Vocabulary EDT Flashcards

Question

ubiquitous ubiquitär

Answer 1

ubiquitous adjective formal or humorous UK /juːˈbɪk.wɪ.təs/ US /juːˈbɪk.wə.t̬əs/ Add to word list seeming to be everywhere: Leather is very much in fashion this season, as is the ubiquitous denim. The Swedes are not alone in finding their language under pressure from the ubiquitous spread of English. The mobile phone, that most ubiquitous of consumer-electronic appliances, is about to enter a new age. ubiqui·tous [ju:ˈbɪkwɪtəs, Am -wət̬əs] ADJ ubiquitous allgegenwärtig geh ubiquitous omnipräsent

Answer 2

niche [nitʃ, niːʃ] ♦ noun 1 a hollow in a wall for a statue, ornament etc . تو رفتگى در ديوار 2 a suitable place in life: He found his niche in engineering. شایسته niche noun [ C ] UK /niːʃ/ US /nɪtʃ/ niche noun [C] (POSITION) Add to word list a job or position that is very suitable for someone, especially one that they like: He has carved/made a niche for himself as a financial advisor. an area or position that is exactly suitable for a small group of the same type: an ecological niche

Answer 3

underpin verb [ T ] UK /ˌʌn.dəˈpɪn/ US /ˌʌn.dɚˈpɪn/ -nn- Add to word list ARCHITECTURE formal or specialized to give support, strength, or a basic structure to something: He presented data to underpin his argument. Gradually the laws that underpinned (= formed part of the basic structure of) apartheid were abolished. When restoring the building, the first priority was to underpin the exterior walls by adding wooden supports along the foundations.

Answer 4

fierce [fiəs] ♦ adjective 1 very angry and likely to attack: a fierce dog; a fierce expression. درنده 2 intense or strong: fierce rivals. شدید؛ قوی ˈfiercely ♦ adverb با درنده خویی؛ به شدت dogged/fierce/ruthless determination zähe/wilde/rücksichtslose Entschlossenheit to stir up a fierce/heated controversy zu heftigen Kontroversen Anlass geben the Labour vote held up despite fierce opposition Labour konnte sich trotz starker Opposition behaupten [o. durchsetzen] fierce combat [or fighting] erbitterter Kampf fierce competition erbarmungslose [o. scharfe] Konkurrenz

Answer 5

procure [prəˈkjuə] ♦ verb to get or obtain: He managed to procure a car. بدست آوردن procure verb formal UK /prəˈkjʊər/ US /prəˈkjʊr/ Add to word list [ T ] to get something, especially after an effort: She's managed somehow to procure his phone number. [ + two objects ] He'd procured us seats in the front row.

Answer 6

co-determination noun [ U ] MANAGEMENT, HR UK US Add to word list a system in which both managers and workers are involved in making important decisions for a company: No other country has gone as far as Germany, although most big EU members have some sort of co-determination.

Answer 7

dispositive adjective LAW US specialized UK /dɪsˈpɒz.ə.tɪv/ US /dɪsˈpɑː.zə.t̬ɪv/ Add to word list deciding a matter finally, or relating to the process of doing this: No single factor is ordinarily dispositive. The surveyor left off the original boundary lines, and that proved to be the dispositive fact in this appeal.

Answer 8

reliable adjective UK /rɪˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/ US /rɪˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/ Add to word list B1 Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or it works or behaves well in the way you expect: Is your watch reliable? reliable information Gideon is very reliable - if he says he'll do something, he'll do it. Opposite

Answer 9

Compliance noun [ U ] formal UK /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/ US /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/ (also compliancy) Add to word list the act of obeying a law or rule, especially one that controls a particular industry or type of work: It is the job of the inspectors to enforce compliance with the regulations. The company said that it had always acted in compliance with environmental laws. They will conduct yearly audits to ensure compliancy with the latest regulations. the act of doing everything that someone tells or wants you to do: It's his compliance that amazes me. They give orders and they expect absolute compliance. The parents use positive reinforcement to gain their child's compliancy.

Answer 10

inventory [ˈinvəntri, (American) ˈinvənˌto:ri]– plural ˈinventories – ♦ noun a formal and detailed list of goods eg house furniture. فهرست موجودی Inventar nt <-s, -e> inventory Bestandsliste f

Answer 11

depreciation noun [ U ] UK /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ US /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ Add to word list the process of losing value Compare

Answer 12

amortization noun [ U ] (UK usually amortisation) UK /əˌmɔː.tɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ US /æmˌɔːr.t̬əˈzeɪ.ʃən/ Add to word list the process of reducing a cost or total in regular small amounts: This number represents the company’s value before depreciation and amortization. These are the bi-weekly dates for the loan amortization.

Answer 13

(FINANCE) to show in a company's accounts (= financial records) that something is worth less than it was before: The building cost £700,000 to build, but it was written down to £300,000.

Answer 14

affiliate noun [ C ] UK /əˈfɪl.i.ət/ US /əˈfɪl.i.ət/ an organization that is connected with or controlled by another, usually larger, organization: Our college is an affiliate of the university. affiliate verb [ T ] UK /əˈfɪl.i.eɪt/ US /əˈfɪl.i.eɪt/ Add to word list to cause a group to become part of or form a close relationship with another, usually larger, group, or organization: a college affiliated to the University of Mumbai The school is affiliated with a national association of driving schools.

Answer 15

defer1 [diˈfəː]– past tense, past participle deˈferred – ♦ verb to put off to another time: They can defer their departure. به تاخیر انداختن defer verb [ T ] UK /dɪˈfɜːr/ US -rr- Add to word list to delay something until a later time: defer action/a decision The committee decided to defer a decision on the takeover bid until a later date. defer tax/payment defer doing sth The scheme enables investors to defer paying taxes on the gain.

Answer 16

offset verb [ T ] UK /ˌɒfˈset/ US offsetting | offset | offset Add to word list to balance one effect against an opposing effect, so that there is no great difference as a result: The price of petrol products was offset by a decline in motor vehicle prices. offset sth against sth Offset any losses against your overall income. offset FIN: to offset sth etw ausgleichen [o. aufrechnen] to offset a disadvantage einen Nachteil aufwiegen to offset sth against tax Aus, Brit etw von der Steuer absetzen to offset sth by sth etw durch etw Akk ausgleichen

Answer 17

accrual noun UK /əˈkruːəl/ US Add to word list [ C or U ] FINANCE an increase in an amount of money over a period of time: accrual of sth The accrual of interest begins when the funds are credited to the account.

Answer 18

loft [loft] ♦ noun a room or space under a roof: They kept a lot of spare furniture in the loft. اتاق زیر شیروانی ˈlofty ♦ adjective 1 very high: a lofty building. رفیع 2 haughty or proud: a lofty attitude. مغرورانه ˈloftily ♦ adverb . با مناعت ˈloftiness ♦ noun . مناعت؛ بلندی C2 a space at the top of a building under the roof used for storing things and usually entered by a ladder, or sometimes made into a room for living in: The firm specializes in loft conversions (= making lofts into rooms). n upper floor or room an apartment in a large building that was previously used for industry Fewer examples I keep my old books in the loft. I think I'll stow the camping equipment away in the loft until next summer. There are rats in our loft. We are planning to convert our loft into an office. He climbed the ladder into the loft.

Answer 19

subsequent [ˈsabsikwənt] ♦ adjective following or coming after: His misbehaviour and subsequent dismissal from the firm were reported in the newspaper. بعدي ˈsubsequently ♦ adverb afterwards: He escaped from prison but was subsequently recaptured. بعدا subsequent to after: The child became ill subsequent to receiving an injection against measles. بعد subsequent adjective UK /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt/ US /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt/ Add to word list C1 happening after something else: The book discusses his illness and subsequent resignation from politics. Those explosions must have been subsequent to our departure, because we didn't hear anything. subsequent (resulting) [nach]folgend subsequent (resulting) anschließend subsequent (later) später subsequent events confirm original doubts spätere Ereignisse bestätigen die anfänglichen Zweifel subsequent to sth im Anschluss an etw Akk

Answer 20

evolve [iˈvolv] ♦ verb to (cause to) develop gradually: Man evolved from the apes. تکامل یافتن evolution [iːvəˈluːʃən, (American) e-] ♦ noun 1 gradual working out or development: the evolution of our form of government. تکامل؛ تحول 2 the development of the higher kinds of animals (eg man), plants etc , from the lower kinds: Darwin's theory of evolution. تکامل evolutionary [iːvəˈluːʃənəri, (American) e-] ♦ adjective . تکاملی

Answer 21

US UK narrow [ˈnӕrəu] ♦ adjective 1 having or being only a small distance from side to side: a narrow road; The bridge is too narrow for large lorries to cross. درازوباریک 2 only just managed: a narrow escape. درازوباریک 3 (of ideas, interests or experience) not extensive enough. کم پهنا ♦ verb to make or become narrow: The road suddenly narrowed. محدود کردن ˈnarrowly ♦ adverb closely; only just: The ball narrowly missed his head. از نزدیک ˈnarrows ♦ noun plural a narrow sea-passage; a channel or strait. تنگناوگردنه ˌnarrow-ˈminded ♦ adjective unwilling to accept ideas different from one's own. کوته فکر

Answer 22

surpass [səˈpaːs] ♦ verb to be, or do, better, or more than. جلو افتادن surpass verb [ T ] formal UK /səˈpɑːs/ US /sɚˈpæs/ Add to word list C2 to do or be better than: His time for the 100 metres surpassed the previous world record by one hundredth of a second. The book's success has surpassed everyone's expectations. The director has really surpassed himself (= done better than he has done before) with this new film. to do or be better or greater than something: The quarterly sales figures have surpassed everyone's expectations. The latest figures surpassed the previous peak of 15,418 foreclosures in the third quarter of 2008. to surpass all expectations alle Erwartungen übertreffen über jdn hinauswachsen to surpass [or outstrip] [or outshine] sb jdn/etw [mit etw Dat] übertrumpfen to outdo sb [with sth]/surpass sth [with sth] sich Akk selbst [mit etw Dat] übertreffen to surpass [or excel] oneself [with sth]

Answer 23

reinforcement noun UK /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːsmənt/ US Add to word list [ C or U ] the act of making an idea or belief stronger: The new logo serves as a visual reinforcement of the company's values. [ C, usually plural ] extra people to help with work: Shops had to call in reinforcements to help with the unexpected rush of customers. [ C or U ] PRODUCTION the act of making a material or structure stronger, or the thing that is added to a structure to make it stronger: This wall needs some kind of reinforcement. Titanium reinforcements were added to the structure.

Answer 24

rigorous adjective UK /ˈrɪɡərəs/ US Add to word list detailed and careful: I want rigorous financial analysis of the options. The selection process is extremely rigorous. strict or severe: A rigorous monetary and fiscal policy should encourage efficiency. Refrigeration of food, improved hygiene and rigorous standards in the food industry prevent gastro-intestinal infections.

Answer 25

US UK disentangle [disinˈtӕŋgl] ♦ verb to free from being tangled; to unravel: The bird could not disentangle itself from the net. درآوردن؛ رها ساختن ˌdisenˈtanglement ♦ noun . خلاصی از گرفتاری disentangle verb [ T ] UK /ˌdɪs.ɪnˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ US /ˌdɪs.ɪnˈtæŋ.ɡəl/ Add to word list to separate things that have become joined or confused: disentangle something from something It's difficult to disentangle hard fact from myth, or truth from lies. I tried to disentangle the wires under my desk.

Answer 26

benchmarking noun [ U ] UK /ˈbenʃˌmɑːkɪŋ/ US /-ˌmɑːr-/ Add to word list the act of measuring the quality of something by comparing it with something else of an accepted standard: Without government benchmarking, customers can’t be sure of the truth of a business’s claims to being environmentally-friendly. the use of something as a standard in order to improve your own work, products, or processes: Benchmarking will make greater improvements in the company’s services.

Answer 27

foster [ˈfostə] ♦ verb 1 to look after for a period of time; to bring up a child that is not one's own: She fostered the children for several months. پرورش دادن 2 to encourage or give help to (ideas etc ): She fostered the child's talents. انگیزاندن ˈfoster-brother, *ˈfoster-sister ♦ nouns a child that has been fostered in another child's family. خواهر خوانده؛ برادر خوانده ˈfoster-child ♦ noun a child fostered by a family. بچه ای که به فرزند خواندگی پذیرفته شده ˈfoster-parent (ˈfoster-father, *ˈfoster-mother) ♦ noun a person who looks after a child not his or her own. والدینی که سرپرستی بچه ای را به عهده دارند foster [ˈfostə] ♦ verb 1 to look after for a period of time; to bring up a child that is not one's own: She fostered the children for several months. پرورش دادن 2 to encourage or give help to (ideas etc ): She fostered the child's talents. انگیزاندن ˈfoster-brother, *ˈfoster-sister ♦ nouns a child that has been fostered in another child's family. خواهر خوانده؛ برادر خوانده ˈfoster-child ♦ noun a child fostered by a family. بچه ای که به فرزند خواندگی پذیرفته شده ˈfoster-parent (ˈfoster-father, *ˈfoster-mother) ♦ noun a person who looks after a child not his or her own. والدینی که سرپرستی بچه ای را به عهده دارند 1. foster (as family): to foster sb jdn aufziehen 2. foster (encourage development): to foster sth [in sb] etw [bei jdm] fördern what is the best way to foster democracy in former communist countries? wie kann man am besten die Demokratie in den ehemaligen kommunistischen Staaten begünstigen?

Answer 28

venture [ˈventʃə] ♦ noun an undertaking or scheme that involves some risk: his latest business venture. کار ریسکی ♦ verb 1 to dare to go: Every day the child ventured further into the forest. جرات پیش روی پیدا کردن 2 to dare (to do (something), especially to say (something)): He ventured to kiss her hand; I ventured (to remark) that her skirt was too short. جرات کردن 3 to risk: He decided to venture all his money on the scheme. ریسک کردن venture noun [ C ] UK /ˈven.tʃər/ US /ˈven.tʃɚ/ Add to word list C2 a new activity, usually in business, that involves risk or uncertainty: She advised us to look abroad for more lucrative business ventures. There are many joint ventures between American and Japanese companies. venture verb [ I usually + adv/prep, T ] formal UK /ˈven.tʃər/ US /ˈven.tʃɚ/ C2 to risk going somewhere or doing something that might be dangerous or unpleasant, or to risk saying something that might be criticized: She rarely ventured outside, except when she went to stock up on groceries. As we set off into the forest, we felt as though we were venturing (forth) into the unknown. She tentatively ventured the opinion that the project would be too expensive to complete, but the boss ignored her. I. ven·ture [ˈventʃəʳ, Am -ɚ] SUBST venture Unternehmung f <-, -en> venture Projekt nt <-(e)s, -e> venture (risky) gewagtes Unternehmen venture WIRTSCH Unternehmen nt <-s, -> joint venture Jointventure nt <-s, -s> fachspr joint venture Gemeinschaftsunternehmen nt <-s, -> II. ven·ture [ˈventʃəʳ, Am -ɚ] VERB trans 1. venture (dare to express): to venture sth etw vorsichtig äußern to venture an opinion sich Dat erlauben, seine Meinung zu sagen 2. venture (put at risk): to venture sth on sth etw auf etw Akk setzen he ventured the company's reputation on his new invention er setzte den Ruf der Firma für seine neue Erfindung aufs Spiel to venture one's winnings on sth seine Gewinne auf etw Akk setzen Wendungen: nothing ventured, nothing gained Sprichw wer wagt, gewinnt Sprichw nothing ventured, nothing gained Sprichw frisch gewagt ist halb gewonnen Sprichw

Answer 29

assumption noun UK /əˈsʌmʃən/ US Add to word list [ S ] something that you accept as true, although you have no proof: make an assumption about sb/sth We tend to make assumptions about our staff's ability based on very little evidence. on the assumption that They decided to go ahead on the assumption that the figures they had been given were accurate. These calculations are based on the assumption that sales will continue to ris 1. assumption: assumption (supposition) Annahme f <-, -n> assumption (presupposition) Voraussetzung f <-, -en> on the assumption that ... wenn man davon ausgeht, dass ... I acted on the assumption that ... ich ging davon aus, dass ... 2. assumption no pl (hypothesizing): assumption Vermutung f <-, -en> assumption Annahme f <-, -n> 3. assumption no pl (taking over): assumption Übernahme f <-, -n> assumption of debt/loss Schuld-/Verlustübernahme f assumption of power Machtübernahme f <-, -n>

Answer 30

proposition [propəˈziʃən] ♦ noun 1 a proposal or suggestion. پیشنهاد 2 a thing or situation that must be done or dealt with: a difficult proposition. موضوع ♦ verb to propose to someone to have sex together: He was propositioned by a prostitute. پیشنهاد همخوابگی کردن proposition noun [ C ] UK /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/ US Add to word list an offer or suggestion about a business activity: put/make a proposition to sb I've put my proposition to the company director for his consideration. accept/back/consider a proposition I need more time to consider your proposition. The line, which has advanced high-speed InterCity trains, is considered to be a highly attractive proposition for the private sector. a risky/viable proposition a business/investment proposition a commercial/economic proposition

Answer 31

refine [rəˈfain] ♦ verb 1 to make (a substance eg sugar) pure by taking out dirt, waste substances etc : Oil is refined before it is used. تصفیه کردن؛ خالص کردن 2 to improve: We have refined our techniques considerably since the work began. اصلاح کردن؛ سامان بخشیدن reˈfined ♦ adjective (negative unrefined ) 1 very polite; well-mannered; elegant. با ادب 2 having been refined: refined sugar. خالص reˈfinement ♦ noun 1 good manners, good taste, polite speech etc . تزکیه؛ پیراستگی 2 (an) improvement: to make refinements. بهسازی؛ اصلاح reˈfinery– plural reˈfineries – ♦ noun a place where sugar or oil etc is refined: an oil refinery. پلایشگاه refine verb [ T ] UK /rɪˈfaɪn/ US Add to word list PRODUCTION to improve something or to make it pure, especially by removing material that is not wanted: Crude oil is industrially refined to purify it. to improve an idea, a method, a system, etc. by making small changes: Engineers spent many months refining the software.

Answer 32

iterate verb [ T ] MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING specialized UK /ˈɪt.ər.eɪt/ US /ˈɪt̬.ə.reɪt/ Add to word list to repeat a process, especially as part of a computer program it·er·ate [ˈɪtəreɪt, Am ˈɪt̬ər-] VERB trans form to iterate sth etw wiederholen to iterate a complaint eine Beschwerde erneut vorbringen form

Answer 33

replicable adjective UK /ˈrep.lɪk.ə.bəl/ US /ˈrep.lɪk.ə.bəl/ Add to word list that can be done in exactly the same way as before, or produced again to be exactly the same as before: It is always stressed that scientific results must be replicable in order to be valid. re·pli·cable [ˈreplɪkəbəl] ADJ to be replicable WISS replizierbar sein replicate verb UK /ˈrep.lɪ.keɪt/ US /ˈrep.lɪ.keɪt/ Add to word list [ T ] formal to make or do something again in exactly the same way: Researchers tried many times to replicate the original experiment. [ I or T ] BIOLOGY, COMPUTING specialized If organisms and genetic or other structures replicate, they make exact copies of themselves: Chromosomes replicate before cells divide and multiply. Computer viruses replicate themselves and are passed along from user to user.

Answer 34

scalable adjective BUSINESS specialized (also scaleable) UK /ˈskeɪ.lə.bəl/ US /ˈskeɪ.lə.bəl/ Add to word list used to describe a business or system that is able to grow or to be made larger: To receive funding they will have to demonstrate that their idea is scalable from school level to state level. able to be made larger in size: There are 13 scaleable fonts built into the printer. scalable adjective UK /ˈskeɪləbl/ US Add to word list a business or system that is scalable can successfully grow larger using the same methods: These deals would make Amazon's business scalable and efficient. IT used to describe a system that can be made larger, for example by adding extra hardware, or deal with extra work without affecting its performance: The supercomputing system combines true scalable performance with high production. scalable (mountain): scalable ersteigbar 2. scalable (size): scalable größenvariabel OpenDict-Eintrag scalable ADJ scalable COMPUT skalierbar

Answer 35

pivot [ˈpivət] ♦ noun the pin or centre on which anything balances and turns. محور ♦ verb– past tense, past participle ˈpivoted – (with on ) to turn (on): The door pivoted on a central hinge. چرخیدن pivot noun [ C ] UK /ˈpɪv.ət/ US /ˈpɪv.ət/ Add to word list a fixed point supporting something that turns or balances Synonym pivot point the central or most important person or thing in a situation: turn/revolve on a pivot The former guerrilla leader has become the pivot on which the country's emerging political stability turns/revolves (= it depends on him). Synonym pivot point in basketball, an attacking player who usually stands with their back to the basket to catch the ball and give it to other attacking players: He's the most dominant pivot in the game. I. piv·ot [ˈpɪvət] SUBST 1. pivot MECH, TECH übtr: pivot (shaft) [Dreh]zapfen m pivot (shaft) Scharnier nt <-s, -e> pivot (focal point) Dreh- und Angelpunkt m 2. pivot übtr (key person): pivot Schlüsselfigur f <-, -en> to be the pivot of sth im Zentrum einer S. Gen stehen II. piv·ot [ˈpɪvət] VERB intr 1. pivot (revolve): to pivot around sth also übtr um etw Akk kreisen a. übtr lights which pivot on brackets Scheinwerfer, die sich auf Trägern drehen to pivot round [or Am around] sich Akk [um]drehen 2. pivot übtr (depend on): pivot von etw Dat abhängen this peace process pivots around certain personalities der Friedensprozess steht und fällt mit bestimmten Persönlichkeiten

Answer 36

comprehensive adjective UK /ˌkɒm.prɪˈhen.sɪv/ US /ˌkɑːm.prəˈhen.sɪv/ comprehensive adjective (COMPLETE) Add to word list C1 complete and including everything that is necessary: We offer you a comprehensive training in all aspects of the business. Is this list comprehensive or are there some names missing? fully comprehensive He has written a fully comprehensive guide to Rome. Comprehensive insurance gives financial protection against most risks, for example including damage to a driver's own vehicle as well as to other vehicles: It is a common misconception that car hire insurance is comprehensive. The trend is towards less comprehensive health insurance. I. com·pre·hen·sive [ˌkɒmprɪˈhen(t)sɪv, Am ˌkɑ:mprə-] ADJ comprehensive umfassend comprehensive global comprehensive answer ausführliche Antwort comprehensive coverage volle Deckung comprehensive list vollständige Liste fully comprehensive allumfassend II. com·pre·hen·sive [ˌkɒmprɪˈhen(t)sɪv, Am ˌkɑ:mprə-] SUBST Brit comprehensive Gesamtschule f <-, -n> I. com·pre·hen·sive ˈschool SUBST Brit comprehensive school Gesamtschule f <-, -n> to attend [or go to]comprehensive school eine Gesamtschule besuchen to attend [or go to]comprehensive school auf eine Gesamtschule gehen II. com·pre·hen·sive ˈschool SUBST modifier comprehensive school Gesamtschul- I had a comprehensive school education ich habe eine Gesamtschule besucht comprehensive school pupil Schüler(in) m (f) an einer Gesamtschule <-s, -> com·pre·hen·sive in·ˈsur·ance SUBST no pl AUTO comprehensive insurance Vollkaskoversicherung f <-, -en>

Answer 37

adoption noun (STARTING TO USE) [ U ] accepting or starting to use something new: Several suggestions have been offered for adoption by the panel. adoption noun US /əˈdɑp·ʃən/ adoption noun (TAKING CHILD) Add to word list [ C/U ] the act of taking another person's child legally into your family to raise as your own child: [ C ] The agency handles about a hundred adoptions a year. adoption noun (STARTING) [ U ] the act of accepting or beginning to use something: The adoption of a different insurance company caused a lot of confusion.

Answer 38

retention [rəˈtenʃən] ♦ noun the act of retaining: the retention of information. نگه داری reˈtentive [-tiv] ♦ adjective able to retain: a retentive memory. نگهدارنده؛ ضبط کننده retention noun [ U ] formal UK /rɪˈten.ʃən/ US /rɪˈten.ʃən/ Add to word list C2 the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone: Two influential senators have argued for the retention of the unpopular tax. The retention of old technology has slowed the company's growth. water/heat retention retention noun [ U ] US /rɪˈten·ʃən/ Add to word list the ability to keep or continue having something: Officials are focusing on job creation, not job retention.

Answer 39

viable adjective UK /ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/ US /ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/ Add to word list C2 able to work as intended or able to succeed: In order to make the company viable, it will unfortunately be necessary to reduce staffing levels. I am afraid your plan is not commercially/economically/financially/politically viable. viable adjective UK /ˈvaɪəbl/ US Add to word list able to be done or likely to succeed: commercially/economically/financially viable Rising oil prices have made alternative energy sources more economically viable. a viable business/company/market The fund exists to provide finance to viable businesses that have been rejected by mainstream lenders. Home-working offers a viable solution to the work/family conflict. a viable alternative/option/proposition 1. viable (successful): viable existenzfähig viable of a company rentabel not commercially viable nicht rentabel 2. viable (feasible): viable machbar viable durchführbar viable realisierbar viable alternative durchführbare Alternative 3. viable BIO: viable (able to sustain life) lebensfähig viable (able to reproduce) zeugungsfähig

Answer 40

mitigate verb [ T ] formal UK /ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ US /ˈmɪt̬.ə.ɡeɪt/ Add to word list to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad: It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of tourism on the island. mitigate verb [ T ] formal UK /ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt/ US Add to word list to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad: technologies that can mitigate global warming mitigate damage/risk The company was criticized for failing to mitigate risks at the plant. mitigate the effects/impact of sth There isn't much more we can do to mitigate the negative effects of rising oil prices. mitigating circumstances LAW situations that are not an excuse for a crime, but that a court of law may consider to be important enough to reduce the blame or punishment of the accused person: The judge said that there were no mitigating circumstances that would result in a lesser punishment. miti·gate [ˈmɪtɪgeɪt, Am -t̬-] VERB trans form to mitigate sth misery, pain etw lindern to mitigate sth anger, harmful effects etw mildern to mitigate the loss WIRTSCH den Schaden mindern [o. Verlust verringern] to mitigate a sentence JUR eine Strafe mildern [o. herabsetzen] to mitigate the punishment die Strafe mildern fachspr

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aspiration noun UK /ˌæs.pɪˈreɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌæs.pəˈreɪ.ʃən/ aspiration noun (HOPE) Add to word list C2 [ C usually plural, U ] something that you hope to achieve: I've never had any political aspirations. It's a story about the lives and aspirations of poor Irish immigrants. aspiration noun [ C ] US /ˌæs·pəˈreɪ·ʃən/ Add to word list a strong hope or wish for achievement or success: He has political aspirations, and hopes to run for Congress some day.

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US UK impersonate [imˈpəːsəneit] ♦ verb to copy the behaviour etc of or pretend to be (another person), sometimes in order to deceive: The comedian impersonated the prime minister. نقش بازی کردن imˌpersoˈnation ♦ noun . وانمود؛ تقلید درآوردن impersonate verb [ T ] US /ɪmˈpɜr·səˌneɪt/ Add to word list to intentionally copy another person’s speech, appearance, or behavior: to impersonate a movie star He was charged with impersonating a police officer.

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persuasive adjective UK /pəˈsweɪ.sɪv/ US /pɚˈsweɪ.sɪv/ Add to word list C1 making you want to do or believe a particular thing: a persuasive speaker/speech Your arguments are very persuasive. He can be very persuasive.

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agile [ˈӕdʒail] ♦ adjective able to move quickly and easily: The antelope is very agile. چابک؛ فرز aˈgility [-ˈdʒi-] ♦ noun . چابکی agile adjective UK /ˈædʒaɪl/ US /ˈædʒəl/ Add to word list able to deal with new situations or changes quickly and successfully: agile company/corporation/organization Most agile corporations have flexible management systems that can quickly accommodate global change and exploit opportunities. agility noun [ S or U ] Confronting rapid change requires agility and flexibility along with the ability to implement strategies quickly.

