Vocabulary Words

Question 1

Sheik

Answer 1

The patriarch of a tribe or family; chief: a term of polite address

Question 2

Quran

Answer 2

means Koran

Question 3

Islam

Answer 3

means The religious faith of Muslims, based on the words and religious system founded by the prophet Muhammad and taught by the Koran.

Question 4

Hijab

Answer 4

A traditional scarf worn by Muslim women to cover the hair and neck and sometimes the face.

Question 5

Haj

Answer 5

The pilgrimage to Mecca, which every adult Muslim is supposed to make at least once in his or her lifetime: the fifth of the Pillars of Islam.

Question 6

Bedouin

Answer 6

An Arab of the desert, in Asia or Africa; nomadic Arab.

Question 7

Jihad

Answer 7

A holy war undertaken as a sacred duty by Muslims.

Question 8

Mosque

Answer 8

A Muslim temple or place of public worship.

Question 9

Muhammad

Answer 9

Arab prophet: founder of Islam.

Question 10

Abu-Bakr

Answer 10

A.D. 573-634, Muhammad’s father-in-law and successor: first caliph of Mecca 632-634.

Question 11

Mu’āwiyah

Answer 11

First caliph of the Omayyad dynasty of Damascus.

Question 12

Sunni

Answer 12

One of the two main branches of Islam, commonly described as orthodox, and differing from Shia in its understanding of the Sunna and in its acceptance of the first three caliphs.

Question 13

Shiite

Answer 13

An adherent of the Shia branch of Islam.

Question 14

Caliph

Answer 14

The chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad.

Question 15

The Moors

Answer 15

A member of a northwestern African Muslim people of mixed Berber and Arab descent.

Question 16

Astrolabe

Answer 16

An instrument formerly used to make astronomical measurements, typically of the altitudes of celestial bodies, and in navigation for calculating latitude, before the development of the sextant.

Question 17

Mecca

Answer 17

The birthplace of Muhammad, and thus the holiest city for Muslims.

Question 18

Medina

Answer 18

The old Arab or non-European quarter of a North African town.

Question 19

The Five Pillars

Answer 19

The five bases of the Islamic faith: shahada (confession of faith), salat (prayer), zakat (almsgiving), sawm (fasting, especially during the month of Ramadan), and hajj (the pilgrimage to Mecca).

Question 20

Kadijah

Answer 20

Trustworthy

Question 21

Hadith

Answer 21

A traditional account of things said or done by Muhammad or his companions

Question 22

Ulama

Answer 22

The doctors of Muslim religion and law

Question 23

Caliphate

Answer 23

The rank, jurisdiction, or government of a caliph

Question 24

Ummayad

Answer 24

A member of a Muslim dynasty that ruled the Islamic world from AD 660 (or 661) to 750 and Moorish Spain from 756 to 1031.

Question 25

Abbasid

Answer 25

Of or relating to a dynasty of caliphs who ruled in Baghdad from 750 to 1258.

Question 26

Baghdad

Answer 26

The capital of the Republic of Iraq.

Question 27

Dowry

Answer 27

Property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.

Question 28

Harem

Answer 28

(in former times) The separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.

Question 29

Translation Movement

Answer 29

A movement started in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad which translated many Greek classics into Arabic.