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Drama > Vocal Clarity > Flashcards

Vocal Clarity Flashcards

1
Q

What is unnecessary tension

A

Wasted energy kept in the body not used for communication

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2
Q

What is posture

A

The alignment of the spine

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3
Q

What is neutral posture

A 
Chin in line with the floor
Back of neck stretched upwards 
Shoulders back and wide
Spine is long
Hands hang loosely 
Knees are soft 
Feet under hips , point forward
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4
Q

What does posture effect (2)

A

The delivery of your voice and the amount of air that goes into your lungs

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5
Q

What happens when your spine is curved forward

A

Your voice will be constricted , you will sound short of breath

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6
Q

What should an actress do to focus on her voice , what does this then require

A

Make sure you are relaxed and free of unnecessary tension , this requires a constant harmony between the muscles

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7
Q

What is relaxation connected to and why

A

It is connected to breathing and phonation because our voices are sensitive to any feeling of unease

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8
Q

How does tension push your voice up in pitch and why

A

By constructing the throat , you breath tends to sound shallow because tension also constricts your ribs and lungs therefor when you lie you sound high pitched

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9
Q

What is breathing

A

The process of inhalation and exhalation

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10
Q

What activity is breathing made by and affected by what

A

Physical activity , made by and affected by the body

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11
Q

What is the main source of energy for our voices

A

Provided by the airstream expelled from our lungs

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12
Q

What are the sounds we make controlled by

A

The capacity of our lungs and by the muscles contacting their action

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13
Q

What breathing patterns can affect vocal characterization

A

Habitual breathing patterns

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14
Q

What will affect the breathing of a character

A

Emotion , age , medical conditions (asthma) thus affecting vocal charaterization

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15
Q

What is the spine made of

A

A series of vertebrae , from each vertebrae pairs of ribs pass down and connect to the sternum .

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16
Q

What are intercostal muscles

A

Muscles in between the ribs that contract during inhalation

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17
Q

What is the diaphragm

A

A dome shaped muscle that divides the chest and abdomen

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18
Q

What is the diaphragm connected to

A

It is attached to the bottom of the lungs and also contacts during inhalation

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19
Q

What is the passage of breath

A
  1. Air enters the mouth and noise
  2. Passes through the pharynx (throat) into the larynx (voice box )
  3. Passes into the trachea (windpipe) divides into 2 bronchi which enter the 2 lungs
  4. On exhalation the air passes in the same order reversed
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20
Q

What is the breathing process

A
  1. Diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
  2. Lungs are pulled downward and outward
  3. Air is inhaled (drawn into lungs)
  4. Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
  5. Lungs pushed upward
  6. Air is exhaled (expelled out lungs)
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21
Q

What does breath control imply

A

Control of the outgoing breath , as it is the breath that serves as a source of energy for the voice

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22
Q

What is passive breathing

A

The unconscious breathing action we perform all the time

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23
Q

What is clavicular breathing

A

Breathing that is restricted to the upper chest - shallow breathing accompanied by raised shoulders , not encouraged for performance

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24
Q

What is intercostal diaphragmatic breathing

A

Optimal breathing that engages the controlled contractions of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm for maximum breath capacity

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25
Q

What is phonation

A

The production of sound

Process of air stream being modified to become speech sounds

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26
Q

What is the larynx

A

The voice box that rests on top of the trachea and is made up of bine , cartilage and tissue .

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27
Q

Where are the vocal chords situated

A

Inside the larynx attached to the front beneath the Adam’s apple

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28
Q

What is the glottis

A

The opening between the vocal folds , through which the air stream passes as it expels from the trachea

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29
Q

What is the epiglottis

A

A leaf shaped piece of cartilage takes an upright position resting against the base of the tounge during breathing and phonation

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30
Q

What does the epiglottis do

A

When swallowing food or water the epiglottis closes the opening of the trachea so that food and water don’t enter the windpipe

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31
Q

What do vocal chords look like

A

Vocal folds or lips

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32
Q

What happens when you make sound

A

Your brain sends messages through the nervous system to activate the vocal chords and bring them closer together

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33
Q

What does the source of energy provided by your breath from your lungs result in

A

The movement of the vocal chords creating vibrations which are heard as sound

34
Q

What do the vocal chords do

A

Chop up your breath into a series of rapid puffs

35
Q

How many time does your vocal chords open approximately per second for each voice

A

256 times for a medium to dark voice colour

426 times for a lite voice colour

36
Q

What is projection

A

The amplification of your voice , using good breath control , resonance and articulation so that you are heard effectively from the stage