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audit [ˈoːdit] ♦ noun an official examination of financial accounts. حسابرسی؛ ممیزی ♦ verb to examine financial accounts officially. حسابرسی کردن ˈauditor ♦ noun a person who audits accounts. حسابرس؛ ممیز to make an official examination of the accounts of a business and produce a report ACCOUNTING an examination of the accounts of a business, usually by experts from outside the business: A full audit is performed each year by a district auditor. We conducted an audit of the accounts for the year 2009/10. Companies must issue a statutory audit report. an audit committee/firm/team Members of the audit committee must be independent. an official examination of the quality or condition of something: complete/conduct/do/undertake an audit We conduct an annual audit to ensure that we comply with standards. a performance/quality/skills audit Departments must carry out an internal quality audit. Managers should undertake an audit of staff performance. an independent audit of needs and facilities The whole process is subject to audit and inspection. audit [ˈɔ:dɪt, Am ˈɑ:-] SUBST FIN audit Rechnungsprüfung f <-, -en> audit Buchprüfung f <-, -en> audit Wirtschaftsprüfung f <-, -en> external [or independent]audit externe [o. außerbetriebliche] Revision general audit ordentliche Buchprüfung II. audit [ˈɔ:dɪt, Am ˈɑ:-] VERB trans 1. audit FIN: to audit sth etw [amtlich] prüfen 2. audit JUR: audit etw revidieren 3. audit Am, Aus UNIV: to audit a class einen Kurs [nur] als Gasthörer besuchen ˈaudit com·mit·tee SUBST FIN audit committee Rechnungsprüfungsausschuss m en·vi·ron·men·tal ˈaudit SUBST JUR environmental audit Ökoaudit nt environmental audit Umweltaudit nt ˈaudit cer·tifi·cate SUBST FIN audit certificate of accountant Prüfungsbescheinigung f audit certificate of final auditor Bestätigungsvermerk m <-(e)s, -e> in·ter·nal ˈaudit SUBST internal audit Innenrevision f ˈaudit trail SUBST WIRTSCH, FIN 1. audit trail (list of checks): audit trail Aufschlüsselung f der Posten einer Buchprüfung 2. audit trail (check for irregularities): audit trail Überprüfung f auf Unstimmigkeiten ˈeco-audit SUBST ÖKOL, JUR eco-audit Ökoaudit nt o m ˈtax audit SUBST tax audit Steuerprüfung f <-, -en> in·ter·im ˈaudit SUBST JUR interim audit Zwischenrevision f

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US UK narrow [ˈnӕrəu] ♦ adjective 1 having or being only a small distance from side to side: a narrow road; The bridge is too narrow for large lorries to cross. درازوباریک 2 only just managed: a narrow escape. درازوباریک 3 (of ideas, interests or experience) not extensive enough. کم پهنا ♦ verb to make or become narrow: The road suddenly narrowed. محدود کردن ˈnarrowly ♦ adverb closely; only just: The ball narrowly missed his head. از نزدیک ˈnarrows ♦ noun plural a narrow sea-passage; a channel or strait. تنگناوگردنه ˌnarrow-ˈminded ♦ adjective unwilling to accept ideas different from one's own. کوته فکر narrow adjective UK /ˈnærəʊ/ US Add to word list extremely small: a narrow margin/defeat/victory/lead The election was won by a narrow margin of 85 votes. including only a small number of things: Specialization by developing countries in a narrow range of commodities had left them vulnerable to external shocks. With little money available, the policymakers established narrow eligibility criteria and limited the number of grants. in a narrow range FINANCE if something trades in a narrow range, it does not go up and down very much in price: Dealers in London described trading as light with prices continuing to trade in a narrow range. 1. narrow (thin): narrow eng narrow schmal a narrow bridge eine schmale Brücke a narrow passageway ein enger Durchgang a narrow slit ein schmaler Schlitz 2. narrow abw (limited): narrow engstirnig abw narrow beschränkt to have a narrow mind engstirnig sein to have a narrow mind einen beschränkten geistigen Horizont haben narrow market umsatzschwacher Markt narrow thought engstirniges Denken 3. narrow (small): narrow eng narrow knapp prices today stayed within a narrow range es gab heute nur geringfügige Preisabweichungen to win an election by a narrow margin eine Wahl mit einem knappen Vorsprung gewinnen II. nar·row [ˈnærəʊ, Am ˈneroʊ] VERB intr narrow enger werden narrow sich Akk verengen narrow übtr gap, difference sich Akk schließen [o. verringern] the road narrows here hier verengt sich die Straße III. nar·row [ˈnærəʊ, Am ˈneroʊ] VERB trans to narrow sth etw verengen to narrow sth übtr etw beschränken [o. begrenzen] he narrowed his eyes in suspicion er kniff argwöhnisch die Augen zusammen to narrow the focus of an investigation die Ermittlungen konzentrieren ˈnar·row gauge SUBST narrow gauge Schmalspur f <-> kein pl ˈnar·row boat SUBST NAUT narrow boat Kahn m <-(e)s, Käh·ne> nar·row-mind·ed·ness [-ˈmaɪndɪdnəs] SUBST no pl narrow-mindedness Engstirnigkeit f <-> nar·row-ˈmind·ed ADJ narrow-minded engstirnig a narrow-minded bigot ein engstirniger, voreingenommener Mensch narrow-minded opinions/views engstirnige Meinungen/Ansichten narrow down VERB trans to narrow down ⇆ sth etw beschränken [o. einschränken] to narrow down the list of candidates die Zahl der Anwärter beschränken

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too much or too many: Some property owners complained that they were being charged excessive fees. The directive will prevent employees from working excessive hours. Investing offshore is only worthwhile if the costs involved are not excessive. ex·ces·sive [ɪkˈsesɪv, ek-] ADJ excessive übermäßig excessive exercise can cause health problems zu viel Sport kann Gesundheitsschäden verursachen excessive claim übertriebene Forderung excessive spending überhöhte Ausgaben excessive taxation Übersteuerung f Mehr anzeigen OpenDict-Eintrag excessive ADJ excessive burden überhöhte [o übermäßige] Belastung Deutsch Englisch exzessiv excessive Notwehrexzess excessive self-defence überrissen excessive Gebührenüberhebung excessive rates Alkoholexzess excessive drinking Überpfändung excessive distraint überbordend excessive überbordende Defizite/Kosten/Schulden excessive shortfalls/costs/debts überbordende Produktion excessive production levels überbordender Verkehr excessive levels of traffic Überschuldung excessive debts Pl Englisch Deutsch excessive ADJ INV-FIN excessive (Zinssatz, Preis) überhöht excessive foreign control SUBST FINMKT excessive foreign control Überfremdung f Deutsch Englisch überhöht (Zinssatz, Preis) excessive Überfremdung excessive foreign control

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inference noun [ C or U ] formal UK /ˈɪn.fər.əns/ US /ˈɪn.fɚ.əns/ Add to word list a guess that you make or an opinion that you form based on the information that you have: by inference They were warned to expect a heavy air attack and by inference many casualties. His change of mind was recent and sudden, the inference being that someone had persuaded him. in·fer·ence [ˈɪnfərən(t)s] SUBST form 1. inference usu Sg (conclusion): inference Schlussfolgerung f <-, -en> inference Schluss m <-es, Schlụ̈s·se> to draw the inference that ... die Schlussfolgerung [o. den Schluss] ziehen, dass ... she said she'd think about it, the inference being that ... sie meinte, sie würde es sich überlegen. Daraus war zu schließen, dass ... 2. inference no pl (process of inferring): inference [Schluss]folgern nt inference logisches Schließen f inference Inferenz f fachspr by inference folglich 3. inference (method of deducing): inference Inferenz f to draw a conclusion [or an inference] einen Schluss ziehen to draw a conclusion [or an inference] zu einer Schlussfolgerung kommen

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query [ˈkwiəri]– plural ˈqueries – ♦ noun 1 a question: In answer to your query about hotel reservations I am sorry to tell you that we have no vacancies. پرسش؛ استعلام 2 a question mark: You have omitted the query. علامت سئوال ♦ verb 1 to question (a statement etc ): I think the waiter has added up the bill wrongly – you should query it. سئوال کردن 2 to ask: `What time does the train leave?' she queried. پرسیدن query noun [ C ] UK /ˈkwɪəri/ US plural queries Add to word list a question, often expressing doubt about something or looking for an answer from someone: Email your comments, queries, or suggestions to us at this address. We regret that we cannot answer every query. If you have any queries, please don't hesitate to ask. a query about sth I have a query about the second item on the agenda.

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US UK propagate [ˈpropəgeit] ♦ verb 1 to spread (news etc ). پراکندن 2 to (make plants) produce seeds. تکثیر کردن ˌpropaˈgation ♦ noun . تکثیر؛ انتشار I. propa·gate [ˈprɒpəgeɪt, Am ˈprɑ:-] VERB trans 1. propagate (breed): to propagate sth etw züchten to propagate sth (plants) etw vermehren to propagate oneself sich Akk vermehren 2. propagate form (disseminate): to propagate sth etw verbreiten to propagate a lie eine Lüge verbreiten II. propa·gate [ˈprɒpəgeɪt, Am ˈprɑ:-] VERB intr propagate sich Akk fortpflanzen propagate plants sich Akk vermehren

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US UK bias [ˈbaiəs] ♦ noun 1 favouring of one or other (side in an argument etc ) rather than remaining neutral: a bias against people of other religions. گرایش؛ تمایل 2 a weight on or in an object (eg a bowl for playing bowls) making it move in a particular direction. نیروی محرک؛ جهت دهنده ♦ verb– past tense, past participle ˈbias(s)ed – to influence (usually unfairly): He was biased by the report in the newspapers. غرض ورزی کردن؛ دارای گرایش کردن ˈbias(s)ed ♦ adjective (negative unbias(s)ed ) favouring one side rather than another: a biased judgement. مغرض bias noun UK /ˈbaɪəs/ US Add to word list [ C, usually singular or U ] the fact of allowing personal opinions to influence your judgment in an unfair way: In her view, none of the interview panel had shown any bias. gender/racial bias a federal law prohibiting gender and racial bias in employment bias against sb/sth The email suggested a clear bias against American products. bias in favour of sb/sth The company showed a marked bias in favour of employing men. a clear/definite/strong bias [ C, usually singular ] the fact of preferring someone or something: bias towards sb/sth In general, investment trusts have more of a bias towards emerging markets, including the Far East. [ C or U ] the fact that information is not correct because of the method used in collecting or presenting it: In the market research there was a bias in the sample of people who were selected to give their opinions. There is a need to build in safeguards against statistical bias. the fact of prices, etc. increasing or decreasing: Interest rates are set to have an upward bias in the next 12 months. a negative/downward bias a positive/upward bias 1. bias (prejudice): bias Vorurteil nt <-s, -e> bias Voreingenommenheit f <-> likelihood of bias JUR Besorgnis f der Befangenheit to have a bias against sth gegen etw Akk eine Abneigung haben upward bias positive Verzerrung 2. bias no pl (one-sidedness): bias Einseitigkeit f <-, -en> bias of interest against Befangenheit f <-> gegenüber +Dat to accuse sb of bias jdm Befangenheit vorwerfen 3. bias: bias (predisposition) Neigung f <-, -en> bias (nature) Veranlagung f <-, -en> bias in favour of, towards Vorliebe f <-, -n> für +Akk 4. bias no pl MODE: bias schräger Schnitt bias-cut schräg geschnitten bias-cutting Schrägschnitt m on the bias diagonal [o. schräg] zum Fadenlauf II. bias [ˈbaɪəs] VERB trans to bias sth etw einseitig darstellen to bias sb jdn beeinflussen to bias sb against sth jdn gegen etw Akk einnehmen ˈgen·der bias SUBST gender bias geschlechtsbezogener Verzerrungseffekt m con·fir·ˈma·tion bias SUBST confirmation bias Bestätigungsfehler m bias-ply ˈtire [ˌbaɪəsplaɪ-] SUBST Am (cross-ply ˈtyre) bias-ply tire Diagonalreifen m <-s, ->

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gradient [ˈgreidiənt] ♦ noun 1 the amount of slope (eg of a road, a railway): a gradient of 1 in 4. میزان شیب 2 a slope. شیب یکنواخت gradient noun [ C ] UK /ˈɡreɪ.di.ənt/ US /ˈɡreɪ.di.ənt/ (US also grade) Add to word list how steep a slope is: steep gradient The brakes are not suitable for steep gradients. gentle gradient The trail has wide paths and gentle gradients that are wheelchair-accessible. ENVIRONMENT specialized a measure of a change that occurs between different quantities of something such as temperature or pressure over a particular distance: This study shows how organisms are organized across major environmental gradients. At an altitude of ten miles, there is a distinct temperature gradient. gra·di·ent [ˈgreɪdiənt] SUBST gradient Neigung f <-, -en> [gentle/steep] gradient (upwards) [leichte/starke] Steigung [gentle/steep] gradient (downwards) [schwaches/starkes] Gefälle the gradient of the road is 1 in 10 die Straße hat ein Gefälle von 10 % I. ex·pedi·ent [ɪkˈspi:diənt, ek-] ADJ 1. expedient: expedient (useful) zweckmäßig expedient (useful) zweckdienlich expedient (advisable) ratsam expedient (advisable) angebracht to take expedient measures geeignete Maßnahmen ergreifen [o. treffen] 2. expedient abw (advantageous): expedient eigennützig abw expedient berechnend to take expedient action eigennützig handeln II. ex·pedi·ent [ɪkˈspi:diənt, ek-] SUBST 1. expedient (measure): expedient Maßnahme f <-, -n> expedient Vorgehen nt <-s> before deciding, we took the expedient of asking friends for advice bevor wir uns entschieden, fragten wir Freunde um Rat 2. expedient (resource): expedient [Hilfs]mittel nt expedient [Not]lösung f to do sth as an expedient sich Dat mit etw Dat behelfen the company is having to cut jobs as an expedient zur Not wird die Firma Stellen streichen müssen obedi·ent [ə(ʊ)ˈbi:diənt, Am oʊˈ-] ADJ obedient gehorsam obedient child, dog also folgsam to be obedient to sb/sb's commands jdm/jds Befehlen gehorchen your obedient servant veraltet Ihr ergebenster Diener veraltet car·die SUBST Brit ugs Kinderspr cardie kurz für cardigan Siehe auch: Yardie [ˈjɑ:di, Am ˈjɑ:r] SUBST ugs Yardie jamaikanischer Bandengangster re·gard·ing [rɪˈgɑ:dɪŋ, Am -ˈgɑ:rd-] PRÄP regarding sth bezüglich einer S. Gen regarding sth was etw Akk anbetrifft regarding sth Gen im Hinblick auf etw Akk regarding your inquiry bezüglich Ihrer Anfrage OpenDict-Eintrag regarding PRÄP regarding sth etw betreffend expedient ADJ CTRL expedient zweckadäquat concern regarding deflation SUBST FINMKT concern regarding deflation Deflationssorge f optimism regarding the interest rate SUBST FINMKT optimism regarding the interest rate Zinsoptimismus m pressure gradient pressure gradient Luftdruckgradient (Abstand zwischen den Isobaren) pressure gradient Druckunterschied gradient [ˈɡreɪdiənt] SUBST gradient (Dichte-)Gradient concentration gradient SUBST concentration gradient Konzentrationsgradient CsCl-gradient SUBST CsCl-gradient CsCl-Gradient proton gradient SUBST proton gradient Protonengradient (Konzentrationsunterschied an Protonen) course gradient SUBST course gradient Gefälle des Flussverlaufs density gradient SUBST density gradient Dichtegradient river bed's gradient river bed's gradient Gefälle river bed's gradient Neigung des Flussbetts proton concentration gradient [ˈprəʊtɒnˌkɒnsntreɪʃnˈɡreɪdiənt] SUBST proton concentration gradient Protonengradient buoyant density gradient centrifugation buoyant density gradient centrifugation Dichtegradientenzentrifugation gradient of embankment FLÄCHNUTZ gradient of embankment Böschungsneigung

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supervise [ˈsuːpəvaiz] ♦ verb to direct, control or be in charge of (work, workers etc ): She supervises the typists. سرپرستي كردن ˌsuperˈvision [-ˈviʒən] ♦ noun the act or work of supervising or state of being supervised: The firm's accounts are under the personal supervision of the manager; These children should have more supervision. سرپرستي ˈsupervisor ♦ noun a person who supervises. سرپرست supervise verb [ I or T ] UK /ˈsuː.pə.vaɪz/ US /ˈsuː.pɚ.vaɪz/ Add to word list B2 to watch a person or activity to make certain that everything is done correctly, safely, etc.: The UN is supervising the distribution of aid by local agencies in the disaster area. The children play while two teachers supervise (= make certain that they behave correctly and are safe). supervise verb [ I or T ] MANAGEMENT, WORKPLACE UK /ˈsuːpəvaɪz/ US Add to word list to manage a department, project, etc. and make sure that things are done correctly and according to the rules: The Financial Services Authority (FSA) is responsible for supervising Britain's banking system. Our facilities management team supervises work at the construction site on a daily basis. A $650,000 fine was imposed against the Minneapolis-based company for failure to supervise its brokers. The role of any President is to supervise. supervise workers/employees/staff Companies should provide special training for managers who supervise remote workers. supervise a project/program/operations As chief of staff, he supervised the operations of the California Department of Justice. be supervised by sb/sth All fund operations are supervised by a board of trustees. adequately/properly/reasonably supervise It is the responsibility of the general contractor to properly supervise the work of all subcontractors.

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extract [ikˈstrӕkt] ♦ verb 1 to pull out, or draw out, especially by force or with effort: I have to have a tooth extracted; Did you manage to extract the information from her? بیرون کشیدن؛ کشیدن 2 to select (passages from a book etc ). گزیدن؛ گلچین کردن 3 to take out (a substance forming part of something else) by crushing or by chemical means: Vanilla essence is extracted from vanilla beans. عصاره گرفتن؛ افشردن [ˈekstrӕkt]noun 1 a passage selected from a book etc : a short extract from his novel. گزیده؛ منتخب 2 a substance obtained by an extracting process: beef/yeast extract; extract of malt. عصاره؛ شیره exˈtraction [-ʃən] ♦ noun 1 race or parentage: He is of Greek extraction. تبار؛ اصل و نسب 2 (an) act of extracting eg a tooth. بیرون کشی؛ کندن

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monitor [ˈmonitə] ♦ noun 1 a senior pupil who helps to see that school rules are kept. کنترل 2 any of several kinds of instrument etc by means of which something can be constantly checked, especially a small screen in a television studio showing the picture which is being transmitted at any given time: television monitor; computer monitor. صفحه نمایشگر ♦ verb to act as, or to use, a monitor; to keep a careful check on: These machines/technicians monitor the results constantly. کنترل کردن monitor noun [ C ] UK /ˈmɒn.ɪ.tər/ US /ˈmɑː.nə.t̬ɚ/ monitor noun [C] (PERSON WHO WATCHES) Add to word list B2 a person who has the job of watching or noticing particular things: United Nations monitors were not allowed to enter the area. monitor verb [ T ] UK /ˈmɒn.ɪ.tər/ US /ˈmɑː.nə.t̬ɚ/ C1 to watch and check a situation carefully for a period of time in order to discover something about it: The new findings suggest that women ought to monitor their cholesterol levels. The CIA were monitoring (= secretly listening to) his phone calls. I. moni·tor [ˈmɒnɪtəʳ, Am ˈmɑ:nɪt̬ɚ] SUBST 1. monitor (screen): monitor Bildschirm m <-(e)s, -e> monitor Monitor m <-s, -to̱·ren> colour monitor [or Am color] Farbbildschirm m <-(e)s, -e> colour monitor [or Am color] Farbmonitor m <-s, -e> on the monitor auf dem Bildschirm [o. Monitor] 2. monitor POL (observer): monitor Beobachter(in) m (f) <-s, -> 3. monitor (device): monitor Anzeigegerät nt monitor Überwachungsgerät nt monitor Kontrollschirm m monitor Monitor m <-s, -to̱·ren> 4. monitor SCHULE dated (in school): monitor Klassenordner(in) m (f) veraltend monitor Aufsichtsschüler(in) m (f) veraltend 5. monitor ZOOL (lizard): monitor Waran m <-s, -e> II. moni·tor [ˈmɒnɪtəʳ, Am ˈmɑ:nɪt̬ɚ] VERB trans 1. monitor (check): to monitor sb jdn beobachten to monitor sth etw kontrollieren [o. überprüfen] [o. beobachten] they were supposed to monitor the elections POL sie sollten die Wahlen beobachten to monitor sb's blood sugar/cholesterol level jds Blutzucker/Cholesterinspiegel kontrollieren to monitor brake power/tyre [or Am tire] wear die Bremskraft/Reifenabnutzung überprüfen 2. monitor RADIO, TEL, TV (view/listen in on): to monitor sth device, person etw abhören [o. mithören] [o. verfolgen] to monitor a [radio] broadcast eine [Radio]sendung verfolgen to monitor a circuit sich Akk in eine Leitung einschalten to monitor communications/telephone traffic Gespräche/den Telefonverkehr abhören [o. mithören] to monitor a TV channel ein Fernsehprogramm verfolgen 3. monitor (maintain quality): to monitor sth person etw überwachen to monitor education standards [die Einhaltung von] Ausbildungsstandards [o. Ausbildungsanforderungen] überwachen to monitor education standards RADIO, TV device etw überwachen to monitor radio/TV reception den Radio-/Fernsehempfang überwachen monitored frequency Überwachungsfrequenz f fachspr Mehr anzeigen 4. monitor (keep under surveillance): to monitor sb/sth person jdn/etw überwachen to monitor sb's eating habits/movements jds Essgewohnheiten/Bewegungen überwachen to monitor sth device etw überwachen to monitor fuel consumption/sb's heart rate den Benzinverbrauch/jds Herzfrequenz überwachen video ˈmoni·tor SUBST Am, Aus video monitor Videomonitor m <-s, -e(n)> car·di·ac ˈmoni·tor SUBST MED cardiac monitor Herzmonitor m <-s, -en> ˈba·by moni·tor SUBST baby monitor Babyfon® nt high-reso·lu·tion ˈmoni·tor SUBST high-resolution monitor Monitor m mit hoher Auflösung OpenDict-Eintrag monitor lizard SUBST monitor lizard ZOOL Waran m

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carry something out phrasal verb with carry verb UK /ˈkær.i/ US /ˈker.i/ Add to word list B1 to do or complete something, especially that you have said you would do or that you have been told to do: Dr Carter is carrying out research on early Christian art. The hospital is carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with her. Our soldiers carried out a successful attack last night. It is hoped that the kidnappers will not carry out their threat to kill the hostages. Don't blame me, I'm only carrying out my orders/instructions. carry out something phrasal verb with carry verb US /ˈkær·i/ Add to word list to perform or complete a job or activity; to fulfill: I was elected to carry out a program, the governor said, and I have every intention of carrying it out.

Answer 57

dispute [diˈspjuːt] ♦ verb 1 to argue against or deny: I'm not disputing what you say. مورد تردید قرار دادن 2 to argue (about): They disputed the ownership of the land for years. بحث کردن؛ مشاجره کردن ♦ noun (an) argument or quarrel: a dispute over wages. مشاجره؛ جر و بحث diˈsputable ♦ adjective able to be argued about: Whether this change was an improvement is disputable. قابل بحث؛ بحث انگیز ˌdispuˈtation ♦ noun a formal argument. گفتمان؛ بحث dispute noun [ C or U ] UK /dɪˈspjuːt/ /ˈdɪs.pjuːt/ US /dɪˈspjuːt/ /ˈdɪs.pjuːt/ Add to word list C2 an argument or disagreement, especially an official one between, for example, workers and employers or two countries with a common border: a bitter/long-running dispute a border dispute a pay/legal/trade dispute dispute over They have been unable to settle/resolve the dispute over working conditions. in dispute with The unions are in dispute with management over pay. dispute noun [ C or U ] UK /ˈdɪspjuːt/ US Add to word list an argument or disagreement, especially an official one: The judge urged the feuding partners to settle their legal dispute . Staff have been in a long-running pay dispute with the company. An official involved in the dispute said that the attorney has indicated he is likely to agree to the revised terms. He was in dispute with his last company, which had terminated his contract. Workers at the car plant are to stage a fresh strike in a dispute over pay. dispute between/with sb/sth (and sb/sth) The dispute between Brazil and the United States over immigration checks continued. a bitter/long-running dispute I. dis·pute VERB trans [dɪˈspju:t] 1. dispute (argue): to dispute sth sich Akk über etw Akk streiten to be hotly disputed heftig diskutiert werden 2. dispute (oppose): to dispute sth etw bestreiten [o. anzweifeln] to dispute sth jurisdiction, bill etw anfechten to dispute [that] ... bestreiten, dass ... 3. dispute SPORT: to dispute the lead um die Führungsposition kämpfen II. dis·pute VERB intr [dɪˈspju:t] to dispute [with sb] over sth [mit jdm] über etw Akk streiten III. dis·pute SUBST [dɪˈspju:t, ˈdɪspju:t] 1. dispute over +Akk: dispute (argument) Debatte f <-, -n> dispute (argument) Streit m <-(e)s, -e> dispute (argument) Disput m <-(e)s, -e> über +Akk dispute (between management and workers) Arbeitsstreitigkeiten pl dispute (between management and workers) Arbeitskampf m <-(e)s, -kämpfe> Mehr anzeigen 2. dispute no pl (doubt): dispute Zweifel <-s, -> to be open to dispute fragwürdig bleiben to be in/beyond dispute zur Debatte/außer Frage stehen beyond dispute zweifelsohne de·mar·ˈca·tion dis·pute SUBST Brit, Aus demarcation dispute Zuständigkeitsstreitigkeit[en] f[pl] (zwischen Gewerkschaften) ˈla·bour dis·pute SUBST Brit labour dispute Arbeitskampf m <-(e)s, -kämpfe> ˈtrade dis·pute SUBST trade dispute Handelsstreitigkeit f trade dispute (between union and employer) Tarifkonflikt m <-(e)s, -e> in·dus·trial dis·ˈpute SUBST industrial dispute Arbeitskampf m <-(e)s, -kämpfe> industrial dispute [tarifpolitische] Auseinandersetzungen pl zwischen Arbeitgebern und Arbeitnehmern industrial dispute (strike) Streik m <-(e)s, -s> ˈwage dis·pute SUBST wage dispute Lohnstreitigkeit f

Answer 58

resolution [rezəˈluːʃən] ♦ noun 1 a firm decision (to do something): He made a resolution to get up early. عزم؛ تصمیم 2 an opinion or decision formally expressed by a group of people, eg at a public meeting: The meeting passed a resolution in favour of allowing women to join the society. قطعنامه 3 resoluteness. عزم؛ تصمیم؛ اراده 4 the act of resolving (a problem etc ). بر طرف سازی؛ گره گشایی ˈresolute [-luːt] ♦ adjective doing what one has decided to do, in spite of opposition, criticism etc : a resolute attitude. مصمم؛ ثابت قدم ˈresolutely ♦ adverb . با عزم راسخ ˈresoluteness ♦ noun . عزم؛ تصمیم؛ اراده resolve [rəˈzolv] ♦ verb 1 to make a firm decision (to do something): I've resolved to stop smoking. تصمیم گرفتن 2 to pass (a resolution): It was resolved that women should be allowed to join the society. قطعنامه صادر کردن 3 to take away (a doubt, fear etc ) or produce an answer to (a problem, difficulty etc ). رفع کردن؛ بر طرف کردن ♦ noun 1 determination to do what one has decided to do: He showed great resolve. عزم؛ اراده 2 a firm decision: It is his resolve to become a director of this firm. تصمیم resolved [rəˈzolvd] ♦ adjective determined: I am resolved to go and nothing will stop me. مصمم resolution noun UK /ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/ US /ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/ resolution noun (DECISION) Add to word list C2 [ C ] an official decision that is made after a group or organization has voted: approve/adopt a resolution The committee approved/adopted a resolution against sending more troops to the region. [ + to infinitive ] The United Nations passed (= voted to support) a resolution to increase aid to developing nations. C2 [ C ] a promise to yourself to do or to not do something: [ + to infinitive ] I made a resolution to give up chocolate. resolution noun UK /ˌrezəlˈuːʃən/ US Add to word list [ C ] a formal statement on which people in an organization vote, or the decision taken as a result of this vote: approve/adopt a resolution Shareholders were asked to approve a resolution to create a special voting share. pass a resolution The first UN resolution was passed unanimously by all 15 members of the council. Any investor who owns $2,000 of stock for a year can file a shareholder resolution. a draft resolution [ C or U ] the process of solving or ending a problem or disagreement: resolution to sth There was a successful resolution to the problem. The group wants to bring about a resolution to the situation but the money owing is substantial. a swift/peaceful/early resolution [ U ] IT ( informal res) used for talking about how clearly a computer or television screen shows images: If your monitor supports a higher screen resolution, switch to those choices. reso·lu·tion [ˌrezəˈlu:ʃən, Am -əˈlu:-] SUBST 1. resolution no pl aufw (determination): resolution Resolutheit f resolution Entschlossenheit f <-> 2. resolution no pl form (solving of): resolution Lösung f <-, -en> resolution of crises Überwindung f <-> resolution of crises Krisenbewältigung f resolution of a difficulty/dilemma Lösung f eines Problems/Dilemmas resolution of a question Klärung f einer Frage 3. resolution POL (proposal): resolution Beschluss m <-es, Be·schlụ̈s·se> resolution Resolution f <-, -en> geh to lay down [or propose] a resolution [that ...] eine Resolution einbringen[, dass ...] to pass/reject a resolution [to do sth] eine Resolution [etw zu tun] verabschieden/ablehnen 4. resolution: resolution (decision) Entscheidung f <-, -en> resolution (intention) Vorsatz m <-(e)s, -sät·ze> to make a resolution eine Entscheidung treffen joint resolution Am gemeinsame Entschließung [o. Resolution] 5. resolution no pl CHEM, TECH: resolution Aufspaltung f <-, -en> 6. resolution no pl COMPUT, FOTO, TV (picture quality): resolution Auflösung f <-, -en> joint reso·ˈlu·tion SUBST Am joint resolution gemeinsamer Beschluss mem·ber·ship reso·ˈlu·tion SUBST POL membership resolution Mitgliedschaftsentschließung f high-reso·ˈlu·tion SUBST COMPUT high-resolution hohe Auflösung high-reso·lu·tion ˈmoni·tor SUBST high-resolution monitor Monitor m mit hoher Auflösung New Year's Reso·ˈlu·tion SUBST New Year's Resolution [guter] Vorsatz für das neue Jahr

