Chapter 4 -Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

Affix

A

bound morpheme that attaches to a stem

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2
Q

Affixation

A

process of forming words by adding affixes to morphemes

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3
Q

Agglutinating Language

A

a type of synthetic language in which the relationships between words in a sentence are indicated primarily by bound morphemes

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4
Q

Allomorph

A

one of a set of nondistinctive realizations of a particular morpheme that have the same functional are phonetically similar

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5
Q

Alternation

A

in phonology, a difference between 2 or more phonetic forms that one might expect to be related

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6
Q

Ambiguity

A

the phenomenon by which a single linguistic form can be the form of more than one distinct linguistic expression

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7
Q

Analytic Language

A

type of language in which most words consist of one morpheme and sentences are composed of sequence of these free morphemes

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8
Q

Bound Morpheme

A

morpheme that always attaches to other morphemes, never existing as a word itself

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9
Q

Bound Root

A

morpheme that has some associated basic meaning, but that is unable to stand alone as a word in its own right

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10
Q

Closed Lexical Category

A

lexical category in which the members are fairly rigidly established and additions are made very rarely and only over long periods of time

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11
Q

Compounding

A

word formation process by which are formed through combining two or more independent words

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12
Q

Conjunction

A

a lexical category that consists of function words such as and, but, however, etc

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13
Q

Content Morpheme

A

morpheme that carries semantic content

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14
Q

Content Word

A

a word whose primary purpose is to contribute semantic content to the phrase in which it occurs

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15
Q

Derivation

A

in phonology, a process by which an underlying form is changed as phonological rules act upon it

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16
Q

Determiner

A

the name of a lexical category and a syntactic category that consists of expressions such as the, a, this, all, etc.

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17
Q

Form

A

the structure or shape of any particular linguistic item, form individual segments to strings of words

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18
Q

Free Morpheme

A

a morpheme that can stand alone as a word

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19
Q

Function Morpheme

A

morpheme that provides information about the grammatical relationships between words in a sentence

20
Q

Function Word

A

a word that has little semantic content and whose primary purpose is to indicate grammatical relationships between other words within a phrase

21
Q

Fusional Language

A

a type of synthetic language in which the relationships between the words in a sentence are indicated by bound morphemes that are difficult to separate form the stem

22
Q

Hierarchical Structure

A

the dominance relationship among morphemes in a word, or among constituents in a phrase

23
Q

Homophony

A

2 or more morphemes or nonphrasal linguistics expressions have the same form

24
Q

Incorporation

A

morphological process by which several distinct semantic components are combined into a single word in a polysynthetic language

25
Infix
type of bound morpheme thats inserted in the middle of the stem
26
Inflection
a morphological process whereby the form of a word is modified to indicate some grammatically relevant info
27
input
linguistic form before the application of a rule or a set of rules
28
Lexical category
class of words grouped together based on morphological properties
29
Lexicon
a mental repository of linguistic info about words and other lexical expressions
30
Morpheme
smallest linguistics unit that has a meaning or grammatical function
31
Morphology
the study of how words are constructed out of morphemes
32
Open Lexical Category
lexical category into which new members are often introduced
33
Output
linguistic form obtained after an application of a rule or a set of rules
34
Partial Reduplication
morphological reduplication in which only part of a morpheme is reduplicated
35
Polysynthetic Language
a type of language that attaches several affixes to a stem to indicate grammatical relationships
36
Prefix
affix that attaches to the beginning stem
37
Preposition
name of lexical category and syntactic category that consists of phrase such as of, in, for, with, etc
38
Productive
describes a rule that can be applied in novel situations to produce novel grammatical forms
39
Pronoun
lexical category consists of I, she, us, etc
40
Reduplicant
morpheme or part of a morpheme that is repeated in reduplication
41
Reduplication
process of forming new words by doubling an entire word or part of a word
42
Root
free morpheme or bound root in a word that contributes most semantic content to the word, and to which affixes can attach
43
Simultaneous Affix
an affix that is articulated at the same time as some other affix or affixes in a words stem; exists only in visual gestural languages
44
Stem
the base to which some affix is added
45
Suffix
affix that attaches to the end of a stem
46
Suppletion
morphological process between forms of a word wherein one form cannot be phonologically or morphologically derived from the other