37
Q

What is resonance

A

The intensification and enriching of sound by vibration in the resonating chambers

38
Q

What are the resonating chambers

A

Mouth , nasal , throat and chest cavities

39
Q

What skills are required for an actress to be heard regardless of the stage and length of phrase

A

Intercostal diaphragmatic breathing
Resonance
Articulation

40
Q

Why is intercostal diaphragmatic breathing important (actress)

A

To have a clear , strong voice the air must be exhaled under controlled pressure it is good for an actress as it maximizes her ability to create sound

41
Q

What is relaxation

A

Your body is free , ready for action and alert without unnecessary tension

42
Q

Why is resonance good for an actress

A

To ensure a well projected voice and rounded tone

43
Q

When does resonance generally occur

A

When we create vowel sounds

44
Q

What are vowel sounds known as

A

Sounds of emotion

45
Q

Why is articulation goof for an actress

A

An actress must articulate active in order to be understood

46
Q

What are the organs of articulation

A

Lips , jaw , teeth , alveolar , ridge , palate and toung

47
Q

What is articulation

A

The process of when the articulation organs shape sound and breath into consonants and vowels which in turn creates words and phrases

48
Q

Why do people generally speak differently

A

People are attributed to articulation organs in particular ways

49
Q

What are vowels

A

Vocalized breath that pass through the mouth uninterrupted

50
Q

What are vowels connected to and why

A

Resonance ,as they are all created through intense vibrations inside many of the resonating cavities

51
Q

What is the shaping of vowel sounds

A

Enunciation

52
Q

What 2 factors are vowels created by

A

Degree of lip rounding , placement of tounge

53
Q

What do consonants do

A

Cut up continues vowel sounds and shape them into words

54
Q

Why do consonants need to be articulated well

A

So your speech is clear and crisp

55
Q

What is the shaping of consonants sounds called

A

Articulation

56
Q

What are consonants created by (2)

A

Place where sound is created and voiced (vibration) or voiceless (no vibration)

57
Q

What is vocal tone

A

The characteristic quality of the tone of voice which portrays the emotion state or attitude of speaker

58
Q

What is vocal tone simialer to and why

A

Habitual pitch as they both reflect the characteristic pitch someone usually speaks in , but it is also associated with feelings and tends to show emotional state of speaker

59
Q

What is PIPER

A

Pitch , inflection , pause , emphasis and rate

60
Q

Pitch?

A

The pitch of your voice can be high , medium , low depending on the number of cycles of vibrations per second

61
Q

What can an actress change her pitch for

A

To show emotion , to present a certain character

62
Q

What feelings makes your pitch go up

A

Nervous , angry , scared , exited

63
Q

What feelings make your pitch go down

A

Serious or discreet

64
Q

What does changing your pitch bring to a performance

A

Variety and richness and adding meaning to your performance

65
Q

What is inflection

A

The gentle rise and fall of the voice on syllables

66
Q

What is a syllable

A

A unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound with or without surrounding consonants forming whole or part of a word .

67
Q

What is inflection similar to

A

Pitch , but in pitch your voice goes up and down in pitch this is a rise and fall associated with changing meaning of sentence

68
Q

What is an upward inflection

A

Used on the last syllable on the word of a sentence intended to be a question

69
Q

What is a downward inflection

A

Is used on the last syllable of the last word in a sentence inted to be a statement

70
Q

What is a pause

A

A rest or stop in the voice

71
Q

What are the 3 factors that affect rythem of speechv

A

Emphasis , rate , pause

72
Q

What can pause be used to show

A 
Show emotion 
To create a phrase for meaning 
To indicate important words 
To create a dramatic effect
Allow audience to take in what has been said
73
Q

What are the 3 main types of pause

A 
Breath pause 
Sense pause (punctuation )
Dramatic pause (suspense )
74
Q

What is emphasis

A

Stress or weight given to a word to make it sound more important

75
Q

What does emphasis effect

A

Rythem as the habitual use of emphasis can indicate the rythem of a characters natural speech pattern

76
Q

How can we indicate emphasis

A 
To press on a word 
To pause before or after a word
To spell out the word
To slide the word
Adding a gesture to the word
77
Q

What is rate / pace

A

The speed at which words are utterd

78
Q

What does a fast pase indicate

A

Scared , nervouse , angry

79
Q

What does a slow pace indicate

A

Depressed , sad , relaxed , peacfull

80
Q

What does rate affect

A

The rythem of the characters voice as it will affect how they are feeling and where they are from

Drama (6 decks)

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