Answer 59

haggle [ˈhӕgl] ♦ verb to argue about the price of something, or about the terms of an agreement. چانه زدن haggle verb [ I or T ] UK /ˈhæɡ.əl/ US /ˈhæɡ.əl/ Add to word list to attempt to decide on a price or conditions that are acceptable to the person selling the goods and the person buying them, usually by arguing: haggle over/about It's traditional that you haggle over/about the price of things in the market haggle verb [ I ] UK /ˈhæɡl/ US Add to word list COMMERCE to argue about the price of something in an attempt to make the seller reduce it: Many car dealers will give you a sizeable discount if you are prepared to haggle. haggle over/about sth The two clubs spent weeks haggling over the fee before finally reaching a deal. haggle with sb If you're a cash buyer, haggle with the dealer to get the best price and/or free extras. haggle for sth They haggle for a rate or use Priceline to get into a full-service hotel rather than pay rock-bottom for lesser quality. to argue about the details of something: haggle over/about sth Congress is soon to begin the months-long process of haggling about food safety amendments. haggle with sb Regulators are still haggling with bankers over the precise details of the agreement. . hag·gle [ˈhægl̩] VERB intr 1. haggle (bargain): to haggle [over [or about] sth] [um etw Akk] feilschen [o. abw schachern] 2. haggle (argue): to haggle over sth [sich Akk] über etw Akk streiten to haggle over sth [sich Akk] um etw Akk rangeln II. hag·gle [ˈhægl̩] SUBST 1. haggle (bargaining): haggle Gefeilsche nt abw 2. haggle (wrangle): haggle Gerangel nt <-s>

Answer 60

revise [rəˈvaiz] ♦ verb 1 to correct faults and make improvements in (a book etc ): This dictionary has been completely revised. اصلاح کردن 2 to study one's previous work, notes etc in preparation for an examination etc : You'd better start revising (your Latin) for your exam. مرور کردن؛ با دقت خواندن 3 to change (one's opinion etc ). تغییر دادن revision [rəˈviʒən] ♦ noun . بازبینی؛ ویراستاری مجدد revise verb UK /rɪˈvaɪz/ US /rɪˈvaɪz/ revise verb (CHANGE) Add to word list B2 [ T ] to look at or consider again an idea, piece of writing, etc. in order to correct or improve it: His helpfulness today has made me revise my original opinion/impression of him. His publishers made him revise his manuscript three times. revise verb [ T ] UK /rɪˈvaɪz/ US Add to word list to change an amount or value in order to make it more accurate: The Labor Department announced it had revised the August numbers to show that the economy gained 89,000 jobs that month. Advisers have revised their estimate of its likely stock market value, from £5.4bn to £5.8bn. The biggest drop in the global figures came from revising the figure for India downward, which was done in July. revise sth down/up Eurozone inflation in November has been revised up from 1.8% to 1.9%. to make changes to a plan, system, or law in order to improve it: As a result of recent analysis, the performance measurement system is currently being revised. The Department of Agriculture is expected to revise its proposals concerning regulatory changes. revise a law/a rule/legislation Legislation to revise the laws on corporate lawsuits was blocked last night in the Senate. to make changes to a book, document, etc. in order to improve it, correct mistakes, or make it contain the most recent information: This third edition has been completely updated and revised. I. re·vise [rɪˈvaɪz] VERB trans 1. revise (reread): to revise sth etw überarbeiten to revise a book ein Buch redigieren 2. revise (reconsider): to revise sth etw überdenken [o. geh revidieren] to revise one's opinion seine Meinung ändern 3. revise Brit, Aus (increase/decrease): to revise sth upwards/downwards estimates, number etw nach oben/unten korrigieren 4. revise Brit, Aus (study again): to revise sth etw wiederholen 5. revise COMPUT: to revise sth etw überarbeiten [o. revidieren] II. re·vise [rɪˈvaɪz] VERB intr Brit, Aus revise den Stoff wiederholen to revise for an exam auf [o. A für] eine Prüfung lernen to revise costs upwards die Kosten nach oben korrigieren

Answer 61

contingent [kənˈtindʒənt] ♦ noun a number or group, especially of soldiers. گروه conˈtingency– plural conˈtingencies – ♦ noun a chance happening: We're prepared for all contingencies. اتفاق؛ پیشامد contingent adjective formal UK /kənˈtɪn.dʒənt/ US /kənˈtɪn.dʒənt/ contingent on/upon something depending on something else in the future in order to happen: Outdoor activities are, as ever, contingent on the weather. See more contingent adjective UK /kənˈtɪndʒənt/ US Add to word list depending on something else in the future in order to happen: contingent on/upon sth The contract is contingent on approval by the Board of Trustees. contingent noun [ C ] US /kənˈtɪn·dʒənt/ contingent noun [C] (GROUP) Add to word list a group of people representing an organization or country, or a part of a military force: The conservative contingent walked out of the convention when their plan was rejected. contingency noun [ C ] formal UK /kənˈtɪn.dʒən.si/ US /kənˈtɪn.dʒən.si/ Add to word list something that might possibly happen in the future, usually causing problems or making further arrangements necessary: You must be able to deal with all possible contingencies. contingency plan Have you made any contingency plans? contingency noun [ C ] UK /kənˈtɪndʒənsi/ US plural contingencies Add to word list something that might possibly happen in the future, usually causing problems or making further arrangements necessary: "While it is impossible to account for every contingency, the industry historically has met demand and fully expects to do so this winter," said the American Petroleum Institute. an arrangement for dealing with something that might possibly happen or cause problems in the future: The report advises a minimum fund of three months' net income to provide a contingency against uncertainties in the future. on a contingency basis LAW if you work for someone on a contingency basis, you agree that you will only be paid if you achieve a particular aim, for example, getting a successful result in a court of law: In personal injury cases many attorneys work on a contingency basis, so you will not have to pay them a fee up front. 1. contingent (group): contingent Gruppe f <-, -n> feminist contingent feministische Gruppierung 2. contingent MILIT: contingent [Truppen]kontingent nt contingent Trupp m <-s, -s> II. con·tin·gent [kənˈtɪnʤənt] ADJ 1. contingent (dependent on): to be contingent [up]on sth von etw Dat abhängig sein contingent claim JUR bedingter Anspruch m 2. contingent FIN: contingent order Ordre lié f con·ˈtin·gent or·der ADJ attr, inv FIN contingent order Ordre lié f con·tin·gent lia·ˈbil·ity SUBST WIRTSCH contingent liability Eventualverbindlichkeit f <-, -en> contingent liability Eventualhaftung f con·tin·gent ˈin·ter·est SUBST no pl Am JUR contingent interest bedingtes Recht con·tin·gent ˈfee SUBST JUR contingent fee Erfolgshonorar nt <-s, -e> con·tin·gent ex·ˈpenses SUBST WIRTSCH contingent expenses unvorhergesehene Sonderausgaben con·tin·gent ˈpoli·cy SUBST WIRTSCH contingent policy Risikoversicherung f <-, -en> con·ˈtin·gent claim ADJ attr, inv JUR contingent claim bedingter Anspruch m sig·net ring [ˈsɪgnətˌ-] SUBST signet ring Siegelring m <-(e)s, -e> OpenDict-Eintrag contingent ADJ contingent PHILOS kontingent fachspr contingent order SUBST FINMKT contingent order (Zug-um-Zug-Geschäft; verbundener Auftrag) Ordre lié f contingent liability SUBST INV-FIN contingent liability Eventualhaftung f contingent claim SUBST WIRECHT contingent claim bedingter Anspruch m contingent liability SUBST RECHW contingent liability Eventualverbindlichkeit f contingent credit line SUBST STAAT contingent credit line vorsorgliche Kreditlinie (CCL) f special contingent account SUBST INV-FIN special contingent account Konto für Eventualfälle nt special contingent account SCA m contingent liability participation SUBST INV-FIN contingent liability participation Haftungsanteil m guarantee of a continued existence SUBST STAAT guarantee of a continued existence Existenzsicherung f

Answer 62

hazard [ˈhӕzəd] ♦ noun (something which causes) a risk of harm or danger: the hazards of mountain-climbing. خطر ♦ verb 1 to risk; to be prepared to do (something, the result of which is uncertain): Are you prepared to hazard your life for the success of this mission? به خطر انداختن 2 to put forward (a guess etc ). زدن ˈhazardous ♦ adjective dangerous: a hazardous journey; hazardous waste. خطرناك ˈhazardousness ♦ noun . خطر haz·ard [ˈhæzəd, Am -ɚd] SUBST 1. hazard: hazard (danger) Gefahr f <-, -en> hazard (risk) Risiko nt <-s, -s> fire hazard Brandrisiko nt health hazard Gefährdung f der Gesundheit smoking is a severe health hazard Rauchen ist extrem gesundheitsgefährdend Mehr anzeigen 2. hazard no pl liter (chance): hazard Zufall m <-(e)s, -fälle> 3. hazard COMPUT: hazard Störeffekt m II. haz·ard [ˈhæzəd, Am -ɚd] VERB trans 1. hazard (risk, venture): to hazard sth etw wagen [o. riskieren] to hazard a guess sich Dat eine Vermutung erlauben to hazard a guess eine Vermutung wagen to hazard a suggestion es wagen, einen Vorschlag zu machen [o. ugs bringen] to hazard a try einen Versuch wagen to hazard that ... form vermuten, dass ... 2. hazard (endanger): to hazard sth etw gefährden [o. aufs Spiel setzen] ˈhaz·ard rate SUBST TECH hazard rate Versagungswahrscheinlichkeit f ˈfire haz·ard SUBST fire hazard Brandrisiko nt fire hazard Brandgefahr f <-, -en> to be a fire hazard ein Brandrisiko darstellen oc·cu·pa·tion·al ˈhaz·ard SUBST occupational hazard Berufsrisiko nt <-s, -risiken> ˈhealth haz·ard SUBST health hazard Gesundheitsrisiko nt smoking is a health hazard Rauchen gefährdet die Gesundheit mor·al ˈhaz·ard SUBST no pl moral hazard unbesonnenes Vorgehen, weil keine negativen Konsequenzen drohen ˈhaz·ard lights SUBST Pl AUTO hazard lights Warnblinkleuchte f <-, -n> hazard lights Warnblinkanlage f <-, -n> hazard lights Warnblinker m CH ˈhaz·ard zone SUBST hazard zone Gefahrenzone f <-, -n> haz·ard ˈwarn·ing lights SUBST Pl AUTO hazard warning lights Warnblinkleuchte f <-, -n> hazard warning lights Warnblinkanlage f <-, -n> hazard warning lights Warnlichter pl CH

Answer 63

incur [inˈkəː]– past tense, past participle inˈcurred – ♦ verb 1 to bring (something unpleasant) on oneself: to incur someone's displeasure. موجب شدن 2 to become liable to pay (a debt): to incur enormous debts. incur verb [ T ] formal UK /ɪnˈkɜːr/ US /ɪnˈkɝː/ -rr- Add to word list C2 to experience something, usually something unpleasant, as a result of actions you have taken: to incur debts/fines/bills incur wrath/anger The play has incurred the wrath/anger of both audiences and critics. costs/expenses (are) incurred Please detail any costs/expenses incurred by you in attending the interview incur verb [ T ] UK /ɪnˈkɜːr/ US -rr- Add to word list to be made to lose money or have to pay a charge: incur a charge/fine/fee Companies incur additional costs in dealing with non-paying customers. The client will remain liable for any loss incurred by the contractor. in·cur <-rr-> [ɪnˈkɜ:ʳ, Am -ˈkɜ:r] VERB trans 1. incur FIN, WIRTSCH: to incur sth etw hinnehmen müssen [o. erleiden] to incur costs sich Dat Unkosten aufladen to incur debt Schulden machen expenses incurred entstandene [o. anfallende] Kosten to incur losses Verluste erleiden 2. incur (bring upon oneself): to incur sth etw hervorrufen to incur the anger [or wrath] of sb jds Zorn auf sich Akk ziehen to incur the anger [or wrath] of sb jdn verärgern to incur the blame for sth den Tadel für etw Akk einstecken 3. incur (make oneself liable to): to incur the risk of a penalty das Risiko einer [Geld]strafe eingehen to incur liability for sth JUR für etw die Haftung übernehmen to not incur liability for sth JUR für etw keine Haftung übernehmen to incur sb's displeasure jds Missfallen erregen to incur sb's wrath [or the wrath of sb] sich Dat jds Zorn zuziehen

Answer 64

disentangle [disinˈtӕŋgl] ♦ verb to free from being tangled; to unravel: The bird could not disentangle itself from the net. درآوردن؛ رها ساختن ˌdisenˈtanglement ♦ noun . خلاصی از گرفتاری I. dis·en·tan·gle [ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋgl̩] VERB trans 1. disentangle (untangle): to disentangle sth etw entwirren [o. entflechten] to disentangle a rope ein Seil entknoten [o. entwirren] übtr to disentangle sth from sth etw aus etw Dat herauslösen to disentangle hard facts from myth die Tatsachen von den Legenden trennen 2. disentangle (get away): to disentangle oneself from sth sich Akk von etw Dat befreien [o. lösen]

Answer 65

expose [ikˈspəuz] ♦ verb 1 to uncover; to leave unprotected from (eg weather, danger, observation etc ): Paintings should not be exposed to direct sunlight; Don't expose children to danger. در معرض قرار دادن؛ بی پناه کردن 2 to discover and make known (eg criminals or their activities): It was a newspaper that exposed his spying activities. افشا کردن؛ آشکار کردن 3 by releasing the camera shutter, to allow light to fall on (a photographic film). نور دادن؛ در معرض نور قرار دادن exˈposure [-ʒə] ♦ noun 1 (an) act of exposing or state of being exposed: Prolonged exposure of the skin to hot sun can be harmful. قرارگیری در معرض چیزی 2 one frame of a photographic film etc : I have two exposures left. قاب فیلم 1. expose (lay bare): to expose sth bone, foundations etw frei legen to expose sth nerves etw bloßlegen 2. expose (leave vulnerable to): to expose sb/sth to sth jdn/etw etw Dat aussetzen to expose sth to cold/heat etw der Kälte/Hitze aussetzen to expose sb to danger jdn einer Gefahr aussetzen to expose sb to ridicule übtr jdn dem Spott [o. der Lächerlichkeit] preisgeben 3. expose (reveal): to expose sth etw offenbaren to expose sth scandal, treachery, plot etw aufdecken [o. enthüllen] to expose sb jdn entlarven 4. expose (put in contact): to expose sb to sth jdn mit etw Dat vertraut machen to be exposed to sth etw Dat ausgesetzt sein to be exposed to sth mit etw Dat in Berührung kommen 5. expose (show genitals): to expose oneself [to sb] sich Akk [vor jdm] entblößen 6. expose FOTO: to expose sth etw belichten to over-/underexpose sth etw über-/unterbelichten 7. expose JUR (abandon): to expose sb/an animal jdn/ein Tier aussetzen

Answer 66

incentive [inˈsentiv] ♦ noun something that encourages etc : Hope of promotion was an incentive to hard work. مشوق؛ انگیزه incentive noun [ C or U ] UK /ɪnˈsen.tɪv/ US /ɪnˈsen.t̬ɪv/ Add to word list C2 something that encourages a person to do something: tax incentive Tax incentives have been very effective in encouraging people to save and invest more of their income. [ + to infinitive ] There is little incentive for people to leave their cars at home when public transport remains so expensive. incentive to Bonus payments provide an incentive to work harder. incentive noun [ C or U ] UK /ɪnˈsentɪv/ US Add to word list something, especially money, that encourages a person or organization to do something: financial/fiscal/monetary incentive Cash grants were part of the financial incentives given to developers of new solar power technology. a big/great/generous incentive incentive to do sth Executives had a strong incentive to destroy papers they knew would incriminate them in court. be/have little/no incentive There will be little incentive to consolidate before new tax laws take effect. incentive for sb to do sth There's no incentive for the unions to make concessions now, since they've always been given what they asked for. incentive package/plan/system create/offer/provide an incentive I. in·cen·tive [ɪnˈsentɪv, Am -t̬ɪv] SUBST (motivation) incentive Anreiz m <-es, -e> incentive Ansporn m <-(e)s> tax incentives steuerliche Anreize financial incentives finanzielle Anreize to provide an incentive to do sth einen Anreiz schaffen, etw zu tun II. in·cen·tive [ɪnˈsentɪv, Am -t̬ɪv] ADJ attr, inv incentive Vorteile bringend incentive bonus Bonus m <-(ses), -(se)> incentive bonus Prämie f <-, -n> incentive discount Treuerabatt m incentive offer Gratisangebot nt <-(e)s, -e> Mehr anzeigen ˈtax in·cen·tive SUBST FIN tax incentive Steueranreiz m <-es, -e> tax incentive steuerlicher Anreiz m tax incentive steuerpolitischer Anreiz m in·ˈcen·tive scheme SUBST incentive scheme System nt von Kauf- und Leistungsanreizen nt incentive scheme Prämiensystem nt prod·uc·ˈtiv·ity in·cen·tive SUBST productivity incentive Leistungsanreiz m productivity incentive Produktivitätsanreiz m pince-nez [ˌpɛ͂(n)sˈneɪ, pl -neɪz] SUBST pince-nez Zwicker m <-s, -> pince-nez Kneifer m <-s, -> a pair of pince-nez ein Zwicker m [o. Kneifer] OpenDict-Eintrag incentive compatibility SUBST incentive compatibility (game theory, economics) Anreizkompatibilität f risk incentive SUBST INV-FIN risk incentive Risikoanreiz m tax incentive SUBST FISK tax incentive Steueranreiz m tax incentive steuerlicher Anreiz m tax incentive steuerpolitischer Anreiz m price incentive SUBST MKTG price incentive Preisanreiz m investment incentive SUBST INV-FIN investment incentive Investitionsanreiz m development incentive SUBST MKT-WB development incentive Förderanreiz m production incentive SUBST MKT-WB production incentive Produktionsanreiz m long-term incentive SUBST PERSW long-term incentive (langfristiger Leistungsanreiz, z. B. durch ein Vergütungskonzept) Longterm Incentive nt mid-term incentive SUBST PERSW mid-term incentive (mittelfristiger Anreiz, i.d.R. für Führungskräfte) Midterm Incentive nt incentive by the government [ɪnˈsentɪv] SUBST incentive by the government Anreiz durch die Regierung incentive measure incentive measure

Answer 67

trajectory noun [ C ] US /trəˈdʒek·tə·ri/ Add to word list PHYSICS the curved path an object follows after it is thrown or shot into the air, or of an object that is traveling through space: The missile came in on a very low trajectory. tra·jec·tory [trəˈʤektəri, Am -ɚi] SUBST trajectory PHYS Flugbahn f <-, -en> trajectory MATH Kurve f <-, -n> OpenDict-Eintrag ball trajectory SUBST ball trajectory (in golf) Flugbahn des Balls m parabolic trajectory parabolische Flugbahn trəˈjektərē] noun - trajectory مسیر: path, route, way, direction, track, trajectory خط سیر: trajectory, pathway, route, itinerary, course, direction گذرگاه: pathway, passage, bus, causeway, pass, trajectory مسیر گلوله: trajectory وراافکن: trajectory

Answer 68

occur [əˈkəː]– past tense, past participle ocˈcurred – ♦ verb 1 to take place: The accident occurred yesterday morning. اتفاق افتادن 2 (with to ) to come into one's mind: An idea occurred to him; It occurred to me to visit my parents. خطور کردن 3 to be found: Oil occurs under the sea. یافت شدن ocˈcurrence [-ˈka-, (American) -ˈkə:-] ♦ noun a strange occurrence. اتفاق occurrence, ~occurred and occurring have two r s. * When did the error occur? کی خطا رخ داده است؟ 1. occur (take place): occur geschehen occur accident sich Akk ereignen occur change stattfinden occur symptom auftreten don't let it occur again sieh zu, dass das nicht wieder passiert Mehr anzeigen 2. occur (exist): occur vorkommen 3. occur (come to mind): to occur to sb jdm einfallen the thought occurred to me this morning der Gedanke kam mir heute Morgen in den Sinn to occur to sb that ... jdm in den Sinn kommen, dass ... it never occurred to his parents to ask seine Eltern kamen nie auf den Gedanken, zu fragen if the drought continues, deaths will occur on a massive scale wenn die Dürre anhält, werden die Todesfälle massiv ansteigen accidents regularly occur at this bend an dieser Kurve kommt es ständig zu Unfällen

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US UK exploit [ˈeksploit] ♦ noun a (daring) deed or action: stories of his military exploits. کار برجسته؛ شاهکار [ikˈsploit]verb 1 to make good or advantageous use of: to exploit the country's natural resources. بهره برداری کردن از 2 to use (eg a person) unfairly for one's own advantage. سو استفاده کردن ˌexploiˈtation ♦ noun . بهره برداری؛ استثمار exploit verb [ T ] UK /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ US Add to word list to use or develop something for profit or progress in business: exploit resources/technology/information We need to make sure that we exploit our resources as fully as possible. exploit opportunities/potential This collection of valuable sound recordings has never been commercially exploited. disapproving to treat someone unfairly in order to make money or get an advantage: Laws exist to stop companies exploiting their employees. These unfortunate people have been ruthlessly exploited. often disapproving to use something, often unfairly, for your own advantage: exploit a loophole/weakness/vulnerability These are responsible employers who are not seeking to exploit loopholes in the legislation. People exploit the system by lodging multiple appeals. exploit Heldentat f <-, -en> a. scherzh exploit Großtat f <-, -en> II. ex·ploit VERB trans [ɪkˈsplɔɪt, ekˈ-] 1. exploit abw (take advantage): to exploit sb worker jdn ausbeuten to exploit sb person, friend jdn ausnutzen to exploit sth good-naturedness, situation, weakness etw ausnutzen to exploit a colony eine Kolonie ausbeuten 2. exploit (utilize): to exploit sth etw nutzen to exploit sth sich Dat etw zunutze machen to exploit sth resources etw ausbeuten [o. ausschöpfen] to exploit a loophole eine Gesetzeslücke nutzen

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deviate [ˈdiːvieit] ♦ verb to turn aside, especially from a right, normal or standard course: She will not deviate from her routine. منحرف شدن؛ گمراه شدن ˌdeviˈation ♦ noun . انحراف؛ گمراهی deviate verb [ I ] US /ˈdi·viˌeɪt/ Add to word list to change from the usual way, or to go in a different direction: He never deviated from his strict vegetarian diet. We need to know when the bus deviates from its scheduled route. deviation noun [ C/U ] US /ˌdi·viˈeɪ·ʃən/ [ U ] Any deviation from the party line is seen as betrayal. I. de·vi·ate SUBST [ˈdi:viət] SOZIOL deviate von der Norm abweichende Person sexual/social deviate von der sexuellen/sozialen Norm abweichende Person II. de·vi·ate VERB intr [ˈdi:vieɪt] 1. deviate (diverge): deviate abweichen deviate POL [von der Parteilinie] abweichen fachspr deviate from deviieren von +Dat to deviate from the norm von der Norm abweichen this weather pattern deviates from the norm das Wetter ist für diese Jahreszeit unüblich 2. deviate (go in another direction): deviate sich Akk entfernen to deviate from the route sich Akk vom Weg entfernen to deviate from the route vom Weg abkommen to deviate from a rule von einer Regel abweichen to deviate from a rule sich Akk nicht an eine Regel halten

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disturb [diˈstəːb] ♦ verb 1 to interrupt or take attention away from: I'm sorry, am I disturbing you? مزاحم شدن؛ آشفته کردن 2 to worry or make anxious: This news has disturbed me very much. پریشان کردن 3 to stir up or throw into confusion: A violent storm disturbed the surface of the lake. نابسامان کردن؛ مغشوش کردن diˈsturbance ♦ noun 1 a noisy or disorderly happening: He was thrown out of the meeting for causing a disturbance. اختلال؛ ناآرامی 2 an interruption: I've done quite a lot of work, despite several disturbances. وقفه 3 an act of disturbing: He was arrested for disturbance of the peace. آشوب؛ فتنه 1. disturb (interrupt): to disturb sb/sth jdn/etw stören to disturb the peace die öffentliche Sicherheit und Ordnung stören to disturb the peace Unruhe stiften 2. disturb (worry): to disturb sb jdn beunruhigen to be disturbed by sth von etw Dat beunruhigt werden 3. disturb (disarrange): to disturb sth etw durcheinanderbringen no frown ever disturbed his placid countenance ruhig wie er war, verzog er nie auch nur eine Miene to disturb sb's hair jds Haare zerzausen II. dis·turb [dɪˈstɜ:b, Am -tɜ:rb] VERB intr disturb stören “do not disturb” „bitte nicht stören“ to disturb sb exceedingly veraltet jdn aufs Äußerste beunruhigen to disturb sb's equanimity jdn aus dem Gleichgewicht bringen they hoped another flare-up wouldn't disturb the peace process sie hofften, dass der Friedensprozess nicht durch weitere Unruhen gestört wird loath as I am to disturb your meditations, but ... es tut mir wirklich leid, dich aus deinen Gedanken reißen zu müssen, aber ...

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allegiance [əˈliːdʒəns] ♦ noun loyalty to a person, group, idea etc : I have no allegiance to any political party. وفاداری al·le·giance [əˈli:ʤən(t)s] SUBST usu Sg allegiance Loyalität f <-, -en> allegiance Ergebenheit f <-> oath of allegiance Fahneneid m <-(e)s, -e> to pledge [or swear]allegiance to sb jdm Treue geloben [o. schwören] to pledge [or swear]allegiance to sth ein Gelübde auf etw Akk ablegen Mehr anzeigen abjuration of allegiance Aufkündigung f der Gefolgschaft to invoke allegiance/morality an die Treuepflicht/Moral appellieren to renounce allegiance to the king hist dem König die Gefolgschaft verweigern allegiance noun [ C or U ] formal UK /əˈliː.dʒəns/ US /əˈliː.dʒəns/ Add to word list loyalty and support for a ruler, country, group, or belief: pledge allegiance to In many American schools, the students used to pledge allegiance to the flag at the beginning of the school day. pledge allegiance They all pledged allegiance by kissing the king's hand. swear allegiance to Soldiers have to swear allegiance to the Crown/the King. As an Englishman who'd lived for a long time in France, he felt a certain conflict of allegiances when the two countries played soccer.

