Vocal 1

Question 1

Linguistic Competence

Answer 1

“hidden” knowledge of languages

Question 2

Linguistics Performance

Answer 2

the way that they produce and comprehend language

Question 3

Performance Error

Answer 3

When using language and are unable to remember, mispronounce, or jumble a word

Question 4

Speech Communication Chain

Answer 4

Communication steps used to add to the ability of understanding or interfering with communication to another

Question 5

Speech Communication Chain Steps

Answer 5

Key elements in communication chain: information source, transmitter, a signal, a receiver, and destination

Question 6

Noise

Answer 6

Interference in the communication chain

Question 7

Lexicon

Answer 7

Collection of all the words that you know: functions, refer to, pronunciation, and words they are related to

Question 8

Mental Grammar

Answer 8

Rules of your language storage space

Question 9

Language Variation

Answer 9

No two speakers are the same; variation in communication style

Question 10

Descriptive Grammar

Answer 10

Rules that someone has deduced based off observing linguistic performance

Question 11

Evidence that writing and language are not the same

Answer 11

4 reasons:

• Writing does not exist everywhere
• Writing can be edited
• Writing has to be taught
• Archeological evidence

Question 12

Reasons some people believe writing to be superior to speech

Answer 12

3 reasons:

• Writing is more physically stable
• Writing can be edited
• Writing must be taught

Question 13

Prescriptive Grammar

Answer 13

correct or proper way to use a language based off an idea or good or bad

Question 14

Prescribe

Answer 14

being told/given the correct way to use language

Question 15

Charles Hockett’s 9 design features

Answer 15

1. Mode of Communication
2. Semanticity
3. Pragmatic Function
4. Interchangeability
5. Cultural Transmission
6. Arbitrariness
7. Discreteness
8. Displacement
9. Productivity

Question 16

Mode of Communication

Answer 16

the mean by which the message are transmitted or received

Question 17

Semanticity

Answer 17

property requiring that all signals in a communication system have a meaning or function

Question 18

Pragmatic Function

Answer 18

the useful purpose communication systems must have

Question 19

Interchangeability

Answer 19

the ability of individuals who can receive and transmit messages

Question 20

Cultural Transmission

Answer 20

aspects of language that can be acquired by communicative interaction with other users of the system

Question 21

Arbitrariness

Answer 21

group connection of sounds and signs that gives its form or meaning

Question 22

Linguistic Sign

Answer 22

combination of meaning and form

Question 23

Convention

Answer 23

where a certain group of sounds goes with a particular meaning

Question 24

Non arbitrariness

Answer 24

the opposite of arbitrariness

Question 25

Iconic

Answer 25

form represents meaning directly “picture-like”

Question 26

Onomatopoeia

Answer 26

sounds associated with nature

Question 27

Conventionalized

Answer 27

form of sound for speakers

Question 28

Sound Symbolism

Answer 28

words that abstractly suggest a more physical sound

Question 29

Discreteness

Answer 29

the property of language that allows us to combine together discrete units in order to create larger communication units

Question 30

Displacement

Answer 30

the ability of language to communicate about things, actions, or ideas that are not present in space or time while speakers are communicating

Question 31

Productivity

Answer 31

languages capacity for novel messages to be built up out of discrete units

Question 32

Modality

Answer 32

mode of communication

Question 33

Myths about signed languages

Answer 33

List 3:

• sign language v. manual codes
• sign language v. pantomime
• universality of sign language

Question 34

differences between codes and languages

Answer 34

1. structure
2. native speakers
3. morphemes
4. differences in English transmission