word list generation
- Naming problems
- D-ysarthria
- Incontinence, sleep disturbances
- muteness
Dementia with Huntington’s
Causes:
Primary Progressive Aphasia
Frontotemporal lobes
General Symptoms:
Chorea Tic like movements Gait Slow movement Behavior disorders
Dementia with Huntington’s
General Symptoms:
Bradykinesia Tremors o Muscle rigidity Mask like face Reduced eye blinking Swallowing
Dementia with Parkinson’s
General Symptoms:
behavior changes initially
emotional disturbances
Impaired judgement
Frontotemporal Dementia (INcluding Pick’s Disease)
Language Symptoms:
Better preserved memory Loss of vocabulary Difficulty defining common words Limited spontaneous speech impaired comprehension
Frontotemporal Dementia (INcluding Pick’s Disease)
Language Symptoms:
Anomia
Word finding
Apraxia
Memory and cog preserved until 2 years post onset
Nonfluent Primary Progressive Aphasia
Language Symptoms:
Reduced volume Monopitch and monoloudness Pauses Slow, fast or festinating speech rate Dysarthric speech Serious memory, abstract reasoning and problem solving Impaired naming and language comprehension Apathy, hallucinations, delirium
Dementia with Parkinson’s
Causes:
Frontotemporal Dementia (INcluding Pick’s Disease)
Presence of pick bodies
Degeneration of nerve cells in left and right frontal lobes, temporal lobe or both lobes in 2 hemispheres
Another term for dementia?
corticol