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delimit verb [ T ] formal UK /ˌdiːˈlɪm.ɪt/ US /ˌdiːˈlɪm.ɪt/ Add to word list to mark or describe the limits of something: Police powers are delimited by law. de·lim·it [dɪˈlɪmɪt] VERB trans form to delimit sth power etw einschränken to delimit a boundary eine Grenze abstecken delimitation noun [ C or U ] formal UK /ˌdiː.lɪm.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌdiː.lɪm.əˈteɪ.ʃən/ Add to word list the marking or describing of the limits of something: The main focus was the delimitation of responsibilities between the police and the judiciary. delimitation Abgrenzung f <-, -en> Deutsch Englisch Kompetenzabgrenzung delimitation [or delineation] of powers Aufgabenabgrenzung delimitation of tasks

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advocate [ˈӕdvəkət] ♦ noun a supporter, a person who is in favour (of): an advocate of reform. مدافع؛ طرفدار [-keit]verb to recommend: He advocated increasing the charges. خواهان چیزی بودن؛ طرفداری کردن advocate verb UK /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ US /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ Add to word list C2 [ I or T ] to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something: [ + -ing verb ] She advocates taking a more long-term view. He advocates the return of capital punishment. We will continue to advocate for a regional, cooperative approach to the construction project. advocate verb [ T ] UK /ˈædvəkeɪt/ US Add to word list to publicly support or suggest an idea, plan, or way of doing something: The Food Standards Agency advocated a ban on advertising junk food to children. advocate doing sth We would advocate selling those shares at current levels. advocate noun [ C ] UK /ˈædvəkət/ US someone who publicly supports something they believe in: an advocate for sth He was an advocate for small businesses around Newark. an advocate of sth She is a passionate advocate of "organic" clothes. LAW a lawyer who defends someone in a court: Advocates are often asked for their opinion on complex points of law. ad·vo·cate VERB trans [ˈædvəkeɪt] 1. advocate (support): to advocate sth etw unterstützen [o. befürworten] she advocates taking a more long-term view sie ist dafür, eine langfristigere Perspektive einzunehmen 2. advocate JUR (argue for, defend): to advocate sth sich Akk für etw Akk einsetzen to advocate a cause für eine Sache eintreten to advocate a cause sich Akk für eine Sache einsetzen [o. engagieren] II. ad·vo·cate SUBST [ˈædvəkət, -keɪt] 1. advocate POL: advocate Befürworter(in) m (f) <-s, -> advocate Verfechter(in) m (f) <-s, -> to be an advocate of environmentalism/women's rights für den Umweltschutz/die Rechte der Frauen eintreten strong advocate engagierter Befürworter/engagierte Befürworterin 2. advocate JUR: advocate [Rechts]anwalt(-anwältin) m (f) advocate (defence lawyer) Verteidiger(in) m (f) <-s, -> Wendungen: the devil's advocate Advocatus m Diaboli OpenDict-Eintrag advocate VERB to advocate a theory eine Theorie verfechten dev·il's ˈad·vo·cate SUBST devil's advocate Advocatus Diaboli m <- -, -ti -bo·li> to play the devil's advocate den Advocatus Diaboli spielen OpenDict-Eintrag devil's advocate SUBST to play the devil's advocate des Teufels Advokat [oder Anwalt] spielen

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interfere [intəˈfiə] ♦ verb 1 (often with in, ~with ) to (try to) become involved in etc , when one's help etc is not wanted: I wish you would stop interfering (with my plans); Don't interfere in other people's business! دخالت کردن 2 (with with ) to prevent, stop or slow down the progress of: He doesn't let anything interfere with his game of golf on Saturday mornings. مانع شدن؛ مختل کردن ˌinterˈference ♦ noun 1 the act of interfering: She was infuriated by his mother's interference in their holiday arrangements. دخالت 2 (the spoiling of radio or television reception by) the noise caused by programmes from another station, bad weather etc : This television set picks up a lot of interference. پارازیت ˌinterˈfering ♦ adjective an interfering old woman. فضول 1. interfere (meddle): to interfere [in sth] sich Akk [in etw Akk ] einmischen she tried not to interfere in her children's lives sie versuchte, sich aus den Angelegenheiten ihrer Kinder herauszuhalten to interfere in sb's affairs sich Akk in jds Angelegenheiten einmischen 2. interfere (disturb): to interfere with sb/sth jdn/etw stören even a low level of noise interferes with my concentration ich kann mich schon bei der geringsten Geräuschkulisse nicht mehr konzentrieren somebody has been interfering with my papers again jemand hat sich wieder an meinen Papieren zu schaffen gemacht 3. interfere RADIO, TECH, COMPUT (hamper signals): to interfere with sth etw überlagern [o. stören] 4. interfere Brit euph (molest sexually): to interfere with sb jdn sexuell missbrauchen he was sent to prison for interfering with little boys er kam ins Gefängnis, weil er sich an kleinen Jungen vergangen hatte the body has been interfered with die Leiche zeigt Spuren eines Sittlichkeitsverbrechens 5. interfere (strike against): to interfere with one another aneinanderstoßen 6. interfere JUR: to interfere with witnesses Zeugen beeinflussen

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US UK coherent [kəˈhiərənt] ♦ adjective clear and logical: He was able to give a coherent account of what had happened. منطقی؛ منسجم coˈherently ♦ adverb . بطور منسجم coˈherence ♦ noun . انسجام coherent adjective UK /kəʊˈhɪə.rənt/ US /koʊˈhɪr.ənt/ Add to word list C2 If an argument, set of ideas, or a plan is coherent, it is clear and carefully considered, and each part of it connects or follows in a natural or reasonable way. C2 If someone is coherent, you can understand what that person says: When she calmed down, she was more coherent (= able to speak clearly and be understood). co·her·ent [kə(ʊ)ˈhɪərənt, Am koʊˈhɪr-] ADJ coherent ideas zusammenhängend coherent system, work in sich Dat geschlossen coherent idea, words verständlich coherent argument schlüssiges Argument coherent speech/story zusammenhängende Rede/Geschichte coherent bundle PHYS kohärentes Bündel she accused the government of lacking any coherent industrial strategy sie warf der Regierung vor, sie habe keine klare Linie im Umgang mit der Industrie coherent argument schlüssiges Argument coherent speech/story zusammenhängende Rede/Geschichte coherent bundle PHYS kohärentes Bündel she accused the government of lacking any coherent industrial strategy sie warf der Regierung vor, sie habe keine klare Linie im Umgang mit der Industrie etw zusammenhängend berichten/darstellen to give a coherent account of sth sie konnte keinen vernünftigen Satz sprechen she couldn't say a single coherent sentence

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accentuate verb [ T ] UK /əkˈsen.tʃu.eɪt/ US /əkˈsen.tʃu.eɪt/ Add to word list to emphasize a particular feature of something or to make something more noticeable: Her dress was tightly belted, accentuating the slimness of her waist. The new policy only serves to accentuate the inadequacy of help for the homeless. 1. accentuate (highlight) aspect, feature, quality: to accentuate sth etw betonen [o. hervorheben] 2. accentuate MUS, LING: to accentuate sth etw akzentuieren

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compatible [kəmˈpӕtəbl] ♦ adjective able to agree or exist successfully side by side. سازگار؛ جور comˌpatiˈbility ♦ noun . سازگاری comˈpatibly ♦ adverb . با سازگاری 1. compatible (of people or animals): to be compatible zusammenpassen cats are not compatible with birds Katzen vertragen sich nicht mit Vögeln 2. compatible (of colours): to be compatible zusammenpassen the curtains aren't compatible with the carpet die Vorhänge beißen sich mit dem Teppich ugs 3. compatible MED (of blood groups): compatible kompatibel 4. compatible COMPUT: compatible kompatibel 5. compatible (consistent): compatible with vereinbar mit +Dat Blue·tooth-com·ˈpat·ible ADJ inv Bluetooth-compatible Bluetooth-kompatibel OpenDict-Eintrag backward compatible ADJ backward compatible COMPUT abwärtskompatibel backward compatible COMPUT rückwärtskompatibel

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extricate [ˈekstrikeit] ♦ verb to set free: He extricated her from her difficulties. خلاص کردن؛ رها کردن ˌextriˈcation ♦ noun . رهاسازی extricate verb [ T ] formal UK /ˈek.strɪ.keɪt/ US /ˈek.strɪ.keɪt/ Add to word list to remove something or set something free with difficulty: extricate something from something It took hours to extricate the car from the sand. extricate yourself from something I tried to extricate myself from the situation. ex·tri·cate [ˈekstrɪkeɪt] VERB trans form to extricate sb/sth from sth jdn/etw aus etw Dat befreien to extricate oneself from sth sich Akk aus etw Dat befreien to extricate oneself from a ticklish situation sich Akk aus einer heiklen Situation herauswinden

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tailor [ˈteilə] ♦ noun a person who cuts and makes suits, overcoats etc : He has his clothes made by a London tailor. خیاط ♦ verb 1 to make and fit (suits, coats etc ): He has his suits tailored in London. خیاطی کردن 2 to make (something) fit the circumstances; to adapt: He tailored his way of living to his income. سازگار کردن ˌtailor-ˈmade ♦ adjective 1 (especially of women's clothes) made by a tailor to fit a person exactly. خیاط دوخته 2 very well suited or adapted for some purpose: His new job seems tailor-made for him. ساخته شده tailor verb [ T ] UK /ˈteɪlər/ US Add to word list COMMERCE to make something specially so that it is right for a particular person, organization, or purpose: tailor sth for sb/sth You have to tailor application letters for each job you apply for. tailor sth to sb/sth The company is tailoring its services to specific industrial sectors. tailor sth to sb's needs Some of the best growth prospects lie in tailoring products to customers' needs. tailor sth to do sth A financial advisor can tailor a product to fit each person's circumstances. tailored adjective They prefer a tailored approach. Tax havens increasingly aim to provide specific tailored benefits for users. I. tai·lor [ˈteɪləʳ, Am -ɚ] SUBST tailor Schneider(in) m (f) <-s, -> tailor's chalk Schneiderkreide f <-, -n> tailor's dummy Schneiderpuppe f <-, -n> II. tai·lor [ˈteɪləʳ, Am -ɚ] VERB trans 1. tailor (make clothes): to tailor sth for sb etw für jdn [nach Maß] schneidern 2. tailor übtr (modify): to tailor sth for sb etw auf jdn abstimmen übtr [o. zuschneiden] to tailor sth to sb's needs [or requirements] etw auf jds Bedürfnisse [o. Anforderungen] abstimmen tai·lor-ˈmade ADJ inv 1. tailor-made (made-to-measure): tailor-made maßgeschneidert tailor-made nach Maß angefertigt all his suits are tailor-made er hat nur Maßanzüge to have sth tailor-made [sich Dat ] etw [maß]schneidern lassen 2. tailor-made übtr (suited): to be tailor-made for sb/sth für jdn/etw maßgeschneidert sein übtr it sounds as though you're tailor-made for the job es klingt so, als ob du genau der/die Richtige für den Job wärst tai·lor-ˈmake VERB trans to tailor-make sth etw [maß]schneidern übtr [o. [individuell] zusammenstellen]

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determine [diˈtəːmin] ♦ verb 1 to fix or settle; to decide: He determined his course of action. معیین کردن؛ مشخص کردن 2 to find out exactly: He tried to determine what had gone wrong. دقیقاً مشخص کردن؛ معلوم کردن deˌtermiˈnation ♦ noun 1 firmness of character or stubbornness: She showed her determination by refusing to give way. عزم راسخ؛ ارادۀ محکم 2 the act of determining. تعیین؛ معیین سازی deˈtermined ♦ adjective 1 having one's mind made up: She is determined to succeed. مصمم؛ قاطع 2 stubborn: He's very determined. سمج؛ قد 3 fixed or settled: Our route has already been determined. مشخص؛ معیین dē tu_r´mǝn, di-/ vt., vi. ● تعیین کردن،معین کردن،مشخص کردن،گماردن،دانسته کردن،معلوم کردن،پیش‌گذاشت کردن we must determine the cause of this disease ما باید علت این بیماری را معلوم کنیم. the date of the next meeting will be determined tomorrow تاریخ جلسه‌ی بعدی فردا تعیین خواهد شد. the central bank determines the amount of money in circulation بانک مرکزی میزان پول در گردش را معین می‌کند. ● حکم قطعی دادن،(به طور قطعی) داوری کردن،رای قطعی صادر کردن،مورد مطالعه و نظردهی قرار دادن،نظر نهایی دادن، the U.S. Surgeon General has determined that cigarette smoking can be hazardous to your health مدیر کل بهداری امریکا نظر داده است که کشیدن سیگار ممکن است برای سلامتی مضر باشد. the judge will determine his fate قاضی سرنوشت او را تعیین خواهد کرد. ● ماهیت چیزی را تعیین کردن،پیش‌گمار کردن genes also determine height and looks ژن‌ها قد و قیافه را هم تعیین می‌کنند. ● (دقیقا) محاسبه کردن،برآورد کردن،به تحقیق معلوم کردن to determine a ship's position مکان کشتی را تعیین کردن ● (حقوق) به پایان رسیدن یا رساندن،سلب کردن یا شدن ● تصمیم گرفتن،اراده کردن when he really determines to do something, he does it وقتی واقعا اراده به انجام کاری بکند آن را انجام می‌دهد. * determine on (or upon) something (در مورد چیزی) تصمیم قطعی گرفتن،کمر همت بستن * determine somebody against something کسی را برضد چیزی (یا در رد چیزی) مصمم کردن their behavior determined Pari against going to their house again رفتار آنان پری را مصمم کرد که دیگر به خانه‌ی آنها نرود.

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having strange or unusual habits, ways of behaving, or features: The film, three hours long, is directed in his usual idiosyncratic style. He follows a very idiosyncratic schedule. idiosyncrasy noun [ C usually plural ] UK /ˌɪd.i.əˈsɪŋ.krə.si/ US /ˌɪd.i.əˈsɪŋ.krə.si/ Add to word list a strange or unusual habit, way of behaving, or feature that someone or something has: little idiosyncrasy She often cracks her knuckles when she's speaking - it's one of her little idiosyncrasies. One of the idiosyncrasies of this printer is that you can't stop it once it has started. diosyncrasy noun [ C ] US /ˌɪd·i·əˈsɪŋ·krə·si/ Add to word list a strange or unusual habit, way of behaving, or feature: One of her many idiosyncrasies is always smelling a book before opening it. dio·syn·cra·sy [ˌɪdiə(ʊ)ˈsɪŋkrəsi, Am -oʊˈsɪn-] SUBST 1. idiosyncrasy (peculiarity): idiosyncrasy Eigenart f <-, -en> idiosyncrasy Eigenheit f <-, -en> 2. idiosyncrasy LING: idiosyncrasy Idiosynkrasie f <-, -si̱·en> idio·syn·crat·ic [ˌɪdiə(ʊ)sɪŋˈkrætɪk, Am -oʊsɪnˈkræt̬-] ADJ 1. idiosyncratic (typical): idiosyncratic charakteristisch idiosyncratic typisch 2. idiosyncratic LING: idiosyncratic idiosynkratisch

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attribute [əˈtribjut] ♦ verb 1 to think of as being written, made etc by: The play is attributed to Shakespeare. نسبت دادن؛ منتسب کردن به 2 to think of as being caused by: He attributed his illness to the cold weather. وابسته دانستن [ˈatribjuːt]noun a quality that is a particular part of a person or thing: Intelligence is not one of his attributes. خصلت؛ خصوصیت

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duplicate [ˈdjuːplikət] ♦ adjective exactly the same as something else: a duplicate key. همانند ♦ noun 1 another thing of exactly the same kind: He managed to find a perfect duplicate of the ring she had lost. لنگه؛ جفت 2 an exact copy of something written: She gave everyone a duplicate of her report. رونوشت [-keit]verb to make an exact copy or copies of: He duplicated the letter. کپی کردن ˌdupliˈcation ♦ noun . نسخه برداری ˈduplicator [-kei-] ♦ noun a machine for making copies. دستگاه تکثیر . du·pli·cate VERB trans [ˈdju:plɪkeɪt, Am esp ˈdu:-] 1. duplicate (replicate): to duplicate sth eine zweite Anfertigung von etw Dat machen to duplicate sth (repeat an activity) etw noch einmal machen parenthood is an experience that nothing else can duplicate übtr die Erfahrung, Vater oder Mutter zu sein, kann durch nichts ersetzt werden 2. duplicate: duplicate (copy) etw nachmachen duplicate (photocopy) etw kopieren to duplicate a device ein Gerät nachbauen II. du·pli·cate VERB intr duplicate of a bookkeeping entry: to duplicate with sth miteinander übereinstimmen III. du·pli·cate ADJ [ˈdju:plɪkət, Am ˈdu:-] attr, inv duplicate Doppel- duplicate Zweit- duplicate key Nachschlüssel m <-s, -> IV. du·pli·cate SUBST [ˈdju:plɪkət, Am ˈdu:-] duplicate Duplikat nt <-(e)s, -e> duplicate Zweitschrift f <-, -en> duplicate Kopie f <-, -n> duplicate of a document Zweitausfertigung f <-, -en> duplicate of a document Zweitschrift f <-, -en> Mehr anzeigen du·pli·cate ˈbridge SUBST duplicate bridge Bridgeart, bei der das Spiel mit derselben Kartenverteilung, aber mit anderen Spielern wiederholt wird

Answer 85

US UK margin [ˈmaːdʒin] ♦ noun 1 the blank edge round a page of writing or print: Please write your comments in the margin. حاشیه 2 an edge or border: the margin of the lake. لبه 3 something extra, beyond what should be needed: Leave a wide margin for error! حد ˈmarginal ♦ adjective small and almost non-existent or unimportant: a marginal improvement. حاشیه ای margin noun UK /ˈmɑː.dʒɪn/ US /ˈmɑːr.dʒɪn/ margin noun (DIFFERENCE) Add to word list C2 [ C ] the amount by which one thing is different from another: The Senate approved the use of military force by a margin of 52 votes to 47. The poll shows that the government is leading by the narrowest of margins. margin noun [ C ] UK /ˈmɑːdʒɪn/ US Add to word list the amount by which one thing is more or less than another: by a margin of sth The president won the election by a tiny margin. a wide/large/comfortable margin They are the largest building society by a comfortable margin. a narrow/small/slim margin a 40-vote/5-point/2-to-1, etc. margin On the New York Stock Exchange, declines outpaced gainers by a 4-3 margin. Kennedy's margin of victory was only 719,000. ACCOUNTING, COMMERCE the difference between the total cost of making and selling something and the price it is sold for: a low/poor margin Intense competition leads to lower prices and margins. a high/good margin They wanted to produce higher margin products. a margin on sth The company will make a whopping 80% margin on this sale. Our increased profits are due to improved margins. mar·gin [ˈmɑ:ʤɪn, Am ˈmɑ:r-] SUBST 1. margin (outer edge): margin Rand m <-es, Ränder> margin TYPO [Seiten]rand m on the margins of society am Rand[e] der Gesellschaft to write sth in the margin TYPO etw an den Rand schreiben 2. margin (amount): margin Differenz f <-, -en> margin Abstand m <-(e)s, -stän·de> to win by a wide [or large]/narrow [or small]margin mit einem großen/knappen Vorsprung [o. Abstand] gewinnen 3. margin (provision): margin Spielraum m <-(e)s> kein pl margin WISS Streubereich m margin of [or for] error Fehlerspanne f safety margin [or margin for safety] Sicherheitsspielraum m safety margin [or margin for safety] (distance) Sicherheitsabstand m <-(e)s, -stände> Mehr anzeigen 4. margin WIRTSCH: [profit] margin Gewinnspanne f <-, -n> [profit] margin Verdienstspanne f <-, -n> [profit] margin Marge f <-, -n> fachspr narrow [or tight]margin geringe [o. knappe] Gewinnspanne 5. margin FIN (deposit): margin Einschuss m <-es, -schlüs·se> margin Einschussmarge f margin Einschusszahlung f margin Marge f <-, -n> margin call Einschussforderung f to buy on margin auf Einschuss kaufen 6. margin FIN (difference between paid and charged interest): margin Zinsspanne f 7. margin BÖRSE (difference between base rates and premium rates): margin Ekart m <-s, -s> OpenDict-Eintrag margin SUBST contribution margin WIRTSCH Bruttogewinn m contribution margin WIRTSCH Deckungsbeitrag m gross ˈmar·gin SUBST 1. gross margin (difference between cost and sales price): gross margin Handelsspanne f <-, -n> gross margin Bruttospanne f 2. gross margin FIN: gross margin Bruttogewinnspanne f ˈmar·gin call SUBST BÖRSE margin call Nachschussforderung f margin call Einschussforderung f ˈmar·gin re·lease SUBST margin release Randlöser m hard ˈmar·gin SUBST Irish hard margin befestigter Seitenstreifen nt hard margin Bankett nt <-(e)s, -e> ˈprof·it mar·gin SUBST profit margin Gewinnspanne f <-, -n> profit margin Gewinnmarge f <-, -n> for·ward ˈmar·gin SUBST FIN forward margin Spanne f zwischen Kassapreis und Terminpreis margin up VERB intr ugs to margin up on sth stocks etw aufstocken OpenDict-Eintrag growth margin SUBST growth margin FIN Wachstumsspielraum m margin SUBST FINMKT margin (Differenz zwischen Aktiv- und Passivzinssätzen der Bank sowie zwischen den An- und Verkaufspreisen von ausländischen Währungen, Devisen und Edelmetallen) Marge f margin (Differenz zwischen Aktiv- und Passivzinssätzen der Bank sowie zwischen den An- und Verkaufspreisen von ausländischen Währungen, Devisen und Edelmetallen) Margin f margin SUBST FINMKT margin (Marge: 1. Kursunterschied zwischen Kauf- und Verkaufskurs; 2. Kursunterschied zwischen Inhaber- und Namensaktien einer Gesellschaft; 3. unterschiedliche Verzinsung von Obligationen) Ecart m margin SUBST INV-FIN margin (Sicherheitsleistung, die in Form von Bargeld oder Wertschriften vor der Ausführung eines Auftrags auf dem Marginkonto hinterlegt werden muss) Einschuss m margin (Sicherheitsleistung, die in Form von Bargeld oder Wertschriften vor der Ausführung eines Auftrags auf dem Marginkonto hinterlegt werden muss) Einschussmarge f further margin SUBST FINMKT further margin (nachträgliche Erhöhung der für die Gesellschafter festgelegten Beiträge bzw. Ergänzungen von durch Verlust geminderten Einlagen) Nachschuss m variation margin SUBST FINMKT variation margin Abweichungsmarge f variation margin Nachschussmarge f variation margin Variationsmarge f margin day SUBST RECHW margin day Randtag m fluctuation margin SUBST FINMKT fluctuation margin Schwankungsbandbreite f margin call SUBST FINMKT margin call (Aufforderung zum Nachschuss von Sicherheitsleistungen (Margins)) Margin Call m margin coverage SUBST FINMKT margin coverage Margendeckung f margin account SUBST FINMKT margin account Effekten-Kreditkonto nt conservative margin SUBST conservative margin Erdkruste bewahrender Rand (einer Platte) destructive margin SUBST destructive margin Erdkruste verbrauchender Rand collision margin SUBST collision margin Erdkruste aufschiebender Rand constructive margin SUBST constructive margin Erdkruste bildender Rand (einer Platte) eastern margin climate SUBST eastern margin climate Ostküstenklima western margin climate [ˈwestənˌmɑːdʒɪnˌklaɪmət] SUBST western margin climate Westküstenklima carpel margin [ˈkɑːpelˌmɑːdʒɪn] SUBST carpel margin Fruchtblattrand lobed margin SUBST lobed margin gelappter Rand

Answer 86

isseminate verb [ T ] formal UK /dɪˈsem.ɪ.neɪt/ US /dɪˈsem.ə.neɪt/ Add to word list to spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people: One of the organization's aims is to disseminate information about the disease. disseminate verb [ T ] COMMUNICATIONS formal UK /dɪˈsemɪneɪt/ US Add to word list to spread or give out news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people: There is no clear legal responsibility for businesses to disseminate usable information about their business. Technology is changing the way in which the government gathers, stores, disseminates, and preserves documents and data.

Answer 87

induce verb formal UK /ɪnˈdjuːs/ US /ɪnˈduːs/ induce verb (PERSUADE) Add to word list [ T + obj + to infinitive ] to persuade someone to do something: induce someone to do something They induced her to take the job by promising editorial freedom. nothing could induce Nothing could induce me (= I definitely cannot be persuaded) to climb a mountain/ride a bike. induce verb [ T ] UK /ɪnˈdjuːs/ US Add to word list to make something happen or to persuade someone to do something: The aim of advertising is to induce brand loyalty. induce sb to do sth Salesmen may make untrue statements to try to induce you to buy the product. in·duce [ɪnˈdju:s, Am esp -ˈdu:s] VERB trans 1. induce (persuade): to induce sb to do sth jdn dazu bringen [o. geh bewegen] , etw zu tun nothing could induce me to do a bungee-jump! nichts auf der Welt könnte mich zum Bungeejumping bewegen! 2. induce (cause): to induce sth etw hervorrufen [o. bewirken] these pills induce drowsiness diese Tabletten machen schläfrig 3. induce (cause birth): to induce sth abortion, birth, labour etw einleiten twins are often induced Zwillingsgeburten werden häufig künstlich eingeleitet to induce a pregnant woman [to give birth] bei einer Schwangeren die Geburt künstlich einleiten 4. induce ELEK, PHYS: to induce sth etw induzieren fachspr to induce a[n] [electrical] current Strom induzieren 5. induce MATH, PHILOS: to induce sth etw induzieren fachspr OpenDict-Eintrag induce VERB to induce sth etw herbeiführen OpenDict-Eintrag induce VERB to induce sb to do sth jdn dazu verleiten, etw zu tun to induce anaesthesia narkotisieren to induce an abortion eine Abtreibung einleiten to induce labour die Wehen einleiten

Answer 88

funnel [ˈfanl] ♦ noun 1 a tube which is wide-mouthed at one end and narrow-mouthed at the other through which liquid can be poured into a narrow bottle etc : You will need a funnel if you are going to pour petrol into that can. قیف 2 a chimney on a ship etc through which smoke escapes. دودکش استوانه ای funnel noun [ C ] UK /ˈfʌn.əl/ US /ˈfʌn.əl/ funnel noun [C] (TUBE) Add to word list an object that has a wide round opening at the top, sloping sides, and a narrow tube at the bottom, used for pouring liquids or powders into containers with narrow necks: After you grind the coffee, use a funnel to pour it into the jar. funnel verb UK /ˈfʌn.əl/ US /ˈfʌn.əl/ -ll- or US usually -l- [ I or T, usually + adv/prep ] to put something or to travel through a funnel or something that acts like a funnel: funnel down The wind funnels down these narrow streets. The children funelled along the corridor into the school hall. The team were content to play defensively, with midfielders and forwards funnelling back to support the defence. funnel into If you funnel the oil into the engine, you're less likely to spill it. [ T usually + adv/prep ] to send something directly and intentionally: funnel something to someone/something No one knows who has been funnelling weapons to the terrorists. These laws ensure that local revenue for education is funelled into schemes overseen by the local education authority. I. fun·nel [ˈfʌnəl] SUBST 1. funnel (tool): funnel Trichter m <-s, -> 2. funnel (on train, ship): funnel Schornstein m funnel Rauchfang m <-(e)s, -fänge> A, CH II. fun·nel [ˈfʌnəl] VERB trans 1. funnel (pour): to funnel sth into sth etw [mit einem Trichter] in etw Akk einfüllen 2. funnel übtr (direct): to funnel sth to sb jdm etw zuleiten to funnel information/money/weapons to sb jdn mit Informationen/Geld/Waffen versorgen to funnel sth on sth etw auf etw Akk richten to funnel one's attention on sth sich Akk [voll und ganz] auf etw Akk konzentrieren III. fun·nel [ˈfʌnəl] VERB intr funnel people drängen funnel liquids fließen funnel gases strömen the wind funnels down these narrow streets der Wind pfeift durch diese engen Gassen ˈthis·tle fun·nel SUBST CHEM thistle funnel Glockentrichter m ˈfeed·ing fun·nel SUBST CHEM feeding funnel Fülltrichter m sepa·ra·ting fun·nel [sepəreɪtɪŋ-ˈ, Am -əreɪt-] SUBST CHEM separating funnel Scheidetrichter m fun·nel-web ˈspi·der SUBST funnel-web spider Röhrenspinne f dropping funnel Tropftrichter m

Answer 89

adverse [ˈӕdvəːs] ♦ adjective unfavourable: adverse criticism. مخالف؛ نامطلوب ˈadversely ♦ adverb . بطور مخالف adˈversity ♦ noun misfortune or hardship. بدبختی؛ بدبیاری adverse adjective [ before noun ] UK /ˈæd.vɜːs/ /ədˈvɜːs/ US /ædˈvɝːs/ Add to word list C2 having a negative or harmful effect on something: adverse publicity They received a lot of adverse publicity about the changes. adverse effect So far the drug is thought not to have any adverse effects. adverse reaction I had an adverse reaction to the injection. adverse conditions The match has been cancelled because of adverse conditions. adverse weather The forecasters are expecting adverse weather for the next few days. adverse adjective [ before noun ] UK /ˈædvɜːs/ US Add to word list harmful or likely to cause problems: A chain reaction of adverse events in the financial markets has put lenders under severe pressure. adverse effect/impact/change Recent bad publicity has had an adverse effect on sales. adverse conditions/consequences/circumstances Many experts believe it may be too late to prevent adverse consequences to the world's climate system. adverse reaction/side-effect Some people have adverse reactions to additives and preservatives used in many foods. 1. adverse (hostile): adverse ablehnend adverse reaction Ablehnung f <-, -en> 2. adverse (unfavourable): adverse ungünstig adverse criticism, effect negativ adverse [weather] conditions widrige [Wetter]verhältnisse to have an adverse effect on sb/sth sich Akk nachteilig auf jdn/etw auswirken adverse impact nachteilige Auswirkung Mehr anzeigen 3. adverse FIN: adverse balance Unterbilanz f ad·verse bal·ance of ˈtrade SUBST HANDEL adverse balance of trade passive Handelsbilanz OpenDict-Eintrag adverse reaction SUBST adverse reaction PHARM [ungewollte, oft auch unerwartete] Nebenwirkung

Answer 90

bargain [ˈbaːgin] ♦ noun 1 something bought cheaply and giving good value for money: This carpet was a real bargain. با قیمت خوب؛ مورد مناسب 2 an agreement made between people: I'll make a bargain with you. معامله؛ قرارداد ♦ verb to argue about or discuss a price etc : I bargained with him and finally got the price down. چانه زدن bargain for to expect or take into consideration: I didn't bargain for everyone arriving at once. انتظار داشتن bargain noun [ C ] UK /ˈbɑː.ɡɪn/ US /ˈbɑːr.ɡɪn/ bargain noun [C] (LOW PRICE) Add to word list B1 something on sale at a lower price than its true value: This coat was half-price - a real bargain. The airline regularly offers last-minute bookings at bargain prices. The sales had started and the bargain hunters (= people looking for things at a low price) were out in force. bargain noun [ C ] UK /ˈbɑːɡɪn/ US Add to word list COMMERCE something that is on sale at a lower price than usual: The airline regularly offers last-minute bookings at bargain prices. an agreement between two people or groups in which each promises to do something in exchange for something else: strike/make a bargain The management and employees eventually struck a bargain. See also Dutch bargain COMMERCE a situation in which two or more people agree on a price that something is sold at: strike a bargain They felt that the offer was too low but after some negotiation they eventually struck a bargain. STOCK MARKET in the UK, an act of buying or selling shares on the London Stock Exchange: After the bargain is completed, the broker will want to know when payment will be made. into the bargain (US also in the bargain) in addition to other facts which have been mentioned previously: Our latest recruit is an excellent analyst, and a very good manager into the bargain. 1. bargain (agreement): bargain Handel m <-s> kein pl bargain Geschäft nt <-(e)s, -e> to drive a hard bargain hart verhandeln to drive a hard bargain einen harten Verhandlungskurs fahren to keep one's side of the bargain seinen Anteil [des Abkommens] erfüllen Mehr anzeigen 2. bargain (good buy): bargain guter Kauf what a bargain! das ist aber günstig! [o. ja geschenkt!] a real bargain ein echtes Schnäppchen ugs 3. bargain BÖRSE (good offer): bargain Börsengeschäft nt <-(e)s, -e> bargain Abschluss m <-es, Abschlüsse> bargains done Anzahl der Abschlüsse [o. Börsengeschäfte] Wendungen: into the bargain darüber hinaus into the bargain obendrein into the bargain noch dazu II. bar·gain [ˈbɑ:gɪn, Am ˈbɑ:r-] SUBST modifier bargain buy Preisschlager m <-s, -> bargain counter Sonderangebotstisch m bargain counter Theke f für Sonderangebote bargain offer Sonderangebot nt <-(e)s, -e> bargain rate Sonderpreis m <-es, -e> bargain table Tisch m mit Sonderangeboten III. bar·gain [ˈbɑ:gɪn, Am ˈbɑ:r-] VERB intr 1. bargain (negotiate): to bargain [with sb] [mit jdm] [ver]handeln to bargain for sth um etw Akk feilschen 2. bargain (expect): to bargain that ... damit rechnen [o. davon ausgehen] , dass ... ˈtime bar·gain SUBST BÖRSE time bargain [Börsen]termingeschäft nt ˈbar·gain hunt·er SUBST bargain hunter Schnäppchenjäger(in) m (f) <-s, -; -, -nen> ugs bargain on VERB intr to bargain on sth auf etw Akk zählen to bargain on sth sich Akk auf etw Akk verlassen I. bar·gain ˈbase·ment SUBST Am bargain basement Untergeschoss (im Kaufhaus) mit Sonderangeboten II. bar·gain ˈbase·ment SUBST modifier I'm selling this at a bargain basement price ich verkaufe dies zu einem Sonderpreis bargain basement prices Dumpingpreise pl ˈbar·gain-priced ADJ inv bargain-priced stark reduziert nach Subst bargain-priced zum Schleuderpreis ˈbar·gain bin SUBST bargain bin Wühlkorb m <-(e)s, -körbe> ˈbar·gain price SUBST bargain price Sonderpreis m <-es, -e> bargain price Spottpreis m <-es, -e> ugs ˈbar·gain sale SUBST bargain sale Verkauf m zu herabgesetzten Preisen m bargain sale Ausverkauf m <-(e)s, -käufe> OpenDict-Eintrag plea bargain SUBST plea bargain JUR (außergerichtl.) Vergleich zur Abwendung eines Gerichtsverfahrens plea bargain JUR Verhandlung zwischen Anklage und Verteidigung für eine mildere Strafe

Answer 91

broker [ˈbrəukə] ♦ noun a person employed to buy and sell (especially shares etc ) for others: an insurance broker; a stockbroker. دلال؛ کارگذار broker noun [ C ] UK /ˈbrəʊkər/ US Add to word list COMMERCE, FINANCE, STOCK MARKET a person or a company that buys and sells shares, bonds, currencies, insurance, etc. for other people or organizations: In all these matters, your broker will be able to advise you. firm of insurance brokers a person who talks to opposing sides, especially governments, making arrangements for them or bringing disagreements to an end: He acted as a broker in the peace negotiations. brokerage noun STOCK MARKET, FINANCE, COMMERCE UK /ˈbrəʊkərɪdʒ/ US Add to word list [ C ] (also brokerage house) an organization that buys and sells currency, shares, etc. For other people or organizations: Several brokerages compete to match buyers and sellers of a given stock. [ U ] (also broking) the activity of buying and selling currency, shares, etc.: Investors want the company to quit insurance brokerage and move into shipping services. [ C or U ] the amount of money that a broker charges: They charged brokerage of around 10%. bro·ker·age [ˈbrəʊkərɪʤ, Am ˈbroʊ-] SUBST no pl WIRTSCH 1. brokerage (activity): brokerage Maklergeschäft nt 2. brokerage HANDEL (fee): brokerage Maklergebühr f <-, -en> brokerage Courtage f <-, -n> brokerage Brokerage nt brokerage fee Maklergebühr f <-, -en> ˈbro·ker·age house SUBST BÖRSE brokerage house Brokerfirma f ˈstock bro·ker·age SUBST stock brokerage Courtage f <-, -n> in·ˈvest·ment bro·ker·age SUBST FIN investment brokerage Anlagevermittlung f ˈbro·ker·age firm SUBST brokerage firm Maklerfirma f <-, -firmen> brokerage firm Brokerage-Gesellschaft f inter·net ˈbro·ker·age SUBST no pl internet brokerage Internetbrokerage nt

Answer 92

objective [əbˈdʒektiv] ♦ noun a thing aimed at: Our objective is freedom. هدف ♦ adjective not influenced by personal opinions etc : He tried to take an objective view of the situation. بی غرض obˈjectively ♦ adverb He considered the problem objectively. با بی غرضی objective noun [ C ] UK /əbˈdʒektɪv/ US Add to word list something that you are planning to do or achieve: agree/establish/set objectives Management must set clear objectives that everyone subscribes to. achieve/meet/reach your objectives Investing globally enhances the fund's ability to meet its primary objective. key/main/primary/principal objective The primary investment objective of the account is to maximize after-tax returns. long-term/short-term objective The company failed to meet its short-term objective of expanding into Asia. business/company/performance objectives financial/investment/strategic objectives I. ob·jec·tive [əbˈʤektɪv] SUBST 1. objective (aim): objective Zielsetzung f <-, -en> objective Ziel nt <-(e)s, -e> management by objectives Unternehmensführung f mit Zielvorgabe long-term/short-term objective langfristige/kurzfristige Zielsetzung main [or primary]objective Hauptziel nt <-(e)s, -e> to achieve [or attain][or meet] one's objective sein Ziel erreichen 2. objective FOTO: objective Objektiv nt <-s, -e> II. ob·jec·tive [əbˈʤektɪv] ADJ 1. objective (unbiased): objective objektiv 2. objective (actual): objective sachlich objective fact Tatsache f <-, -en> ˈlearn·ing ob·jec·tive SUBST learning objective Lernziel nt <-(e)s, -e> com·pa·ny ob·ˈjec·tive SUBST company objective Unternehmensziel nt <-(e)s, -e> man·age·ment-by-ob·ˈjec·tive ADJ attr, inv management-by-objective zielorientiert (mit Bezug auf einen Managementstil)

Answer 93

undertake [andəˈteik] ♦ verb– past tense ˌunderˈtook [-ˈtuk]past participle ˌunderˈtaken – 1 to accept (a duty, task, responsibility etc ): He undertook the job willingly. تقبل کردن 2 to promise (eg to do something): He has undertaken to appear at the police court tomorrow. تعهد کردن ˈundertaker [-teikə] ♦ noun a person who organizes funerals. مامور کفن و دفن ˌunderˈtaking ♦ noun 1 a task or piece of work: I didn't realize what a large undertaking this job would be. کار؛ مسئولیت 2 a promise: He made an undertaking that he would pay the money back. تضمین؛ تعهد undertake verb [ T ] UK /ˌʌn.dəˈteɪk/ US /ˌʌn.dɚˈteɪk/ undertook | undertaken undertake verb [T] (DO) Add to word list C1 [ T ] formal to do or begin to do something, especially something that will take a long time or be difficult: Students are required to undertake simple experiments. undertake verb UK /ˌʌndəˈteɪk/ US undertook | undertaken Add to word list [ T ] to do or begin to do something, especially something that will take a long time or be difficult: He needs to undertake a proper cashflow and budgeting exercise. Some companies have undertaken a thorough transformation of their production methods. [ I ] formal to promise or agree that you will do something: undertake to do sth All banks have undertaken to give printouts on request of standing orders and direct debits. 1. undertake (set about, take on): to undertake sth etw durchführen to undertake a journey eine Reise unternehmen to undertake an offensive in die Offensive gehen to undertake a role eine Rolle übernehmen 2. undertake form (guarantee): to undertake to do sth sich Akk verpflichten, etw zu tun to undertake [that] ... garantieren, [dass] ... to undertake an operation etwas vornehmen to undertake an operation an eine Sache herangehen

Answer 94

1. cope (mentally): cope zurechtkommen he just couldn't cope any longer er konnte einfach nicht mehr to cope with children/difficult people mit Kindern/schwierigen Personen fertigwerden [o. zurechtkommen] to cope with a problem/job/situation ein Problem/einen Job/eine Situation bewältigen to cope with a difficult task eine schwierige Aufgabe meistern 2. cope (physically): cope gewachsen sein to cope with sth etw schaffen OpenDict-Eintrag cope VERB to cope with sth mit etw (dat) klarkommen ugs to cope with sth (stroke of fate etc) etw verkraften OpenDict-Eintrag cope SUBST cope REL [Prozessions]mantel m OpenDict-Eintrag cope VERB to cope with sth etw bewältigen to cope with sth mit etw (dat) zurechtkommen to cope [or deal]admirably with sth etw großartig meistern cope verb [ I ] UK /kəʊp/ US /koʊp/ Add to word list B2 to deal successfully with a difficult situation: It's only been a year since he died - how's she coping (= how is she)? He had so much pressure on him in his job that eventually he just couldn't cope. cope with It must be really hard to cope with four children under 5.

Answer 95

scarce [skeəs, Am skers] ADJ scarce knapp Powered by scarce (rare) rar to make oneself scarce ugs sich Akk rarmachen ugs to make oneself scarce (disappear) sich Akk aus dem Staub machen ugs Deutsch Englisch sich Akk verdünnisieren to make oneself scarce ugs sich Akk rarmachen ugs to make oneself scarce sich Akk dünnmachen to make oneself scarce ugs Mangelware scarce commodity sich Akk verkrümeln to make oneself scarce er gab ihm unzweideutig zu verstehen, dass er verschwinden möge he told him in no uncertain terms to make himself scarce auf Tauchstation gehen ugs to make oneself scarce besser, du verschwindest gleich von der Bildfläche you'd better make yourself scarce knappe Stellen scarce jobs knapp sein/werden to be scarce [or in short supply] /to become scarce scarce [skeəs] ♦ adjective not many or enough in number: Paintings by this artist are very scarce; Food is scarce because of the drought. نادر ˈscarcely ♦ adverb 1 only just; not quite: Speak louder please – I can scarcely hear you; scarcely enough money to live on. حيلي كم 2 used to suggest that something is unreasonable: You can scarcely expect me to work when I'm ill. كمياب ˈscarcity ♦ noun (a) lack or shortage: a scarcity of work/jobs; times of scarcity. كميابي make oneself scarce to run away or stay away, especially in order to avoid trouble: As soon as the police arrived, he made himself scarce. جيم شدن

Answer 96

imperative adjective UK /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/ US /ɪmˈper.ə.t̬ɪv/ imperative adjective (URGENT) Add to word list C2 extremely important or urgent: [ + that ] The president said it was imperative that the release of all hostages be secured. [ + to infinitive ] It's imperative to act now before the problem gets really serious. 1. imperative (essential): imperative unbedingt [o. dringend] erforderlich it is imperative that ... es ist zwingend erforderlich, dass ... it's imperative to act now es muss unverzüglich gehandelt werden 2. imperative (commanding): imperative gebieterisch imperative herrisch his imperative manner often turns people off sein Befehlston schreckt die Leute oftmals ab 3. imperative inv LING: imperative imperativisch fachspr the imperative form der Imperativ II. im·pera·tive [ɪmˈperətɪv, Am -t̬ɪv] SUBST 1. imperative PHILOS: imperative (necessity) [Sach]zwang m imperative (obligation) Verpflichtung f <-, -en> imperative (obligation) Imperativ m <-s, -e> imperative (factor) Erfordernis f <-, -se> strict loyalty is an imperative if you want to work for this company absolute Loyalität ist Voraussetzung, wenn Sie für diese Firma arbeiten wollen Mehr anzeigen 2. imperative no pl LING: the imperative der Imperativ the imperative die Befehlsform to be in the imperative im Imperativ stehen imperative programming COMPUT imperative Programmierung

Answer 97

correspond verb [ I ] UK /ˌkɒr.ɪˈspɒnd/ US /ˌkɔːr.əˈspɑːnd/ correspond verb [I] (MATCH) Add to word list B2 to match or be similar or equal: correspond to The money I've saved corresponds roughly to the amount I need for my plane ticket. The American FBI corresponds to the British MI5. correspond with His story of what happened that night didn't correspond with the witness's version. to communicate by writing a letter or sending an email: correspond with I've been corresponding with several experts in the field. They corresponded for years but never met correspond verb [ I ] UK /ˌkɒrɪˈspɒnd/ US Add to word list COMMUNICATIONS to communicate with someone by letter or email: correspond with sb There has been some problem in the way insurers are corresponding with customers. to match something, or be similar or equal to something: closely/directly correspond to/with sth The dip in their sales in-store directly corresponds to the increase in sales online. cor·re·spond [ˌkɒrɪˈspɒnd, Am ˌkɔ:rəˈspɑ:nd] VERB intr 1. correspond: correspond (be equivalent of) entsprechen correspond (be same as) übereinstimmen to correspond closely/roughly to sth etw Dat genau/ungefähr entsprechen to correspond with sth mit etw Dat übereinstimmen his story didn't correspond with the witness' version seine Geschichte deckte sich nicht mit der Version des Zeugen 2. correspond (write): to correspond [with sb] [mit jdm] korrespondieren Deutsch Englisch [mit jdm] korrespondieren to correspond [with sb] mit etw Dat korrespondieren to correspond to [or with] sth übereinstimmend sein to correspond [to each other [or one another] ] mit jdm Briefe wechseln to correspond with sb etw Dat entsprechen to correspond to [or tally with] sth sich Dat schreiben to correspond sich Akk decken Zeugenaussage to correspond

Answer 98

feasible [ˈfiːzəbl] ♦ adjective able to be done: a feasible solution to the problem. عملی feasiˈbility ♦ noun . احتمال؛ امکان feasible adjective UK /ˈfiː.zə.bəl/ US /ˈfiː.zə.bəl/ Add to word list C1 able to be made, done, or achieved: With the extra resources, the project now seems feasible. [ + to infinitive ] It may be feasible to clone human beings, but is it ethical? BUSINESS ENGLISH feasible adjective UK /ˈfiːzəbl/ US Add to word list possible to do and likely to be successful: With the extra resources the plan now seems feasible. It's just not feasible for such a small firm to compete with the big boys. feasibly adverb /ˈfiːzəbli/ feasibility noun [ U ] fea·sible [ˈfi:zəbl̩] ADJ 1. feasible (practicable): feasible durchführbar feasible ausführbar feasible objective realisierbares Ziel financially/politically feasible finanziell/politisch möglich technically feasible technisch machbar 2. feasible (possible): feasible möglich it's quite feasible that ... es ist ziemlich wahrscheinlich, dass ... 3. feasible ugs (plausible): feasible glaubhaft

Answer 99

suboptimal adjective UK /sʌbˈɒp.tɪ.məl/ US /sʌbˈɑːp.tə.məl/ Add to word list less than optimal (= the best possible): Long-term consumer debt is often considered fiscally suboptimal. A combination of these two drugs at the same suboptimal concentrations showed a potent inhibitory activity. not very good: I consider that her care was suboptimal in some respects. Initial assessment was often suboptimal, and key features in investigation and initial management were often lacking. suboptimal adjective (also sub-optimal) UK /ˌsʌbˈɒptɪməl/ US Add to word list below the highest level or standard, or not done in the best way possible: Investors are stuck in sub-optimal investments.

Answer 100

portfolio | BUSINESS ENGLISH portfolio noun [ C ] UK /ˌpɔːtˈfəʊliəʊ/ US plural portfolios Add to word list FINANCE a collection of different investments that are owned by a particular person or organization: an investment portfolio a property portfolio have/hold a portfolio These funds are less risky because you hold a portfolio selected and monitored by a specialist manager. build (up) a portfolio You could build up a portfolio including UK funds. a balanced/diversified portfolio It's a diversified portfolio, which will lower the risk. a global/international portfolio These funds are impossible to ignore if you want a broad international portfolio. a bond/stock/share portfolio These shares should amount to no more than 10 or 20% of a stock portfolio. COMMERCE, FINANCE the range of products or services that a company offers, or the businesses that someone owns: Customer reaction to our product portfolio has been extremely positive. The hotel group's brand portfolio includes about 15 complementary brands, from luxury to budget hotels. strong/broad portfolio We will continue to have a strong portfolio of businesses with an annual turnover of approximately £1.65bn. build up/expand a portfolio He and associates want to build up a portfolio of money-making websites. GOVERNMENT the particular job or area of responsibility that a member of a government has : One of the most significant changes is in the trade portfolio. port·fo·lio [ˌpɔ:tˈfəʊliəʊ, Am ˌpɔ:rtˈfoʊlioʊ] SUBST 1. portfolio (case): portfolio Aktenmappe f <-, -n> portfolio Aktentasche f <-, -n> 2. portfolio (of drawings, designs): portfolio Mappe f <-, -n> to build up a portfolio eine Mappe anlegen 3. portfolio FIN (financial investments): portfolio Portefeuille nt <-s, -s> fachspr portfolio Wechselbestand m portfolio Wertpapierbestand m <-(e)s, -stände> portfolio Aktienportfeuille nt fachspr entire portfolio Gesamtportfolio nt Mehr anzeigen 4. portfolio POL (ministerial position): portfolio Portefeuille nt <-s, -s> fachspr portfolio Geschäftsbereich m <-(e)s, -e> minister without portfolio Minister(in) m (f) ohne Geschäftsbereich <-s, -> [o. fachspr Portefeuille] port·fo·lio ˈmoni·tor·ing SUBST FIN portfolio monitoring Portfolio-Überwachung f port·fo·lio ˈmod·el SUBST FIN portfolio model Portefeuille-Modell nt in·ˈvest·ment port·fo·lio SUBST investment portfolio Finanzanlagenportfolio nt investment portfolio Anlagebestand m investment portfolio Anlagebuch nt investment portfolio Anlagevermögen nt <-s, -> in·ˈvest·ments port·fo·lio SUBST investments portfolio Beteiligungsportefeuille nt investments portfolio Beteiligungsportfolio nt port·fo·lio ˈman·age·ment SUBST no pl FIN 1. portfolio management (department): portfolio management Vermögensverwaltung f <-, -en> portfolio management Portfolio-Management nt portfolio management Portefeuille-Management nt 2. portfolio management (process): portfolio management Portfolio-Steuerung f portfolio management Depotadministration f portfolio management Depotgeschäft nt <-(e)s, -e> port·fo·lio ˈmake·up SUBST FIN portfolio makeup Portefeuille-Struktur f portfolio makeup Portefeuille-Zusammensetzung f port·fo·lio ˈas·sets SUBST Pl portfolio assets Wertpapiervermögen nt mar·ket port·ˈfo·lio SUBST market portfolio Marktportefeuille nt market portfolio Marktportfolio nt bond port·ˈfo·lio SUBST FIN bond portfolio Obligationen-Portfolio nt bond portfolio Anleiheportfolio nt portfolio SUBST FINMKT portfolio (gehaltener Gesamtbestand an Aktien) Portfolio nt portfolio (gehaltener Gesamtbestand an Aktien) Portefeuille nt portfolio (gehaltener Gesamtbestand an Aktien) Depot nt portfolio (gehaltener Gesamtbestand an Aktien) Bestand m liquidity portfolio SUBST RECHW liquidity portfolio Liquiditätsportfolio nt investment portfolio SUBST INV-FIN investment portfolio Finanzanlagenportfolio nt portfolio manager SUBST FINMKT portfolio manager Portfolio-Manager(in) m (f) portfolio manager Portefeuille-Manager(in) m (f) hedge portfolio SUBST FINMKT hedge portfolio Hedgeportfolio nt hedge portfolio Hedge-Portefeuille nt market portfolio SUBST FINMKT market portfolio (im Rahmen von Modellen, die von vollkommenen Märkten ausgehen, das effizienteste Portefeuille, was Rendite bzw. Risikominimierung betrifft) Marktportefeuille nt market portfolio (im Rahmen von Modellen, die von vollkommenen Märkten ausgehen, das effizienteste Portefeuille, was Rendite bzw. Risikominimierung betrifft) Marktportfolio nt equity portfolio SUBST FINMKT equity portfolio Aktienportfolio nt equity portfolio Aktienportefeuille nt equity portfolio Wertpapierportfolio nt equity portfolio Wertpapierportefeuille nt portfolio management SUBST FINMKT portfolio management Portfolio-Steuerung f portfolio management Depotadministration f portfolio management Depotgeschäft nt security portfolio SUBST FINMKT security portfolio Wertpapierportfolio nt security portfolio Wertpapierportefeuille nt entire portfolio SUBST FINMKT entire portfolio Gesamtportfolio nt entire portfolio Gesamtportefeuille nt

Answer 101

neglect verb [ T ] UK /nɪˈɡlekt/ US /nɪˈɡlekt/ Add to word list C1 to not give enough care or attention to people or things that are your responsibility: to neglect your appearance/the house He neglects that poor dog - he never takes him for walks or gives him any attention. She's been neglecting her studies this semester. neglect noun [ U ] UK /nɪˈɡlekt/ US /nɪˈɡlekt/ C1 a situation in which you do not give enough care or attention to someone or something, or the state of not receiving enough care or attention: Both parents were found guilty of neglect and their child was taken away from them. Over the years the church has fallen into a state of neglect. neglect [niˈglekt] ♦ verb 1 to treat carelessly or not give enough attention to: He neglected his work. فرو گذاری 2 to fail (to do something): He neglected to answer the letter. غفلت کردن ♦ noun lack of care and attention: The garden is suffering from neglect. غفلت I. ne·glect [nɪˈglekt] VERB trans to neglect sb/sth/oneself jdn/etw/sich selbst vernachlässigen to neglect one's duties seine Pflichten vernachlässigen to neglect one's employees/husband/wife seine Angestellten/seinen Ehemann/seine Ehefrau vernachlässigen to neglect to do sth [es] versäumen, etw zu tun I'd neglected to write to him ich habe es versäumt, ihm zu schreiben II. ne·glect [nɪˈglekt] SUBST neglect (lack of care) Vernachlässigung f <-, -en> neglect (disrepair) Verwahrlosung f <-> to be in a state of neglect verwahrlost sein to fall into a state of neglect verwahrlosen self-neg·ˈlect SUBST no pl self-neglect Selbstvernachlässigung f self-neglect Sichgehenlassen nt

Answer 102

obsolete [ˈobsəliːt, (American also) obsəˈli:t] ♦ adjective no longer in use: obsolete weapons obsolete adjective UK /ˌɒb.səlˈiːt/ US /ˌɑːb.səlˈiːt/ Add to word list C1 not in use any more, having been replaced by something newer and better or more fashionable: Gas lamps became obsolete when electric lighting was invented. obsolete adjective UK /ˈɒbsəliːt/ US Add to word list not in general use any more, having been replaced by something newer and better or more fashionable: Payment by cheque will soon be obsolete. become/be rendered obsolete Traditional retailing is in danger of being rendered obsolete by the internet. We need to replace some obsolete equipment.x b·so·lete [ˈɒbsəli:t, Am ˌa:bsəlˈi:t] ADJ inv obsolete veraltet obsolete überholt obsolete (no longer in force) nicht mehr angewandt [o. gültig] obsolete design altmodisches Design obsolete law nicht mehr gültiges Gesetz Mehr anzeigen OpenDict-Eintrag obsolete ADJ obsolete (no longer in force) [überholt und daher] überflüssig

Answer 103

increment [ˈiŋkrəmənt] ♦ noun an increase especially in salary. increment noun [ C ] UK /ˈɪŋ.krə.mənt/ US /ˈɪŋ.krə.mənt/ Add to word list one of a series of increases: salary/pay increment You will receive annual salary/pay increments every September. increment noun [ C ] UK /ˈɪnkrəmənt/ US Add to word list HR a regular increase in the amount that someone is paid: Most staff will receive an annual increment. There are six-monthly salary increments during the two-year training period. one of a series of increases: in increments of sth The vouchers are sold in increments of €10 from a minimum purchase of €20 to a maximum of €200. The speed of the machine can be increased by small increments. I. in·cre·ment [ˈɪnkrəmənt] SUBST 1. increment (increase): increment Anwachsen nt <-s> kein pl increment Erhöhung f <-, -en> increment Zuwachs m <-es, Zuwächse> increment of earnings Mehreinnahme[n] f[pl] salary increment Gehaltserhöhung f <-, -en> salary increment CH a. Lohnerhöhung f 2. increment (division): increment Stufe f <-, -n> by increments stufenweise by increments on a scale [Grad]einteilung f 3. increment MATH (value): increment Inkrement nt II. in·cre·ment [ˈɪnkrəmənt] VERB trans 1. increment (add): to increment sth etw hochzählen 2. increment (move forward) document, card: to increment sth etw inkrementieren OpenDict-Eintrag post-increment SUBST post-increment COMPUT Postinkrement nt OpenDict-Eintrag pre-increment SUBST pre-increment COMPUT Präinkrement nt Englisch Deutsch time increment VZÄHL time increment Zeitschrittlänge time increment method time increment method zeitorientiert Deutsch Englisch Zeitschrittlänge time increment zeitorientiertes Verfahren MODELL time increment method

Answer 104

emerge [iˈməːdʒ] ♦ verb 1 to come out; to come into view: The swimmer emerged from the water; He was already thirty before his artistic talent emerged. نمایان شدن؛ پدیدار شدن 2 to become known: It emerged that they had had a disagreement. آشکار شدن eˈmergence ♦ noun . پیدایش؛ ظهور eˈmergent ♦ adjective being in the process of emerging or developing: the emergent nations. تازه تاسیس؛ نوپا emerge | BUSINESS ENGLISH emerge verb [ I ] UK /ɪˈmɜːdʒ/ US Add to word list to begin to exist or have power or influence: The new Executive Director will be responsible for ensuring that the state emerges as a leader in the field of next-generation energy. to appear or become known: Yesterday it emerged that he was to come under investigation for insider dealing. No definitive results have yet emerged from the discussions. to come to the end of a difficult period or experience: The stock was trading for under $20 when the company emerged from bankruptcy. emerge verb [ I ] UK /ɪˈmɜːdʒ/ US /ɪˈmɝːdʒ/ emerge verb [I] (APPEAR) Add to word list B2 to appear by coming out of something or out from behind something: emerge from She emerged from the sea, blue with cold. emerge [ɪˈmɜ:ʤ, i:ˈ-, Am ɪˈmɜ:rʤ, i:ˈ-] VERB intr 1. emerge (come out): to emerge from sth aus etw Dat herauskommen to emerge from behind/beneath [or under] sth hinter/unter etw Dat hervorkommen 2. emerge (from liquid): emerge auftauchen emerge an die [Wasser]oberfläche kommen to emerge from the sea aus dem Meer auftauchen 3. emerge übtr (become known): emerge herauskommen emerge sich Akk herausstellen emerge truth an den Tag kommen 4. emerge übtr (become famous): emerge in Erscheinung treten emerge auftreten 5. emerge (be started): emerge entstehen at the end of the war, the country emerged as a new democracy nach dem Krieg wurde der Staat als Demokratie neu gegründet 6. emerge übtr (make it through): emerge herauskommen to emerge unscathed from a scandal aus einem Skandal unbeschadet hervorgehen re-emerge [ˌri:ɪˈmɜ:ʤ, Am ˈmɜ:rʤ] VERB intr re-emerge wieder hervorkommen re-emerge übtr wieder auftauchen he re-emerged some time later er ist später wieder aufgetaucht to emerge victorious als Sieger/Siegerin hervorgehen to emerge unscathed from sth übtr etw unbeschadet überstehen to emerge triumphant from sth a fight aus etw Dat siegreich hervorgehen it's difficult to emerge from such a scandal with your reputation still intact nach einem solchen Skandal ist es schwer, sich einen guten Ruf zu bewahren

Answer 105

allocate [ˈӕləkeit] ♦ verb 1 to give (to someone) for his own use: He allocated a room to each student. اختصاص دادن 2 to set apart (for a particular purpose): They allocated $500 to the project. کنار گذاشتن؛ تخصیص دادن ˌalloˈcation ♦ noun . تخصیص allocate | BUSINESS ENGLISH allocate verb [ T ] UK /ˈæləkeɪt/ US Add to word list to give a particular amount of time, money, etc. to someone or something, so that it can be used in a particular way: allocate sth for sth We have allocated €50,000 for printing and mailings. allocate sth to sb/sth They allocated 3% of the advertising budget to newspaper ads. allocate capital/funds/money We need to allocate capital and resources more effectively. allocate time Salespeople should allocate time for work in each area of their business. to decide officially that something should be given to a particular person: You will be allocated 4,566 shares at the par value of 20p each. allocate sth among sb It is his job to decide how the responsibilities should be allocated among the different salespersons within the sales force. allocate sth to sb Federal agencies are required to set goals for allocating a certain percentage of jobs to small companies. ACCOUNTING to decide where to put a particular cost or amount in a company's accounts: allocate sth to sth The initial amounts received from customers or subscribers should be allocated to two liability accounts. allocate verb [ T ] UK /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/ US /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/ Add to word list C1 to give something to someone as their share of a total amount, to use in a particular way: The government is allocating £10 million for health education. [ + two objects ] As project leader, you will have to allocate people jobs/allocate jobs to people. It is not the job of the investigating committee to allocate blame for the disaster/to allocate blame to individuals. al·lo·cate [ˈæləkeɪt] VERB trans to allocate sth [to sb] flat, task [jdm] etw zuteilen [o. zuweisen] to allocate blame for sth to sb jdm die Schuld an etw Dat zuschieben to allocate funds [for sth] [Geld]mittel [für etw Akk] bereitstellen to allocate sth fairly etw gerecht verteilen to allocate funds to sb/sth jdm/etw Gelder bewilligen

Answer 106

redundant [rəˈdandənt] ♦ adjective (of workers) no longer employed because there is no longer any job for them where they used to work: Fifty men have just been made redundant at the local factory. مازاد بر احتیاج؛ زائد reˈdundancy– plural reˈdundancies – ♦ noun There have been a lot of redundancies at the local factory recently; the problem of redundancy. بخش زائد؛ بیش از حد نیاز edundant adjective UK /rɪˈdʌn.dənt/ US /rɪˈdʌn.dənt/ redundant adjective (NOT NEEDED) Add to word list C2 (especially of a word, phrase, etc.) unnecessary because it is more than is needed: In the sentence "She is a single unmarried woman", the word "unmarried" is redundant. redundant | BUSINESS ENGLISH redundant adjective UK /rɪˈdʌndənt/ US Add to word list HR having lost your job because your employer no longer needs you: redundant employees/staff/workers be made redundant HR to lose your job because your employer no longer needs you: She was made redundant from the company after eight years. not needed or more than is needed: Old copies of a textbook soon become redundant when a new edition comes out. redundant buildings/equipment/properties The levels of revenue generated by the auction sale of redundant properties was very encouraging. re·dun·dant [rɪˈdʌndənt] ADJ 1. redundant (superfluous): redundant überflüssig redundant LING redundant 2. redundant Brit, Aus (unemployed): redundant arbeitslos redundant übtr überflüssig to make sb redundant jdn entlassen 3. redundant COMPUT: redundant redundant

Answer 107

squander [ˈskwondə] ♦ verb to waste: He squandered all his money on gambling. squander verb [ T ] UK /ˈskwɒn.dər/ US /ˈskwɑːn.dɚ/ Add to word list C2 to waste money or supplies, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your advantage: They'll quite happily squander a whole year's savings on two weeks in the sun. Ireland squandered several chances, including a penalty that cost them the game. squander | BUSINESS ENGLISH squander verb [ T ] disapproving UK /ˈskwɒndər/ US Add to word list to waste large amounts of money or other resources: Fifty-five percent of likely voters are convinced that much of the state's tax money is being squandered. squander sth on sth Politicians are accused of squandering more than $1 billion on misguided and futile programs aimed at stimulating the economy. squander a chance/an opportunity to fail to use a chance to become successful or to achieve something: According to one member of the board of directors: "We have squandered the opportunity to become a major player in the industry". squan·der [ˈskwɒndəʳ, Am ˈskwɑ:ndɚ] VERB trans to squander sth etw verschwenden [o. vergeuden] to squander a chance/an opportunity eine Chance vertun OpenDict-Eintrag squander VERB to squander sth etw verpulvern

Answer 108

Significance significance noun [ U ] UK /sɪɡˈnɪf.ɪ.kəns/ US /sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.kəns/ significance noun [U] (IMPORTANCE) Add to word list C1 importance: The discovery of the new drug is of great significance for/to people suffering from heart problems.

Answer 109

myopic adjective UK /maɪˈɒp.ɪk/ US /maɪˈɑː.pɪk/ Add to word list MEDICAL specialized not able to see clearly things that are far away disapproving unable to understand a situation or the way actions will affect it in the future: Their myopic refusal to act now will undoubtedly cause problems in the future.

Answer 110

bash [bӕʃ] ♦ verb (sometimes with in ) to beat or smash (in): The soldiers bashed in the door. محکم زدن؛ کوفتن ♦ noun 1 a heavy blow: a bash with his foot. ضربۀ شدید 2 a dent: a bash on the car's nearside door. جای ضربه؛ فرو رفتگی bash on/ahead (with) to go on doing something especially in a careless or inattentive way: In spite of his father's advice he bashed on with the painting. بدون علاقه کاری را انجام دادن have a bash at to make an attempt at: Although he was not a handyman, he had a bash at mending the lock. امنحان کردن bash verb UK /bæʃ/ US /bæʃ/ bash verb (HIT) Add to word list [ I or T ] informal to hit hard: He bashed his arm against a shelf. UK I could hear her bashing away on the computer (= hitting the keys loudly). Thesaurus: synonyms, antonyms, and examples to hit someone or something hitShe was expelled for hitting another pupil. whackShe whacked the water with her paddle. bashThe swinging door bashed him in the face. strikeShe had been struck on the head with a golf ball. beatHe was cruel to his dog and beat it with a stick. punchHe punched me in the stomach. 1. bash (blow): bash [heftiger] Schlag 2. bash Brit sl: bash Versuch m <-(e)s, -e> to have a bash at sth etw [einmal] probieren to have a bash at sth sein Glück mit etw Dat versuchen 3. bash sl (party): bash Party f <-, -s> bash Fete f <-, -n> sl II. bash [bæʃ] VERB intr to bash into sb/sth mit jdm/etw zusammenstoßen III. bash [bæʃ] VERB trans 1. bash (hit hard): to bash sb jdn verhauen [o. verprügeln] to bash one's head/knee on sth mit dem Kopf/Knie gegen etw Akk knallen 2. bash ugs (criticize): to bash sb jdn [verbal] niedermachen you can bash them all you want, but ... du kannst über sie sagen, was du willst, aber ... bash on VERB intr Brit ugs to bash on [with sth] [mit etw Dat] weitermachen bash out VERB trans to bash out a report schnell mal einen Bericht zusammenschreiben ugs to bash out a tune on the piano ein bisschen auf dem Klavier herumklimpern

Answer 111

limbo noun [ U ] UK /ˈlɪmbəʊ/ US Add to word list an uncertain situation that you cannot control and in which there is no progress or improvement: Until we've got official permission to go ahead with the plans we will remain in limbo. bureaucratic/political/legal limbo lim·bo1 [ˈlɪmbəʊ, Am -boʊ] SUBST no pl 1. limbo REL: limbo Vorhölle f <-> limbo Limbus m <-> fachspr 2. limbo (waiting state): limbo Schwebezustand m <-(e)s, -stände> to be in limbo plan, project in der Schwebe sein to be in limbo person in der Luft hängen ugs 3. limbo (state of neglect): limbo Abstellgleis nt <-es, -e> übtr to leave [or keep] sb in limbo jdn in der Luft hängen lassen I. lim·bo2 [ˈlɪmbəʊ, Am -boʊ] SUBST the limbo der Limbo to do the limbo Limbo tanzen II. lim·bo2 [ˈlɪmbəʊ, Am -boʊ] VERB intr limbo Limbo tanzen

Answer 112

flaw [floː] ♦ noun a fault; something which makes something not perfect: a flaw in the material. نقص؛ ترک flawed ♦ adjective having a flaw: This china is flawed. ناقص؛ ترک دار ˈflawless ♦ adjective perfect: her flawless beauty. بی نقص flaw noun [ C ] UK /flɔː/ US /flɑː/ Add to word list C1 a fault, mistake, or weakness, especially one that happens while something is being planned or made, or that causes something not to be perfect: flaw in I returned the material because it had a flaw in it. fatal flaw There's a fatal flaw in your reasoning. This report is full of flaws. a character flaw flaw noun [ C ] UK /flɔː/ US Add to word list a fault, mistake, or weakness, especially one that happens while something is being planned or made: The company had to spend millions correcting design flaws. serious/major/minor flaw (in sth) There seemed to be no serious flaws in the proposal and it was recommended for further consideration.

Answer 113

withdraw [wiðˈdroː]– past tense withˈdrew [-ˈdruː]: past participle withˈdrawn – ♦ verb 1 to (cause to) move back or away: The army withdrew from its position; He withdrew his troops; They withdrew from the competition. عقب نشينى کردن 2 to take back (something one has said): She withdrew her remarks, and apologized; He later withdrew the charges he'd made against her. رد کردن 3 to remove (money from a bank account etc ): I withdrew all my savings and went abroad. پس زدن withˈdrawal ♦ noun . استرداد withˈdrawn ♦ adjective (of a person) not responsive or friendly. مسول نبودن C1 [ I or T ] to take or move out or back, or to remove: This credit card allows you to withdraw up to £200 a day from ATMs. The UN has withdrawn its troops from the country. Eleven million bottles of water had to be withdrawn from sale due to a health scare. Once in court, he withdrew the statement he'd made to the police (= he claimed it was false). All charges against them were withdrawn after the prosecution's case collapsed. formal After lunch, we withdrew into her office to finish our discussion in private. She had to withdraw from the competition because of a leg injury. Following his nervous breakdown, he withdrew from public life and refused to give any interviews. withdraw | BUSINESS ENGLISH withdraw verb UK /wɪðˈdrɔː/ US withdrew | withdrawn Add to word list [ T ] BANKING to take money out of an account: This account allows you to withdraw a maximum daily amount of $500. withdraw cash/funds/savings The economic crisis saw people queuing to withdraw their savings. [ T ] COMMERCE to stop selling a product or offering a service, usually because of a problem or fault: The product was withdrawn from the market on safety grounds. The brewery said there was no connection between their decision to withdraw one of their local beers and the dispute with their main competitor. [ T ] to remove something that you previously agreed to provide: withdraw funding/support The opposition threatened to withdraw support for the government's pension plans. withdraw an application/bid/offer Morgan Stanley withdrew the job offer. 1. withdraw (remove): to withdraw sth etw herausziehen to withdraw one's hand seine Hand zurückziehen 2. withdraw (from bank account): to withdraw sth [from an account] etw [von einem Konto] abheben 3. withdraw (take back): to withdraw sth coins, notes, stamps etw einziehen [o. aus dem Verkehr ziehen] to withdraw sth Brit WIRTSCH goods etw zurückrufen to withdraw sb a team, sportsmen jdn abziehen to withdraw an ambassador einen Botschafter zurückrufen to withdraw forces/troops MILIT Streitkräfte/Truppen abziehen to withdraw sb from school jdn von der Schule nehmen 4. withdraw (cancel): to withdraw an accusation eine Anschuldigung zurücknehmen to withdraw an action JUR eine Klage zurückziehen to withdraw a charge eine Anklage fallenlassen to withdraw funding seine Zahlungen einstellen to withdraw one's labour Brit form die Arbeit niederlegen Mehr anzeigen 5. withdraw ADMIN (revoke): to withdraw sth from sb jdm etw entziehen II. with·draw <-drew, -drawn> [wɪðˈdrɔ:, Am esp -ˈdrɑ:] VERB intr 1. withdraw (leave): withdraw sich Akk zurückziehen 2. withdraw MILIT (retreat): withdraw sich Akk zurückziehen [o. absetzen] 3. withdraw (stop taking part in): withdraw sich Akk zurückziehen to withdraw from college vom College abgehen to withdraw from public life sich Akk aus dem öffentlichen Leben zurückziehen to withdraw from public life esp Brit SPORT nicht antreten to withdraw from a match zu einem Spiel nicht antreten 4. withdraw übtr (become incommunicative): withdraw sich Akk zurückziehen to withdraw into a fantasy world/oneself sich Akk in eine Fantasiewelt/in sich Akk selbst zurückziehen to withdraw into silence in Schweigen verfallen 5. withdraw (practise coitus interruptus): withdraw Geschlechtsverkehr unterbrechen OpenDict-Eintrag withdraw VERB to withdraw one's consent to do sth seine Einwillung zu etw (dat) widerrufen

Answer 114

leap [liːp]– past tense, past participles leapt [lept], (especially American ) leaped – ♦ verb 1 to jump: He leapt into the boat. پریدن 2 to jump over: The dog leapt the wall. پریدن از روی 3 to rush eagerly: She leaped into his arms. دویدن ♦ noun an act of leaping: The cat jumped from the roof and reached the ground in two leaps. پرش ˈleap-frog ♦ noun a game in which one person vaults over another's bent back, pushing off from his hands. جفتک چهارکش بازی کردن leap year every fourth year, which consists of 366 days, February having 29, ie 1996, 2000, 2004 etc . سال کبیسه by leaps and bounds extremely rapidly and successfully: improving by leaps and bounds. با سرعت زیاد leap verb [ I + adv/prep ] UK /liːp/ US /liːp/ leaped or leapt | leaped or leapt leap verb [I + adv/prep] (MOVE SUDDENLY) Add to word list C2 to make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another: He leaped out of his car and ran towards the house. I leaped up to answer the phone. The dog leaped over the gate into the field. leap | BUSINESS ENGLISH leap verb [ I ] UK /liːp/ US leapt or leaped UK/lept/ | leapt or leaped UK/lept/ Add to word list to increase, improve, or grow very quickly: exports/prices/profits leap Property prices have leapt over 30% in the past year. leap (to sth) The company's shares leapt 17.5p to 210p. leap noun [ C ] UK /liːp/ US a big change, increase, or improvement: a leap in costs/profits/sales The software designer should report a near 40% leap in profits to around £124m. a leap forward for sb/sth This launch represents a great leap forward for the company. a 20%/40%/75%, etc. leap The health insurance giant reported a 20% leap in pre-tax profits for the year. 1. leap: leap (jump) Sprung m <-(e)s, Sprụ̈n·ge> leap (bigger) Satz m <-es, Sät·ze> to make [or take] a leap einen Sprung/Satz machen 2. leap übtr (increase): leap in Sprung m <-(e)s, Sprụ̈n·ge> übtr bei +Dat 3. leap übtr (change): a leap of faith/imagination ein Sinneswandel m /Gedankensprung m it takes quite a leap of the imagination to believe that ... es bedarf einer ziemlichen Anstrengung zu glauben, dass ... Wendungen: by [or in]leaps and bounds sprunghaft to come on in leaps and bounds sich Akk sprunghaft verbessern a leap in the dark ein Sprung m ins Ungewisse II. leap [li:p] VERB intr 1. leap (jump): leap springen the wolf leapt at his throat der Wolf sprang ihm an die Kehle to leap forward nach vorne springen to leap high in die Höhe springen to leap across sth über etw Akk springen Mehr anzeigen 2. leap (rush): to leap to do sth einen Satz machen, um etw zu tun the girl leapt to hold the door open das Mädchen sprang herbei, um die Tür aufzuhalten to leap to sb's defence übtr zu jds Verteidigung eilen 3. leap übtr (be enthusiastic): to leap at the chance to do sth die Chance ergreifen, etw zu tun übtr to leap at [or on] an idea/a suggestion eine Idee/einen Vorschlag begeistert aufnehmen to leap with joy vor Freude einen Luftsprung machen Wendungen: sth leaps to the eye etw springt ins Auge sb's heart leaps jds Herz schlägt höher to leap to mind in den Sinn kommen III. leap [li:p] VERB trans to leap sth über etw Akk springen to leap sth (get over in a jump) etw überspringen leap out VERB intr 1. leap out: leap out (jump out) herausspringen leap out (from behind sth) hervorspringen to leap out of sth aus etw Dat herausspringen to leap out at sb sich Akk auf jdn stürzen 2. leap out übtr (grab attention): to leap out at sb jdm ins Auge springen ˈleap year SUBST leap year Schaltjahr nt <-(e)s, -e> leap up VERB intr 1. leap up (jump up): leap up aufspringen 2. leap up übtr (increase): leap up in die Höhe schießen the children had leapt up since I last saw them die Kinder waren [ganz schön] gewachsen, seit ich sie das letzte Mal gesehen hatte quan·tum ˈleap SUBST übtr (big increase, advance) quantum leap gewaltiger Sprung übtr quantum leap riesiger Fortschritt quan·tum ˈjump SUBST 1. quantum jump PHYS (transition): quantum jump Quantensprung m <-(e)s, -sprünge> fachspr quantum jump Quantenübergang m fachspr 2. quantum jump übtr (advance): quantum jump gewaltiger Sprung übtr quantum jump riesiger Fortschritt

Answer 115

spreadsheet noun [ C ] UK /ˈspred.ʃiːt/ US /ˈspred.ʃiːt/ Add to word list B2 an electronic document in which information is arranged in rows and columns, and can be used to do financial calculations and plans: I have created a spreadsheet listing the call charges for various telephone companies. Would it be possible to get an updated spreadsheet with this extra info? spreadsheet | BUSINESS ENGLISH spreadsheet noun [ C ] GRAPHS & CHARTS, IT UK /ˈspredʃiːt/ US Add to word list a piece of computer software used for showing rows and columns of numbers or other data, and for doing calculations with this data: in/on a spreadsheet Information for the graphs can be entered on a spreadsheet. open/create/make a spreadsheet I created a spreadsheet to help analyse the sales data. spreadsheet programs/software spread·sheet SUBST 1. spreadsheet WIRTSCH: spreadsheet Gliederungsbogen m 2. spreadsheet COMPUT (program): spreadsheet Tabellenkalkulation f <-, -en> spreadsheet Kalkulations-Tabellendruck m 3. spreadsheet COMPUT (printout of calculations): spreadsheet Kalkulationstabellendruck m spreadsheet application Tabellenkalkulationsprogramm nt <-s, -e>

Answer 116

release | BUSINESS ENGLISH release verb [ T ] UK /rɪˈliːs/ US Add to word list COMMUNICATIONS to make information available to the public: According to a study released last week, nearly 250,000 Britons emigrated last year. release a statement/document/report The conservation group released a report accusing petroleum companies of causing widespread pollution. release details/figures/findings Figures released by the Council of Mortgage Lenders show that fixed-rate products accounted for 78% of mortgages in August. Copies of the correspondence between the attorneys have now been released to the media. COMMERCE to start to sell a new product: Only a very small percentage of the software games released each year actually make money. release a CD/DVD/movie The record company has just released a CD that brings together the artist's solo and collaborative work. FINANCE to make money available to be spent: A spokesman for the transport group said new debt arrangements would release €500 million. Selling their home to release the equity is some people's only way of funding their living expenses in old age. release verb [ T ] UK /rɪˈliːs/ US /rɪˈliːs/ release verb [T] (MAKE FREE) Add to word list B2 to give freedom or free movement to someone or something: He was released from prison after serving two years of a five-year sentence. She was arrested for shoplifting but was released on bail (= after paying a sum of money to the court). figurative The surgery released him from years of pain. to move a device from a fixed position to allow it to move freely: He released the handbrake and the car jumped forwards. to fire a bomb or a missile (= flying weapon), or to allow it to fall: The plane released its bombs at 10,000 feet. C1 to allow a substance to flow out from somewhere: Coal power stations release sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere. Hormones are released from glands into the bloodstream. to express a feeling that you have been trying not to show: He punched the pillow in an effort to release his anger. 1. release (set free): to release sb/an animal jdn/ein Tier freilassen the zoo keepers released the lions from their cage die Zoowärter ließen die Löwen aus dem Käfig to release sb jdn freigeben [o. freistellen] 2. release JUR: to release sb jdn [aus der Haft] entlassen [o. freilassen] to release sb on bail jdn gegen Kaution auf freien Fuß setzen to release sb on parole jdn bedingt aus der Haft entlassen to release sb from prison jdn aus dem Gefängnis entlassen to release sb on probation jdn auf Bewährung entlassen to be released early for good behaviour [or Am behavior] wegen guter Führung vorzeitig entlassen werden 3. release übtr (free from suffering): to release sb from sth jdn von etw Dat befreien 4. release (move sth from fixed position): to release sth etw lösen to release the brake die Bremse lösen to release the shutter FOTO den Auslöser betätigen 5. release (detonate, drop): to release a bomb eine Bombe abwerfen to release a missile eine Rakete abschießen 6. release (allow to escape): to release gas/steam Gas/Dampf freisetzen to release sth into the atmosphere etw in die Atmosphäre entweichen lassen steam was released Dampf entwich 7. release (relax pressure): to release sth etw loslassen to release one's grip [or hold] seinen Griff lockern 8. release (make public, circulate): to release sth etw verbreiten [o. in Umlauf bringen] [o. der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich machen] to release sth (issue) etw veröffentlichen [o. herausbringen] to release sth to sb jdm etw aushändigen to release a film/a CD einen Film/eine CD herausbringen to release a statement eine Erklärung abgeben Mehr anzeigen 9. release WIRTSCH: to release dues überfällige Bestellungen abwickeln 10. release (put on market): to release sth etw zum Verkauf freigeben to release sth etw herausbringen 11. release COMPUT (release block of memory): to release sth etw freigeben II. re·lease [rɪˈli:s] SUBST no pl 1. release (setting free): release Entlassung f <-, -en> release of a hostage Freilassung f einer Geisel release from prison Entlassung f aus dem Gefängnis 2. release WIRTSCH (from work): release Freistellung f <-, -en> day release Brit Freistellung zur beruflichen Fortbildung 3. release (mechanism): release Auslöser m <-s, -> brake/clutch release Brems-/Kupplungsausrückmechanismus m release cord Reißleine f <-, -n> steam release Dampfventil nt <-s, -e> 4. release (action): release of a handbrake Lösen nt 5. release (items on hold): release of goods Freigabe f <-, -n> release of funds Mittelfreisetzung f release for payment Zahlungsfreigabe f 6. release of tension: release (relaxation) Entspannung f <-, -en> release (relaxation) Nachlassen nt <-s; kein Pl> release (freeing from unpleasant feeling) Erleichterung f <-, -en> merciful release euph Erlösung f <-, -en> euph to experience a feeling of release ein Gefühl der Erleichterung verspüren 7. release (escape of gases etc.): release Entweichen nt 8. release no pl (publication): release Veröffentlichung f <-, -en> 9. release (information document): release Verlautbarung f <-, -en> press release Pressemitteilung f <-, -en> press release Presseverlautbarung f press release A esp Presseaussendung f 10. release: release (new CD etc.) Neuerscheinung f <-, -en> release (new film) neuer Film her latest release is a song about hopeless love sie hat zuletzt ein Lied über hoffnungslose Liebe herausgebracht to go on release film [in den Kinos] anlaufen 11. release COMPUT: release (version) Version f <-, -en> release (publication) Release nt release (publication) Veröffentlichung f <-, -en> 12. release JUR: release Verzicht m <-(e)s> release Aufgabe f <-> ˈsus-tained re·lease ADJ PHARM sustained-release retard ˈpress re·lease SUBST press release Pressemitteilung f <-, -en> press release Pressemeldung f <-, -en> press release Presseverlautbarung f press release Presseaussendung f A to issue [or put out] a press release eine Pressemitteilung [o. A Presseaussendung] herausgeben ˈmar·gin re·lease SUBST margin release Randlöser m ˈtime-re·lease ADJ PHARM time-release retard ˈnews re·lease SUBST esp Am news release Presseerklärung f <-, -en> re-re·lease [ˌri:rɪˈli:s] VERB trans to re-release sth etw wieder auflegen hap·py re·ˈlease SUBST euph (death) happy release Erlösung f <-, -en> euph I. ˈday re·lease SUBST Brit day release [tageweise] Freistellung zur Weiterbildung (berufliche Fortbildung im Rahmen eines bestehenden Arbeitsverhältnisses) II. ˈday re·lease SUBST modifier day release Fortbildungs- day release course bezahlter Fortbildungskurs OpenDict-Eintrag news release SUBST news release Pressenotiz news release Pressemitteilung release SUBST FINMKT release (Kursfreigabe) Freigabe f release VERB trans MKT-WB release (Produkt: zum Verkauf) freigeben release SUBST VERSICHER release Abfindungserklärung f transaction release SUBST FINMKT transaction release Transaktionsfreigabe f invoice release SUBST TRANSPROZ invoice release Rechnungsfreigabe f shipment release SUBST handel shipment release Lieferfreigabe f order release SUBST TRANSPROZ order release Auftragsfreigabe f process release SUBST E-COMM process release Prozessfreigabe f batch release SUBST IT batch release Stapelfreigabe f release date SUBST FINMKT release date Freigabedatum nt release VERB release abgeben release freisetzen pressure release SUBST pressure release Druckentlastung remission of debts, release from debts SUBST remission of debts Schuldenerlass release VERB release freisetzen release energy VERB release energy

Answer 117

veil [veil] ♦ noun a piece of thin cloth worn over the face or head to hide, cover, or protect it: Some women wear veils for religious reasons, to prevent strangers from seeing their faces; a veil of mist over the mountains; a veil of secrecy. روبنده ♦ verb to cover with a veil. روبنده زدن veiled ♦ adjective 1 wearing, or covered by, a veil: a veiled lady; The bride was veiled. روبند زده 2 (only slightly) disguised: a veiled threat. پوشیده؛ نهان veil noun UK /veɪl/ US /veɪl/ veil noun (COVERING FACE) Add to word list C1 [ C ] a piece of thin material worn by women to cover the face or head: After the ceremony, the bride lifted up her veil to kiss her husband. The women wore black veils that covered all but their eyes. C2 [ S ] literary something that prevents you from knowing what is happening: We want to lift the veil of secrecy that surrounds government decisions. draw a veil over something literary to not talk any more about a subject because it could cause trouble or embarrassment: I think we should draw a veil over everything that happened at the party, don't you? 1. veil (facial covering): veil Schleier m <-s, -> bridal veil Brautschleier m <-s, -> to take the veil REL euph den Schleier nehmen geh euph to take the veil REL euph ins Kloster gehen 2. veil übtr (cover): veil Schleier m <-s, -> to draw a veil over sth einen Schleier über etw Akk breiten übtr the veil of secrecy der Schleier des Geheimnisses veil of silence der Mantel des Schweigens 3. veil (covering): veil of mist/smoke Nebel-/Rauchschleier m II. veil [veɪl] VERB trans 1. veil usu passive (cover by veil): to be veiled verschleiert sein to veil oneself sich Akk verschleiern 2. veil übtr (cover): to veil sth etw verschleiern he tried to veil his contempt by changing the subject er versuchte seine Verachtung zu verbergen, indem er das Thema wechselte 3. veil (envelop): to veil sth etw einhüllen thick fog veiled the city dicker Nebel lag wie ein Schleier über der Stadt dusty ˈveil SUBST dusty veil Staubschleier m <-s, -> ˈdust veil SUBST dust veil Staubschleier m <-s, -> ˈbrid·al veil SUBST bridal veil Brautschleier m <-s, -> OpenDict-Eintrag humeral veil SUBST humeral veil REL Segensvelum nt

Answer 118

disclosure noun [ C or U ] formal UK /dɪˈskləʊ.ʒər/ US /dɪˈskloʊ.ʒɚ/ Add to word list the act of making something known or the fact that is made known: disclosure of Any public disclosure of this information would be very damaging to the company. The newspaper made damaging disclosures of management incompetence. disclosure | BUSINESS ENGLISH disclosure noun UK /dɪsˈkləʊʒər/ US Add to word list [ C or U ] FINANCE (also financial disclosure) a private financial record that a person or company must show to the government, investors, banks, etc. for business purposes, or the fact of making this record available: Her financial disclosure describes her work for the company as "consulting/media/public relations." Disclosure of sales and operating profit has confirmed the company's growth within the electronics sector. [ U ] INSURANCE the act of making information available to an insurance company when you get insurance or make a claim (= ask for a payment), especially personal information about your health, age, etc.: Insurers may request the disclosure of existing genetic test results. [ C or U ] LAW private, personal, or secret information that you must tell to someone such as a court judge, the police, or a government organization, or the duty to give them this information: The FDA requires pharmaceutical companies to provide full disclosure about the risks of their drug products. 1. disclosure no pl (act of disclosing): disclosure of secret Enthüllen nt geh disclosure of information Bekanntgabe f <-, -n> WIRTSCH, FIN disclosure of shareholding Offenlegung f von Aktienbeteiligung 2. disclosure (revelation): disclosure Enthüllung f <-, -en> disclosure Aufdeckung f <-, -en> damaging disclosure folgenschwere Enthüllung OpenDict-Eintrag non-disclosure agreement SUBST non-disclosure agreement Geheimhaltungsvereinbarung Deutsch Englisch Veröffentlichungspflicht (Offenlegung) f disclosure obligation Veröffentlichungspflicht (Darlegungspflicht, z. B. in Versicherungsverträgen) f duty of disclosure Veröffentlichungspflicht (von Zahlen, Steuern etc.) f compulsory disclosure Publizitätspflicht compulsory disclosure Bekanntmachungspflicht disclosure duty Offenlegungspflicht duty disclosure Informationspflicht disclosure duty [or requirement] Offenlegungsfrist disclosure period Publizitätsgesetz disclosure act Offenbarungspflicht duty of disclosure Englisch Deutsch disclosure SUBST RECHW disclosure Offenlegung f compulsory disclosure SUBST WIRECHT compulsory disclosure (Pflicht zur Offenlegung der Unternehmenszahlen) Publizitätspflicht f risk disclosure SUBST FINMKT risk disclosure (Information über mögliche Risiken eines Wertpapiers bei der Emission) Unterrichtung f disclosure requirement SUBST WIRECHT disclosure requirement (Pflicht zur Offenlegung) Publizitätsanforderung f disclosure requirement (Pflicht zur Offenlegung) Publizitätserfordernis f disclosure requirement (Pflicht zur Offenlegung) Publizitätsvorschrift f disclosure improvement SUBST MKTG disclosure improvement Publizitätsverbesserung f statutory disclosure requirement SUBST WIRECHT statutory disclosure requirement (Pflicht zur Offenlegung) Publizitätsvorschrift f ad hoc disclosure SUBST WIRECHT ad hoc disclosure Ad-hoc-Publizität f risk disclosure statement SUBST FINMKT risk disclosure statement Unterrichtungsschrift f disclosure time limit SUBST WIRECHT disclosure time limit Offenlegungsfrist f

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realm [relm] ♦ noun 1 a kingdom. کشور پادشاهی 2 an area of activity, interest etc : She's well-known in the realm of sport. محدوده؛ حیطه realm noun [ C ] UK /relm/ US /relm/ realm noun [C] (AREA) Add to word list C2 an area of interest or activity: Her interests are in the realm of practical politics. 1. realm dated liter (kingdom): realm [König]reich nt in the coin of the realm in der Landeswährung in defence of the realm form in Verteidigung des Landes Defence of the Realm Act Brit Ermächtigungsgesetz nt zur Verteidigung des Königreiches peer of the realm Peer m <-s, -s> peer of the realm Mitglied nt des britischen Oberhauses 2. realm (sphere of interest): realm Bereich m <-(e)s, -e> to [not] be within the realm[s] of possibility [nicht] im Bereich des Möglichen liegen peer of the realm Peer m mit ererbtem Sitz im Oberhaus Abjuration of the Realm hist beeideter Verzicht auf Landesrückkehr

Answer 120

ponder [ˈpondə] ♦ verb to consider carefully: He pondered (on) the suggestion. سبک سنگین کردن ponder verb [ I or T ] formal UK /ˈpɒn.dər/ US /ˈpɑːn.dɚ/ Add to word list C2 to think carefully about something, especially for a noticeable length of time: She sat back for a minute to ponder her next move in the game. ponder verb [ I/T ] US /ˈpɑn·dər/ Add to word list to consider something carefully for a long time: [ T ] She ponders the reaction she’ll receive. [ I ] The back porch is a quiet place where I can ponder. I. pon·der [ˈpɒndəʳ, Am ˈpɑ:ndɚ] VERB trans to ponder sth etw durchdenken II. pon·der [ˈpɒndəʳ, Am ˈpɑ:ndɚ] VERB intr ponder nachdenken he appeared to be pondering deeply er schien tief in Gedanken versunken to ponder on [or over] sth über etw Akk nachdenken to ponder on [or over] sth sich Dat über etw Akk Gedanken machen to ponder whether/why ... sich Akk fragen, ob/warum ... OpenDict-Eintrag ponder VERB to ponder sth etw abwägen Deutsch Englisch [über etw Akk] nachsinnen to ponder [over sth] etw ponderieren (abwägen) fachspr veraltet to ponder sth [über etw Akk] nachgrübeln to ponder [on sth] form [über etw Akk] sinnieren to ponder [[on] sth] [über etw Akk] sinnen to ponder [[on] sth] jdn zum Denken/Nachdenken/Überlegen anregen to make sb think/ponder/consider sich einen Kopf [über etw] machen to ponder sth

Answer 121

obtrusive [əbˈtruːsiv] ♦ adjective (negative unobtrusive ) too noticeable: Loud music can be very obtrusive. جلف obˈtrusively ♦ adverb . بطور جلف obˈtrusiveness ♦ noun . جلفی obtrusive adjective UK /əbˈtruː.sɪv/ US /əbˈtruː.sɪv/ Add to word list too noticeable: The logo was still visible but less obtrusive this time in beige. The soldiers were in civilian clothes, to make their presence less obtrusive. 1. obtrusive (conspicuous): obtrusive zu auffällig 2. obtrusive (importunate): obtrusive aufdringlich obtrusive question indiskrete Frage obtrusive smell penetranter Geruch

Answer 122

integral | BUSINESS ENGLISH integral adjective UK /ˈɪntɪɡrəl/ US Add to word list necessary and important as a part of something: He's an integral part of the team and we can't do without him. integral to sth The reliability of our suppliers has been integral to the company's success. integral adjective UK /ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡrəl/ US /ˈɪn.t̬ə.ɡrəl/ Add to word list C1 necessary and important as a part of a whole: integral part He's an integral part of the team and we can't do without him. integral to Bars and terrace cafés are integral to the social life of the city. UK contained within something; not separate: All rooms have a flat-screen TV with integral DVD-player. The integral garage had been converted to make another bedroom. 1. integral (central, essential): integral wesentlich schools are integral to the local community Schulen sind für die Gemeinde von grundlegender Bedeutung integral part wesentlicher Bestandteil he's an integral part of the team er ist ein für unser Team unverzichtbares Mitglied 2. integral (whole): integral vollständig 3. integral (built-in): integral eingebaut the prison has no integral sanitation in dem Gefängnis gibt es keine Klos in den Zellen 4. integral MATH: integral Integral- integral calculus Integralrechnung f <-, -en> integral equation Integralgleichung f II. in·te·gral [ˈɪntɪgrəl, Am -t̬ə-] SUBST MATH integral Integral nt <-s, -e> OpenDict-Eintrag integral SUBST indefinite integral MATH unbestimmtes Integral OpenDict-Eintrag integral SUBST definite integral MATH bestimmtes Integral OpenDict-Eintrag integral domain SUBST integral domain MATH Integritätsring m OpenDict-Eintrag line integral SUBST line integral MATH Kurvenintegral nt OpenDict-Eintrag integral number SUBST integral number MATH ganze Zahl OpenDict-Eintrag surface integral SUBST surface integral MATH Oberflächenintegral nt

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antiquated adjective UK /ˈæn.tɪ.kweɪ.tɪd/ US /ˈæn.t̬ə.kweɪ.t̬ɪd/ Add to word list old-fashioned or unsuitable for modern society: It will take many years to modernize these antiquated industries. Compared with modern satellite dishes, ordinary TV aerials look positively antiquated. antiquated ideas/attitudes/values antiquated laws/machinery/technology

Answer 124

arbitrary [ˈaːbitrəri] ♦ adjective not decided by rules or laws but by a person's own opinion: He made a rather arbitrary decision to close the local cinema without consulting other people. دلبخواه؛ خودسرانه ˈarbitrarily ♦ adverb . بطور اختیاری arbitrary adjective UK /ˈɑː.bɪ.trər.i/ US /ˈɑːr.bə.trer.i/ arbitrary adjective (CHANCE) Add to word list C2 based on chance rather than being planned or based on reason: arbitrary decision-making Did you have a reason for choosing your destination or was it arbitrary? arbitrary adjective US /ˈɑr·bɪˌtrer·i/ Add to word list based on a desire or idea or chance rather than reason: Her outfit was an arbitrary choice but was just perfect. arbitrarily adverb US /ˌɑr·bəˈtreər·ə·li/ We didn’t think much about it, just arbitrarily decided to go to Italy. arbitrariness noun [ U ] US /ˌɑr·bəˈtreər·i·nəs/ disapproving The arbitrariness of human nature infuriates me. ar·bi·trary [ˈɑ:bɪtrəri, Am ˈɑ:rbətreri] ADJ 1. arbitrary (random): arbitrary arbiträr geh arbitrary decision spontane Entscheidung 2. arbitrary abw (despotic): arbitrary willkürlich arbitrary ruler despotischer Herrscher/despotische Herrscherin

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pollute [pəˈluːt] ♦ verb to make dirty: Chemicals are polluting the air. آلوده کردن polˈlution [-ʃən] ♦ noun . آلودگی pollute verb [ T ] UK /pəˈluːt/ US /pəˈluːt/ Add to word list B2 to make an area or substance, usually air, water, or soil, dirty or harmful to people, animals, and plants, especially by adding harmful chemicals: The pesticides used on many farms are polluting the water supply. We won't invest in any company that pollutes the environment. figurative Many complain that broadcasters pollute the airwaves with sensationalism and sleaze. pollute verb [ T ] US /pəˈlut/ Add to word list to make air, water, or earth dirty or harmful to people, animals, and plants, esp. by adding harmful chemicals or waste: Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are polluting the groundwater. pollutant noun [ C ] US /pəˈlu·tənt/ Maybe there’s some kind of chemical pollutant in their drinking water. pollute | BUSINESS ENGLISH pollute verb [ I or T ] UK /pəˈluːt/ US Add to word list ENVIRONMENT to make water, the air, or land dirty and not safe for people, animals, and plants, especially with waste or chemicals: You don't need to pollute the planet to grow your economy. He expects coal plants built after 2012 to be equipped with technology for capturing and storing carbon emissions so that they will not pollute.

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adjacency noun [ C or U ] formal UK /əˈdʒeɪ.sən.si/ US /əˈdʒeɪ.sən.si/ Add to word list the fact of being very near, next to, or touching something: Another conflict arises from the adjacency of the verb to its subject. The adjacency of the two components increases the effectiveness of both.

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anthropologist noun [ C ] SOCIAL SCIENCE UK /ˌæn.θrəˈpɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ US /ˌæn.θrəˈpɑː.lə.dʒɪst/ Add to word list someone who scientifically studies humans and their customs, beliefs, and relationships anthropologist noun [ C ] US /ˌæn·θrəˈpɑl·ə·dʒɪst/ Add to word list a person who is an expert in anthropology an·thro·polo·gist [ˌæn(t)θrəˈpɒləʤɪst, Am -ˈpɑ:lə-] SUBST anthropologist Anthropologe(Anthropologin) m (f) <-n, -n> Deutsch Englisch Anthropologe (An·thro·po·lo·gin) anthropologist

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proximity [prokˈsiməti] ♦ noun nearness: Their house is in close proximity to ours. مجاورت proximity noun [ U ] formal UK /prɒkˈsɪm.ə.ti/ US /prɑːkˈsɪm.ə.t̬i/ Add to word list C2 the state of being near in space or time: The best thing about the location of the house is its proximity to the town centre. proximity | AMERICAN DICTIONARY proximity noun [ U ] US /prɑkˈsɪm·ɪ·t̬i/ Add to word list the state of being near in space or time: Mexico is a popular vacation spot because of its proximity to California. prox·im·ity [prɒkˈsɪməti, Am prɑ:kˈsɪmət̬i] SUBST no pl proximity Nähe f <-> proximity to customers Kundennähe f <-> kein pl to be in proximity to sb/sth sich Akk nahe bei jdm/etw befinden in close proximity to sb/sth in unmittelbarer Nähe zu jdm/etw befinden prox·ˈim·ity fuse, Am also prox·ˈim·ity fuze SUBST MILIT, TECH proximity fuse Annäherungszünder m OpenDict-Eintrag proximity switch SUBST proximity switch ELEK Näherungsschalter m in close proximity in unmittelbarer Nähe Deutsch Englisch in unmittelbarer Nähe in close proximity Kundennähe WIRTSCH proximity to the customer Verkehrslage proximity to public transport Nähe proximity no Pl form räumliche Nähe physical proximity Englisch Deutsch proximity to the customer SUBST MKTG proximity to the customer Kundennähe f Deutsch Englisch Kundennähe proximity to the customer customer proximity [ˈkʌstəməprɒkˌsɪmeti] SUBST customer proximity Kundennähe prox·ˈim·ity sen·sor SUBST electron proximity sensor Näherungssensor m ca·ˈpaci·tive prox·im·ity sen·sor SUBST electron capacitive proximity sensor kapazitiver Näherungssensor m in·ˈduc·tive prox·im·ity sen·sor SUBST electron inductive proximity sensor induktiver Näherungssensor m

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conceive [kənˈsiːv] ♦ verb 1 to form (an idea etc ) in the mind. اندیشیدن 2 to imagine: I can't conceive why you did that. تصور کردن 3 (of a woman) to become pregnant. آبستن شدن conˈceivable ♦ adjective able to be imagined or thought of. قابل تصور؛ پندار پذیر conˈceivably ♦ adverb . بطور قابل تصور conceive is spelt with -ei- . conceive verb UK /kənˈsiːv/ US /kənˈsiːv/ conceive verb (IMAGINE) Add to word list C2 [ I or T ] to imagine something: I think my uncle still conceives of me as a four-year-old. He couldn't conceive of a time when he would have no job. [ + question word ] I can't conceive (= it is too shocking to imagine) how anyone could behave so cruelly. [ + that ] I find it hard to conceive (= it is too shocking to imagine) that people are still treated so badly. conceive verb (INVENT) C2 [ T ] to invent a plan or an idea: He conceived the plot for this film while he was still a student. The exhibition was conceived by the museum's director. Related word concept SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases conceive verb (BECOME PREGNANT) C2 [ I or T ] to become pregnant, or to cause a baby to begin to form: Do you know exactly when you conceived? The baby was conceived in March, so will be born in December. Related word conception (BABY) I. con·ceive [kənˈsi:v] VERB trans 1. conceive (conceptualize): to conceive sth auf etw Akk kommen to conceive sth sich Dat etw einfallen lassen to conceive an idea/a plan eine Idee/einen Plan haben 2. conceive (create): to conceive sth etw entwerfen [o. konzipieren] 3. conceive (imagine): to conceive sth sich Dat etw vorstellen 4. conceive (become pregnant with): to conceive a baby/child ein Baby/Kind empfangen II. con·ceive [kənˈsi:v] VERB intr 1. conceive (imagine): to conceive of sth sich Dat etw vorstellen to conceive of sb/sth as sth jdn/etw für etw Akk halten 2. conceive (devise): to conceive of sth auf etw Akk kommen to conceive of an idea for sth eine Idee für etw Akk haben 3. conceive (become pregnant): conceive empfangen OpenDict-Eintrag conceive VERB to conceive sth (conceptualize) sich (dat) etw ausdenken to conceive sth (an idea, a concept) etw begreifen

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vain [vein] ♦ adjective 1 having too much pride in one's appearance, achievements etc ; conceited: She's very vain about her good looks. مغرور 2 unsuccessful: He made a vain attempt to reach the drowning woman. بی نتیجه 3 empty; meaningless: vain threats; vain promises. پوچ؛ واهی ˈvainly ♦ adverb unsuccessfully: He searched vainly for the treasure. بیهوده vanity [ˈvӕnəti] ♦ noun 1 excessive admiration of oneself; conceit: Vanity is her chief fault. تکبر 2 worthlessness or pointlessness: the vanity of human ambition. بیهودگی in vain with no success: He tried in vain to open the locked door. بیهوده vain [veɪn] ADJ 1. vain abw: vain (conceited) eingebildet vain (about one's looks) eitel he was very vain about his clothes er war sehr eitel, wenn es um Kleidung ging 2. vain (futile): vain sinnlos vain hope töricht 3. vain (unsuccessful): vain attempt, effort vergeblich in vain vergeblich in vain umsonst Deutsch Englisch eitel (selbstgefällig) vain eitel vain seine Hoffnungen erwiesen sich als eitel his hopes proved to be all in vain vergebens in vain präd ein eitler Pfau sein geh to be vain as a peacock vergeblich in vain Sie warten vergeblich, der Bus ist schon weg you're waiting in vain, the bus has already gone nutzlos in vain präd umsonst in vain unsere ganzen Beschwörungen nützten nichts all our pleading was in vain ein vergeblicher Versuch a vain [or futile] attempt sich Akk vergebens bemühen to try in vain

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tenet noun [ C ] formal UK /ˈten.ɪt/ US /ˈten.ɪt/ Add to word list one of the principles on which a belief or theory is based: It is a tenet of contemporary psychology that an individual's mental health is supported by having good social networks. tenet noun [ C ] US /ˈten·ɪt/ Add to word list a principle that is an accepted belief of a particular group: A major tenet of the women’s movement has been that society needs their talents. tenet Lehre f <-, -n> fundamental tenet zentraler Lehrsatz

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deconstruct verb [ T ] UK /ˌdiː.kənˈstrʌkt/ US /ˌdiː.kənˈstrʌkt/ Add to word list to break something down into its separate parts in order to understand its meaning, especially when this is different from how it was previously understood: We should deconstruct the Western myth of human rights. LITERATURE specialized to examine a text in detail in order to show there is no fixed meaning but that it can be understood in a different way by each reader : He likes to deconstruct obscure religious texts. to deconstruct sth text, concept etw dekonstruieren geh Deutsch Englisch etw dekonstruieren (Satz, Text, Konzept) geh to deconstruct sth

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succinct [səkˈsinkt] ♦ adjective concise and clearly expressed: The briefing was very succinct; succinct answers. گويا succinct adjective approving UK /səkˈsɪŋkt/ US /səkˈsɪŋkt/ Add to word list said in a clear and short way; expressing what needs to be said without unnecessary words: Keep your letter succinct and to the point. suc·cinct [səkˈsɪŋ(k)t] ADJ aufw succinct knapp succinct prägnant succinct kurz [und bündig] succinct reply knappe Antwort Deutsch Englisch prägnant succinct prägnant antworten to give a succinct [or concise] answer sich Akk prägnant ausdrücken to be succinct [or concise] etw prägnant beschreiben/darstellen to give a succinct [or concise] description/account of sth knapp succinct der Artikel war zwar kurz, aber dafür umso prägnanter although the article was short, it was all the more succinct for it

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discrete (dɪskriːt IPA Pronunciation Guide ) adjective [usually ADJECTIVE noun] Discrete ideas or things are separate and distinct from each other. [formal] ...instruction manuals that break down jobs into scores of discrete steps. Synonyms: separate, individual, distinct, detached More Synonyms of discrete dis·crete [dɪˈskri:t] ADJ 1. discrete (separate to each other): discrete für sich allein stehend discrete eigenständig 2. discrete PHYS, MATH: discrete diskret OpenDict-Eintrag discrete ADJ discrete (separate) separat discrete (separate) (ab)getrennt five discrete areas fünf einzelne, klar umrissene Bereiche OpenDict-Eintrag discrete-time ADJ discrete-time TEL zeitdiskret discrete logarithm MATH diskreter Logarithmus Deutsch Englisch unaufdringlich discrete diskrete Mathematik discrete mathematics diskret discrete

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relent [rəˈlent] ♦ verb to become less severe or unkind; to agree after refusing at first: At first she wouldn't let them go to the cinema, but in the end she relented. نرم شدن؛ رحم به دل آوردن reˈlentless ♦ adjective without pity; not allowing anything to keep one from what one is doing or trying to do: The police fight a relentless battle against crime. بی رحم؛ نسگدل reˈlentlessly ♦ adverb . بی رحمانه reˈlentlessness ♦ noun . بی رحمی relent verb [ I ] UK /rɪˈlent/ US /rɪˈlent/ Add to word list to act in a less severe way towards someone and allow something that you had refused to allow before: Her parents eventually relented and let her go to the party. The security guard relented and let them through. re·lent [rɪˈlent] VERB intr relent people nachgeben relent wind, rain nachlassen Simple tenses Continuous tenses Conditional

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fidelity [fiˈdeləti] ♦ noun faithfulness or loyalty: his fidelity to his wife; fidelity to a promise. وفاداری fidelity noun [ U ] UK /fɪˈdel.ə.ti/ US /fɪˈdel.ə.t̬i/ fidelity noun [U] (LOYALTY) Add to word list formal honest or lasting support, or loyalty, especially to a sexual partner: marital fidelity Somerset Maugham's comedy of marital fidelity, "The Constant Wife" sexual fidelity How important do you think sexual fidelity is in a marriage? fidelity | BUSINESS ENGLISH fidelity noun [ U ] UK /fɪˈdeləti/ US Add to word list loyalty to a person or organization: Customer trust and fidelity are not acquired once and for all. They recently began testing a fidelity card scheme in Scotland prior to a national launch. 1. fidelity (loyalty): fidelity to Treue f <-> gegenüber +Dat 2. fidelity (sexual loyalty): fidelity Treue f <-> marital fidelity eheliche Treue 3. fidelity (exactness): fidelity [Werk]treue f fidelity Genauigkeit f <-> fidelity ELEK Wiedergabetreue f fidelity to detail Detailtreue f fidelity of translation Worttreue f wire·less fi·ˈdel·ity SUBST wireless fidelity kabellose [Daten]übermittlung high fi·ˈdel·ity SUBST no pl high fidelity High Fidelity f Deutsch Englisch Vertrauensschutz fidelity clause Treue fidelity no Pl Treue fidelity no Pl

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embed [imˈbed] ♦ verb– past tense, past participle emˈbedded – to fix deeply (in something): The bullet was embedded in the wall. جا باز کردن؛ ریشه دواندن embed verb [ T ] (US also imbed) UK /ɪmˈbed/ US /ɪmˈbed/ -dd- Add to word list to fix something firmly into a substance embed | BUSINESS ENGLISH embed verb [ T ] IT ( US also imbed) UK /ɪmˈbed/ US -dd- Add to word list to include text, sound, images, video, etc. in a computer file, email message, or on a website: embed sth in sth When you upload a video, you get a code to embed it in your site. [ usually passive ] to put a computer or piece of electronic equipment inside a product in order to control the way it operates: be embedded in/into sth Microprocessors are embedded into products such as cars, fridges, traffic lights, and industrial equipment. em·bed1 <-dd-> [ɪmˈbed, emˈ-, Am esp emˈ-] VERB trans to embed sth in[to] sth etw in etw Akk einlassen [o. einbetten] to embed sth in[to] sth übtr etw in etw Akk verankern übtr the idea seems embedded in his mind die Idee scheint ihm nicht mehr aus dem Kopf zu gehen to embed sth in cement etw einzementieren em·bed2 [ˈembed] SUBST embed MILIT, TV kurz für embedded journalist embed eingebetteter Journalist(eingebettete Journalistin) m (f) Deutsch Englisch etw in etw Akk einbetten to embed sth in sth etw einsanden to embed sth in sand jdn/etw [in etw Akk] einbetonieren to embed sb/sth in concrete

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retention [rəˈtenʃən] ♦ noun the act of retaining: the retention of information. نگه داری reˈtentive [-tiv] ♦ adjective able to retain: a retentive memory. نگهدارنده؛ ضبط کننده retention noun [ U ] formal UK /rɪˈten.ʃən/ US /rɪˈten.ʃən/ Add to word list C2 the continued use, existence, or possession of something or someone: Two influential senators have argued for the retention of the unpopular tax. The retention of old technology has slowed the company's growth. water/heat retention retention | BUSINESS ENGLISH retention noun UK /rɪˈtenʃən/ US Add to word list [ U ] HR, WORKPLACE the ability of a company to keep its employees and stop them from going to work somewhere else: The study found that mentoring programs have a positive impact on teachers and their retention. Health benefits are an important recruitment and retention tool. Both these organizations have improved staff retention by paying great attention to office design. Employee retention is one of the major issues confronting business today. COMMERCE the ability of a company to keep its customers, rather than losing them to competitors: Revenue growth, in turn, is achieved by pursuing growing market segments, by finding new customers, and by improving the retention of existing customers. customer/client retention Customer retention is the key to profitable growth. The unit has a client retention rate of 85%. [ C ] ACCOUNTING an amount of money that is owed to someone for doing work but that is not paid until the work has been completed in a satisfactory way: If a withheld retention is disputed, the contractor is generally entitled to adjudication. 1. retention (keeping): retention Beibehaltung f <-> retention of funds, payments Einbehaltung f <-, -en> retention of funds, payments Zurückbehaltung f retention of ownership JUR Eigentumsvorbehalt m <-(e)s, -e> retention of power Machterhalt m <-(e)s> kein pl retention of a title SPORT Verteidigung f eines Titels 2. retention (preservation): retention Erhaltung f <-> retention of rights Wahrung f von Rechten staff retention WIRTSCH Personalerhaltung f 3. retention (not losing): retention Speicherung f <-, -en> retention MED Retention f <-, -en> fachspr she suffers from water retention sie leidet unter Wasseransammlungen im Gewebe retention of heat Hitzespeicherung f 4. retention FIN (withholding): retention Einbehaltung f <-, -en> 5. retention form (memory): retention Gedächtnis nt <-ses, -se> powers of retention Merkfähigkeit f 6. retention esp JUR (securing sb's services): retention of a lawyer Mandat nt [nach geleisteter Vorauszahlung] re·ˈten·tion pe·ri·od SUBST retention period Aufbewahrungsfrist f re·ˈten·tion time SUBST WISS, TECH retention time Verweilzeit f wa·ter reˈten·tion val·ue SUBST CHEM, PHYS water retention value Wasserrückhaltevermögen nt

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facilitate verb [ T ] formal UK /fəˈsɪl.ɪ.teɪt/ US /fəˈsɪl.ə.teɪt/ Add to word list C1 to make something possible or easier: The new ramp will facilitate the entry of wheelchairs. The current structure does not facilitate efficient work flow. facilitate | BUSINESS ENGLISH facilitate verb [ T ] UK /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/ US Add to word list to help people deal with a process or reach an agreement or solution without getting directly involved in the process, discussion, etc. yourself: An expert negotiator was brought in to facilitate the discussion. fa·cili·tate [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] VERB trans 1. facilitate (make easier) process, work: to facilitate sth etw erleichtern this would facilitate matters a lot das würde die Sache doch sehr erleichtern 2. facilitate (enable): to facilitate sth etw ermöglichen to facilitate an enterprise/a project ein Unternehmen/Projekt fördern Deutsch Englisch etw erleichtern (vereinfachen) to facilitate sth zur Arbeitserleichterung to facilitate work facilitate [fəˈsɪlɪteɪt] VERB facilitate erleichtern facilitate ermöglichen

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originate verb UK /əˈrɪdʒ.ən.eɪt/ US /əˈrɪdʒ.ən.eɪt/ Add to word list C2 [ I ] to come from a particular place, time, situation, etc.: originate in Although the technology originated in the UK, it has been developed in the US originate among The game is thought to have originated among the native peoples of Alaska. [ T ] to start something or cause it to happen: Who originated the saying "Small is beautiful"? originate | BUSINESS ENGLISH originate verb UK /əˈrɪdʒəneɪt/ US Add to word list [ I ] to come from a particular place, time, situation, etc.: originate in Although the technology originated in the UK, it has been developed in the US. originate at This flight originated at Los Angeles airport and is continuing to Boston and then Madrid. originate from sb/sth They are studying complaints believed to have originated from retailers. [ T ] to start something or cause it to happen: We plan to improve our marketing program using ideas originated by our customers. [ T ] FINANCE to arrange a new loan or investment : A mortgage broker matches borrowers with lenders but does not originate or service mortgages. I. origi·nate [əˈrɪʤɪneɪt] VERB intr originate entstehen originate seinen Anfang nehmen I think the rumour originated with Janet ich glaube, Janet hat das Gerücht in die Welt gesetzt to originate in sth [ursprünglich] aus etw Dat kommen to originate in Stuttgart/London aus Stuttgart/London kommen Mehr anzeigen II. origi·nate [əˈrɪʤɪneɪt] VERB trans to originate sth etw hervorbringen to originate sth (invent) etw erfinden to originate a rumour ein Gerücht in die Welt setzen to originate a story eine Geschichte in Umlauf bringen

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MARKETING (also market-skimming pricing) the practice of charging a high price for a new product in order to make as much profit as possible before other similar products become available and prices fall: A slow skimming policy is where the product carries a high price with a low level of promotion. skimming | BUSINESS ENGLISH skimming noun [ U ] UK /ˈskɪmɪŋ/ US Add to word list IT the practice of stealing someone's credit card details using electronic equipment, in order to use their account illegally: Cash machines at several garages throughout London were fitted with skimming devices. FINANCE, TAX the practice of stealing money from an account, budget, etc. over a period of time in amounts that cannot be easily noticed: The director's skimming of the charity's profits landed him in jail for a decade.

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C1 the state of not having, or not having enough, of something that is needed: Pregnant women often suffer from iron deficiency. deficiency in The blood tests revealed a deficiency in certain key minerals and vitamins. deficiency | BUSINESS ENGLISH deficiency noun [ C ] UK /dɪˈfɪʃənsi/ US plural deficiencies Add to word list [ C ] a situation in which something is not as good as it should be: a deficiency in sth The audit revealed deficiences in the accounting system. an operations/performance/service deficiency identify/highlight a deficiency We need to identify any deficiencies in the system and address them immediately. address/correct/remedy a deficiency ACCOUNTING the amount by which something such as income or profit is less than it should be: a deficiency in sth They are not permitted to borrow additional funds as long as any deficiency exists in the capital reserve fund. The accounts show a balance sheet deficiency - the amount by which liabilities exceed assets - of £13.19m at December 31. The company has suffered recurring losses from operations and has a net capital deficiency that raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. TAX, ACCOUNTING US the amount by which the tax recorded in someone's financial records is less than the tax they actually owe, or a situation in which this happens: The IRS notified him that he was subject to a $10000 tax deficiency for the 2009 tax year. de·fi·cien·cy [dɪˈfɪʃən(t)si] SUBST 1. deficiency (shortage, lack): deficiency in Mangel m <-s> an +Dat vitamin deficiency Vitaminmangel m <-s> kein pl to suffer from a deficiency in [or of] sth Mangel an etw Dat leiden 2. deficiency (weakness, weak point): deficiency in Defizit nt <-s, -e> in +Dat 3. deficiency: deficiency HANDEL Fehlbestand m <-(e)s, -stände> deficiency WIRTSCH, FIN Fehlbetrag m <-(e)s, -träge> to make up a deficiency einen Fehlbetrag ausgleichen 4. deficiency Am JUR: deficiency Nachtragsbewilligung f ˈvita·min de·fi·cien·cy SUBST no pl vitamin deficiency Vitaminmangel m <-s> kein pl de·ˈfi·cien·cy dis·ease SUBST MED deficiency disease Mangelkrankheit f <-, -en> ac·quired im·mune de·fi·cien·cy syn·drome, AIDS SUBST no pl acquired immune deficiency syndrome erworbene Immuninsuffizienz acquired immune deficiency syndrome erworbenes Immunschwäche-Syndrom Deutsch Englisch Ausfallbetrag deficiency Missstand (Mangel) m deficiency Kalkmangel calcium deficiency no Pl Kalkmangel lime deficiency no Pl Ausfallbürge (-bür·gin) deficiency guarantor Mangelkrankheit deficiency disease Ausfallurteil deficiency judgment Englisch Deutsch reserve deficiency SUBST INV-FIN reserve deficiency ungenügende Reserven f Pl premium deficiency reserve SUBST VERSICHER premium deficiency reserve Drohverlustrückstellung f Deutsch Englisch ungenügende Reserven reserve deficiency Sg Drohverlustrückstellung premium deficiency reserve deficiency [dɪˈfɪʃnsi] SUBST deficiency Unzulänglichkeit deficiency mutant SUBST deficiency mutant Mangelmutante autoimmune deficiency [ˌɔːtəʊɪˌmjuːndɪˈfɪʃnsi] SUBST MED autoimmune deficiency Autoimmunstörung f oxygen deficiency SUBST oxygen deficiency Sauerstoffmangel

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aversion noun [ C usually singular ] UK /əˈvɜː.ʃən/ /əˈvɜː.ʒən/ US /əˈvɝː.ʒən/ /əˈvɝː.ʃən/ Add to word list (a person or thing that causes) a feeling of strong dislike or of not wishing to do something: I felt an instant aversion to his parents. She has a deep aversion to getting up in the morning. Greed is my pet aversion (= the thing I dislike most of all). 1. aversion (intense dislike): aversion Abneigung f <-, -en> aversion Aversion f <-, -en> geh to have an aversion to sb/sth eine Abneigung [o. Aversion geh] gegen jdn/etw haben 2. aversion (hated thing): aversion Gräuel m <-s, -> greed is my pet aversion Habgier ist mir ein besonderer Gräuel ˈrisk aver·sion SUBST no pl risk aversion Risikoaversion f aˈver·sion thera·py SUBST no pl PSYCHO aversion therapy Aversionstherapie f <-, -n> invincible aversion/difficulties unüberwindliche Abneigung/Schwierigkeiten to have a deep aversion to sth gegen etw Akk eine starke Abneigung haben Deutsch Englisch Aversionstherapie aversion therapy Aversion [gegen jdn/etw] an aversion [to sb/sth] eine Aversion gegen jdn/etw haben to have an aversion to sb/sth Überdruss aversion aus Überdruss [an etw Dat] out of an aversion [to sth] Widerwille aversion [gegen etw Akk] einen Widerwillen haben to have an aversion [to sth] Englisch Deutsch risk aversion SUBST CTRL risk aversion Risikoaversion f risk aversion index SUBST INV-FIN risk aversion index Risikomaß nt Deutsch Englisch Risikoaversion risk aversion Risikomaß risk aversion index Englisch Deutsch risk aversion risk aversion Risikoablehnung Deutsch Englisch Risikoablehnung risk aversion

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loom verb [ I ] UK /luːm/ US /luːm/ loom verb [I] (APPEAR) Add to word list C2 to appear as a large, often frightening or unclear shape or object: Dark storm clouds loomed on the horizon. loom | BUSINESS ENGLISH loom verb [ I ] UK /luːm/ US Add to word list if an unpleasant event looms, it will probably happen and makes people worry: Stocks of heating oil are at their lowest levels for years, and another crisis may be looming. The company is in serious financial trouble, with more debt looming on the horizon. sth looms over sb/sth The threat of closure looms over the workforce. loom large if something looms large, it becomes very important and could cause serious problems: Food retailers became nervous as the threat of a price war loomed large.

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ambiguity noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌæm.bɪˈɡjuː.ə.ti/ US /ˌæm.bɪˈɡjuː.ə.t̬i/ Add to word list C2 (an example of) the fact of something having more than one possible meaning and therefore possibly causing confusion: We wish to remove any ambiguity concerning our demands. There are some ambiguities in the legislation. ambiguity | BUSINESS ENGLISH ambiguity noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌæmbɪˈɡjuːəti/ US plural ambiguities Add to word list a situation in which something has more than one possible meaning and may therefore cause confusion, or an example of this: We wish to remove any ambiguity concerning our demands. There are still some ambiguities in the contract. the state of being uncertain: ambiguity about sth You need to clear up any ambiguity about the agency's fundamental purpose. am·bi·gu·ity [ˌæmbɪˈgju:əti, Am -bəˈgju:ət̬i] SUBST 1. ambiguity no pl (manner): ambiguity Zweideutigkeit f <-, -en> ambiguity Doppeldeutigkeit f <-, -en> ambiguity Ambiguität f <-, -en> 2. ambiguity (instance): ambiguity Unklarheit f <-, -en> OpenDict-Eintrag ambiguity without ambiguity unmissverständlich without ambiguity eindeutig

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cumbersome [ˈkambəsəm] ♦ adjective (of things) heavy and clumsy: a cumbersome piece of furniture. دست و پا گیر؛ سخت کاربرد um·ber·some [ˈkʌmbəsəm, Am -bɚ-], cum·brous [ˈkʌmbrəs] ADJ cumbersome luggage unhandlich cumbersome luggage sperrig cumbersome clothing unbequem cumbersome style of writing schwerfällig <-er, -ste> cumbersome style of writing umständlich Mehr anzeigen Deutsch Englisch unförmig (groß) cumbersome hinderlich cumbersome cumbersome adjective UK /ˈkʌm.bə.səm/ US /ˈkʌm.bɚ.səm/ Add to word list awkward because of being large, heavy, or not effective: cumbersome equipment cumbersome bureaucracy

Answer 147

heuristic | BUSINESS ENGLISH heuristic noun UK /hjʊəˈrɪstɪk/ US Add to word list [ C ] a method of learning or solving problems that allows people to discover things themselves and learn from their own experiences: As a heuristic, it is a good test to ask the question: what might I do in this situation? heuristics [ U ] the study and use of heuristic methods: Heuristics aren't taught in medical school and are in fact discouraged. heuristic adjective Decision-making will be of a heuristic nature. heuristic adjective specialized UK /hjʊəˈrɪs.tɪk/ US /hjuːˈrɪs.tɪk/ Add to word list EDUCATION (of a method of teaching) allowing students to learn by discovering things themselves and learning from their own experiences rather than by telling them things COMPUTING arriving at a solution by trying different actions to see if they produce the result that is wanted, rather than using strict rules: A genetic algorithm is a heuristic search that simulates the natural environment of biological and genetic evolution. Shaw introduced a heuristic randomized criterion for computing the forgotten set. I. heu·ris·tic [hjʊ(ə)ˈrɪstɪk, Am hju:ˈ-] ADJ inv heuristic heuristisch II. heu·ris·tic [hjʊ(ə)ˈrɪstɪk, Am hju:ˈ-] SUBST 1. heuristic (field of study): heuristics + Sg Verb Heuristik f <-, -> kein pl 2. heuristic (method): heuristic heuristische Methode Englisch Deutsch heuristic heuristic Heurismus heuristic heuristisch Deutsch Englisch heuristisch heuristic

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elaborate [iˈlӕbəreit] ♦ verb 1 to work out or describe (a plan etc ) in detail: He elaborated his theory. با جزئیات شرح دادن؛ مفصل گفتن 2 (especially with on ) to discuss details: She elaborated on the next day's menu. وارد جزئیات شدن؛ مفصل گفتن [-rət]adjective 1 very detailed or complicated: an elaborate design. پر جزئیات؛ پیچیده 2 carefully planned: elaborate plans for escape. دقیق؛ حساس eˈlaborately ♦ adverb . بطور پیچیده eˌlaboˈration ♦ noun . پیچیدگی elaborate adjective UK /iˈlæb.ər.ət/ US /iˈlæb.ɚ.ət/ Add to word list C2 containing a lot of careful detail or many detailed parts: You want a plain blouse to go with that skirt - nothing too elaborate. They're making the most elaborate preparations for the wedding. He came out with such an elaborate excuse that I didn't quite believe him. Synonym detailed elaborate | AMERICAN DICTIONARY elaborate adjective US /ɪˈlæb·ə·rət/ Add to word list containing a lot of connected parts or many complicated details: an elaborate ceremony an elaborate fireworks display They had created elaborate computer programs to run the system. elaborately adverb US /ɪˈlæb·ə·rət·li/ an elaborately decorated dining room elaborate verb [ I ] US /ɪˈlæb·əˌreɪt/ to add more information or explain something that you have said: He refused to elaborate on why he had resigned. I. elabo·rate ADJ [ɪˈlæbərət, Am -ɚət] 1. elaborate (not simple): elaborate design, pattern kompliziert elaborate design, pattern raffiniert elaborate clothes, decorations kunstvoll [gearbeitet] elaborate style of writing ausgefeilt elaborate banquet aufwendig elaborate banquet üppig 2. elaborate (very detailed): elaborate ausführlich elaborate detailliert elaborate plan ausgeklügelt elaborate preparations sorgfältig II. elabo·rate VERB intr [ɪˈlæbəreɪt, Am -ɚeɪt] elaborate ins Detail gehen to elaborate on sth etw näher ausführen [o. ausführlich behandeln] to elaborate on sth auf etw Akk ausführlich eingehen III. elabo·rate VERB trans to elaborate sth statement etw weiter ausführen to elaborate sth plan, paper etc. etw ausarbeiten over-eˈlabo·rate ADJ inv over-elaborate gewollt übtr over-elaborate gekünstelt Deutsch Englisch aufwendig, aufwändig (detailliert, kompliziert) elaborate kunstvoll elaborate ein System ausarbeiten to elaborate form [or trennb draw up] a system eine Theorie aus etw Dat ausarbeiten to elaborate form [or trennb draw up] a theory from [or on the basis of] sth etw ausführlich darlegen to elaborate on sth umständlich (Anweisung, Beschreibung) elaborate etw im Einzelnen ausführen to elaborate on sth eine Theorie aufstellen to elaborate a theory a. form

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elicit [iˈlisit] ♦ verb to succeed in getting (information etc ) from a person, usually with difficulty. بیرون کشیدن؛ آشکار ساختن elicit verb [ T ] formal UK /iˈlɪs.ɪt/ US /iˈlɪs.ɪt/ Add to word list to get or produce something, especially information or a reaction: elicit a response from Have you managed to elicit a response from them yet? elicit information The questionnaire was intended to elicit information on eating habits. elicit support They were able to elicit the support of the public. EDUCATION specialized to get a student to provide or remember a fact, response, etc. rather than telling them the answer: The teacher elicits definitions from the students. In this teaching practice, teachers elicit and 1. elicit (obtain): to elicit sth from sb jdm etw entlocken 2. elicit (provoke): to elicit criticism/controversy/an immune response Kritik/Kontroversen/eine Immunreaktion hervorrufen OpenDict-Eintrag elicit VERB to elicit sth (find out) WISS etw eruieren geh Deutsch Englisch jdm etw entlocken to elicit sth from sb Beifall auslösen to elicit [or trennb trigger off] [or set off] [a round of] applause durch Erfragen ermitteln to elicit by questioning

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durable [ˈdjuərəbl] ♦ adjective 1 lasting or able to last: a durable peace. پایدار 2 wearing well: durable material. با دوام ˌduraˈbility ♦ noun . دوام؛ ماندگاری durable | BUSINESS ENGLISH durable adjective UK /ˈdjʊərəbl/ US Add to word list able to be used for a long time without getting damaged: The plastic used in this product was stronger and more durable than earlier plastics. able to continue for a long time without failing: Our aim is to build a durable and profitable business. nondurable adjective (also non-durable) UK /ˌnɒnˈdʒʊə.rə.bəl/ US /ˌnɑːnˈdʊr.ə.bəl/ Add to word list Something that is nondurable is intended to be used immediately and last for a short time: Sales of non-durable items such as drinks and cleaning products have increased by over 10%. The nondurable manufacturing industry has come under intense political pressure. urable adjective UK /ˈdʒʊə.rə.bəl/ US /ˈdʊr.ə.bəl/ Add to word list able to last and be used for a long time without becoming damaged: The machines have to be made of durable materials. The trays are made from cedar, which is light and durable. able to continue to exist for a long time: The resolution calls for a durable peace settlement. With these constituencies, the Democratic Party built itself a durable long-term majority. able to do something for a long time without getting tired or being injured: He has a reputation as the most durable player in baseball history. du·rable [ˈdjʊərəbl̩, Am ˈdʊrə-, ˈdjʊrə-] ADJ 1. durable (hard-wearing): durable strapazierfähig durable haltbar 2. durable (long-lasting): durable dauerhaft durable goods langlebige Gebrauchsgüter durable peace dauerhafter Friede con·sum·er non-ˈdurable SUBST consumer non-durable Verbrauchsgut nt

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neglect [niˈglekt] ♦ verb 1 to treat carelessly or not give enough attention to: He neglected his work. فرو گذاری 2 to fail (to do something): He neglected to answer the letter. غفلت کردن ♦ noun lack of care and attention: The garden is suffering from neglect. غفلت neglect verb [ T ] UK /nɪˈɡlekt/ US /nɪˈɡlekt/ Add to word list C1 to not give enough care or attention to people or things that are your responsibility: to neglect your appearance/the house He neglects that poor dog - he never takes him for walks or gives him any attention. She's been neglecting her studies this semester. neglect to do something C2 to not do something, often because you forget: I'd neglected to give him the name of the hotel where I'd be staying. I. ne·glect [nɪˈglekt] VERB trans to neglect sb/sth/oneself jdn/etw/sich selbst vernachlässigen to neglect one's duties seine Pflichten vernachlässigen to neglect one's employees/husband/wife seine Angestellten/seinen Ehemann/seine Ehefrau vernachlässigen to neglect to do sth [es] versäumen, etw zu tun I'd neglected to write to him ich habe es versäumt, ihm zu schreiben II. ne·glect [nɪˈglekt] SUBST neglect (lack of care) Vernachlässigung f <-, -en> neglect (disrepair) Verwahrlosung f <-> to be in a state of neglect verwahrlost sein to fall into a state of neglect verwahrlosen self-neg·ˈlect SUBST no pl self-neglect Selbstvernachlässigung f self-neglect Sichgehenlassen nt Deutsch Englisch Vernachlässigung neglect no Art, no Pl Pflichtversäumnis neglect of duty Dienstvergehen neglect of duty Obliegenheitsverletzung neglect of duty Pflichtverletzung neglect [or breach] of duty [or dereliction] Verwahrlosung Mensch neglect no Art, no Pl bis zur völligen Verwahrlosung herunterkommen to sink into a state of total neglect etw vernachlässigen to neglect sth jdn vernachlässigen to neglect sb mit seiner Gesundheit aasen to neglect one's health

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rollout noun [ C or U ] UK /ˈrəʊlˌaʊt/ US /ˈroʊlˌaʊt/ Add to word list the act of making something, especially a product or service, available for the first time: Since its rollout in fall of 1999, the online service has gained millions of members. The improved product is scheduled for rollout in June. A rollout of proposals, laws, or information is the first time they are made known to the public: The rollout of the new standards has gone well. Thursday's release of statistics was the start of a two-year rollout of information from the Census Bureau. roll-out Markteinführung f <-, -en> staged roll-out gestaffelte Markteinführung staged roll-out of an app etc gestaffelte Veröffentlichung

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sprinkle [ˈspriŋkl] ♦ verb to scatter something over something else in small drops or bits: He sprinkled salt over his food; He sprinkled the roses with water. پاشيدن ˈsprinkler ♦ noun an apparatus for sprinkling eg water over a lawn. ˈsprinkling ♦ noun a small amount or a few: There were mostly women at the meeting but there was a sprinkling of men. sprinkle verb [ T ] UK /ˈsprɪŋ.kəl/ US /ˈsprɪŋ.kəl/ Add to word list C2 to drop a few pieces or drops of something over a surface: Sprinkle a few herbs on the pizza./Sprinkle the pizza with a few herbs. figurative The speech was liberally sprinkled with (= contained many) jokes about the incident. 1. sprinkle (scatter): to sprinkle sth on sth (on cake, pizza) etw auf etw Akk streuen to sprinkle sth on sth a liquid etw mit etw Dat besprengen 2. sprinkle (cover): to sprinkle sth with sth cake etw mit etw Dat bestreuen to sprinkle sth with sth (with a liquid) etw mit etw Dat besprengen to sprinkle a speech with jokes übtr eine Rede mit Scherzen auflockern 3. sprinkle (water): to sprinkle the lawn den Rasen sprengen II. sprin·kle [ˈsprɪŋkl̩] SUBST usu Sg a sprinkle of rain/snow leichter Regen/Schneefall to sprinkle stardust in sb's eyes jdm durch schöne Versprechungen Sand in die Augen streuen

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envisage [inˈvizidʒ] ♦ verb to picture in one's mind and consider: This was the plan that we envisaged for the future. تصور کردن C1 to imagine or expect something in the future, especially something good: Train fare increases of 15 percent are envisaged for the next year. [ + that ] It's envisaged that building will start at the end of this year. [ + -ing verb ] When do you envisage finishing the project? [ + question word ] It's hard to envisage how it might happen.

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divergence | BUSINESS ENGLISH divergence noun [ C or U ] UK /ˌdaɪˈvɜːdʒəns/ US /dɪˈvɜrdʒəns/ Add to word list a situation in which two things become different, or the difference between them increases: a divergence of opinion The figures reveal a marked divergence between public sector pay settlements and those in the private sector. Funds investing in credit-rated bonds are all holding much the same investments, so the divergence in performance is not significant. a considerable/significant/sharp divergence divergence noun [ C or U ] UK /daɪˈvɜː.dʒəns/ US /dɪˈvɝː.dʒəns/ (also divergency) Add to word list the situation in which two things become different: divergence between The divergence between the incomes of the rich and the poor countries seems to be increasing. divergence from Recently published statistics show a divergence from previous trends. Di·ver·genz·re·vi·si·on <-, -en> SUBST f JUR Divergenzrevision appeal on points of law due to conflicting precedents Di·ver·genz <-, -en> [divɛrˈgɛnts] SUBST f 1. Divergenz geh (Abweichung): Divergenz divergence 2. Divergenz MATH: Divergenz divergence 3. Divergenz PHYS: Divergenz divergence kon·ver·gent ADJ inv konvergent convergent Kon·ver·genz <-, -en> [kɔnvɛrˈgɛnts] SUBST f BIO Konvergenz convergence Moving Average Convergence SUBST f CTRL Moving Average Convergence (gleitender Durchschnitt) moving average convergence Konvergenz SUBST f MKT-WB Konvergenz (wirtschaftliche Übereinstimmung) convergence

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disrupt [disˈrapt] ♦ verb to break up or put into a state of disorder: Rioters disrupted the meeting; Traffic was disrupted by floods. مختل کردن؛ به هم زدن disˈruption [-ʃən] ♦ noun . اختلال؛ از هم گسستگی disˈruptive [-tiv] ♦ adjective causing disorder: a disruptive child. مختل کننده disrupt verb [ T ] UK /dɪsˈrʌpt/ US /dɪsˈrʌpt/ Add to word list B2 to prevent something, especially a system, process, or event, from continuing as usual or as expected: Heavy snow disrupted travel into the city this morning. The meeting was disrupted by a group of protesters who shouted and threw fruit at the speaker. BUSINESS specialized to change the traditional way that an industry operates, especially in a new and effective way: Dell Inc. disrupted the traditional way of selling computers by switching to the internet. disrupt | BUSINESS ENGLISH disrupt verb [ T ] UK /dɪsˈrʌpt/ US Add to word list to prevent something, especially a system, process, or event, from continuing as usual or as expected: Meetings with her lawyers did not disrupt the schedule. Commerce could be disrupted in a cyberterrorism attack. dis·rupt [dɪsˈrʌpt] VERB trans 1. disrupt: to disrupt sth (disturb) etw stören to disrupt sth (bring to a standstill) transport system etw zum Erliegen bringen to disrupt sb's concentration jds Konzentration stören to disrupt a meeting/the class eine Versammlung/den Unterricht stören 2. disrupt form (destroy): to disrupt sth etw zerstören to disrupt homeostatic balance das physiologische Gleichgewicht stören

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mart noun [ C ] mainly US and Irish English UK /mɑːt/ US /mɑːrt/ Add to word list a market or shopping centre: He runs a food mart in Richmond. discount marts mart | BUSINESS ENGLISH mart noun [ C ] COMMERCE UK /mɑːt/ US Add to word list a store or shopping centre: The company thinks a smaller mart featuring health-care products would succeed. mainly UK a market, usually for buying and selling animals: The cows and sheep were taken to the auction mart in Penrith. mart Markt m <-(e)s, Märk·te>

Answer 158

lateral [ˈlӕtərəl] ♦ adjective of, at, to or from the side: lateral movement. جانبی ˈlaterally ♦ adverb . از پهلو lateral | BUSINESS ENGLISH lateral adjective [ before noun ] UK /ˈlætərəl/ US Add to word list related to the side of an object or to sideways movement: Designers added more storage space, with lateral expansion of the rear compartment. HR at the same level in an organization or between two different organizations: lateral move/movement Susan's lateral move to do the same job at a competitor meant better benefits and more pay. We've made a number of important lateral hires from quality firms. lat·er·al [ˈlætərəl, Am -t̬ɚəl] ADJ esp attr lateral seitlich lateral Seiten- lateral Neben- lateral forces Fliehkraft f <-, -kräfte> lateral thinking unorthodoxes Denken OpenDict-Eintrag lateral ADJ lateral view ARCHIT, MED Seitenansicht f lateral decubitus position Seitenlage f <-, -n> Deutsch Englisch Seitenairbag lateral [or side] airbag Seitenlinienorgan lateral-line organ Seitenkanal lateral [or side] canal Seitenbewegung lateral movement Antigentest lateral flow (antigen) test Schnelltest rapid lateral flow test Seitenlinie lateral line lateral crater lateral crater Nebenkrater lateral erosion lateral erosion Seiteneroison ablation moraine, lateral moraine ablation moraine Seitenmoräne lateral erosion SUBST lateral erosion Erosion an den Uferböschungen lateral root [ˌlætrəlˈruːt] SUBST lateral root Nebenwurzel lateral root Seitenwurzel lateral inhibition SUBST lateral inhibition laterale Inhibition Englisch Deutsch lateral lateral Zwischenraum lateral seitlicher lateral distribution lateral distribution Verteilung des Lateralabstands lateral distribution Verteilung des seitlichen Abstands lateral positioning lateral positioning seitliches Abstandsverhalten lateral clearance lateral clearance Zwischenraum lateral clearance seitlicher Abstand Deutsch Englisch Zwischenraum lateral Verteilung des Lateralabstands [o. seitlichen Abstands] lateral distribution seitlicher Abstand VSICH lateral clearance seitlicher Zwischenraum VSICH lateral clearance seitliches Abstandsverhalten VSICH lateral positioning

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efficacy noun [ U ] UK /ˈef.ɪ.kə.si/ US /ˈef.ə.kə.si/ Add to word list formal the ability of something to produce the intended result: The study is a serious attempt to understand the efficacy of cash incentives as a way of promoting learning. efficacy noun [ U ] US /ˈef·ɪ·kə·si/ Add to word list the quality of being effective; effectiveness: The drug's efficacy has been questioned by consumer advocates. efficacy Wirksamkeit f <->

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ubiquitous adjective formal or humorous UK /juːˈbɪk.wɪ.təs/ US /juːˈbɪk.wə.t̬əs/ Add to word list seeming to be everywhere: Leather is very much in fashion this season, as is the ubiquitous denim. The Swedes are not alone in finding their language under pressure from the ubiquitous spread of English. The mobile phone, that most ubiquitous of consumer-electronic appliances, is about to enter a new age. ubiqui·tous [ju:ˈbɪkwɪtəs, Am -wət̬əs] ADJ ubiquitous allgegenwärtig geh ubiquitous omnipräsent Deutsch Englisch ubiquitär (allgegenwärtig) geh ubiquitous allgegenwärtig ubiquitous form