Vocabulary (Chapter 3)

Question 1

The large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint; commonly known as the hip socket.

Answer 1

Acetabulum

Question 2

Originating within another.

Answer 2

Allogenic

Question 3

A form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae.

Answer 3

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 4

The surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder.

Answer 4

Arthrodesis

Question 5

The surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint.

Answer 5

Arthrolysis

Question 6

The visual examination of the internal structure of a joint.

Answer 6

Arthroscopy

Question 7

Originating within the individual.

Answer 7

Autologous

Question 8

A slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells.

Answer 8

Chondroma

Question 9

The abnormal softening of the cartilage.

Answer 9

Chondromalacia

Question 10

A fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed.

Answer 10

Comminuted fracture

Question 11

Occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself.

Answer 11

Compression fracture

Question 12

An inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum.

Answer 12

Costochondritis

Question 13

A malformation of the skull due to the premature closure of the cranial sutures.

Answer 13

Craniostenosis

Question 14

The crackling sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together.

Answer 14

Crepitation

Question 15

A low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips that measures bode density.

Answer 15

Dual x-ray absorptiomentry

Question 16

A bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrous (scarlike) tissue.

Answer 16

Fibrous dysplasia

Question 17

An abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe; also known as a bunion.

Answer 17

Hallux valgus

Question 18

Blood within a joint.

Answer 18

Hemarthrosis

Question 19

Pertaining to the formation of blood cells.

Answer 19

Hemopoietic

Question 20

A fracture treatment in which pins or a plate is placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place.

Answer 20

Internal fixation

Question 21

An autoimmune disorder that affects children of 16 years of age or younger with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue.

Answer 21

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Question 22

An abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side; also known as humpback or dowager’s hump.

Answer 22

Kyphosis

Question 23

The surgical removal of a lamina from a vertebra.

Answer 23

Laminectomy

Question 24

An abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine; also known as swayback.

Answer 24

Lordosis

Question 25

Pain in the lumbar region of the spine; also known as low back pain.

Answer 25

Lumbago

Question 26

The rounded bony protuberance on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint.

Answer 26

Malleoulus

Question 27

The bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum.

Answer 27

Manubrium

Question 28

The five bones that form the palms of the hand.

Answer 28

Metacarpals

Question 29

The bones that form the part of the foot to which the toes are attached.

Answer 29

Metatarsals

Question 30

A type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in the red bone marrow.

Answer 30

Myeloma

Question 31

A break in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin; also known as a compound fracture.

Answer 31

Open fracture

Question 32

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles; also known as an orthopedist.

Answer 32

Orthopedic surgeon

Question 33

A mechanical appliance such as a leg brace or splint that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function.

Answer 33

Orthotic

Question 34

Inflammation of bone

Answer 34

Osteitis (also spelled "ostitis")

Question 35

The type of arthritis characterized by the wearing away of the articular cartilage within the joints and most commonly associated with aging; also known as wear-and-tear arthritis.

Answer 35

Osteoarthritis

Question 36

A benign bony projection covered with cartilage.

Answer 36

Osteochondroma

Question 37

The surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity.

Answer 37

Osteoclasis

Question 38

Abnormal softening of bones in adults.

Answer 38

Osteomalacia

Question 39

Inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone.

Answer 39

Osteomyelitis

Question 40

The death of bone tissue resulting from insufficient blood supply to an area of bone.

Answer 40

Osteonecrosis

Question 41

The thinner-than-average bone density

Answer 41

Osteopenia

Question 42

A marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity frequently associated with aging.

Answer 42

Osteoporosis

Question 43

A broken bone usually caused by weakening of the bones due to osteoporosis and can occur either spontaneously or as the result of a fall.

Answer 43

Osteoporotic hip fracture

Question 44

Surgical suturing or wiring together of bones.

Answer 44

Osteorrhaphy

Question 45

A disease of unknown origin that is characterized by extensive breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation.

Answer 45

Paget's disease

Question 46

When a bone breaks under normal strain because the bone has weakened by osteoporosis or by a disease process such as cancer.

Answer 46

Pathologic fracture

Question 47

A minimally invasive procedure performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures of the spine.

Answer 47

Percutaneous vertebroplasty

Question 48

An inflammation of the periosteum.

Answer 48

Periostitis

Question 49

A specialist in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot.

Answer 49

Podiatrist

Question 50

A substitute for a diseased or missing body part, such as a leg that has been amputated.

Answer 50

Prosthesis

Question 51

A chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked.

Answer 51

Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 52

A deficiency disease occurring in children characterized by defective bone growth and caused by a lack of vitamin D.

Answer 52

Rickets

Question 53

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.

Answer 53

Scoliosis

Question 54

A congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy in which spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it.

Answer 54

Spinal bifida

Question 55

A fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart.

Answer 55

Spiral fracture

Question 56

The slipping forward of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it.

Answer 56

Spondylolisthesis

Question 57

A degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function; also known as spinal osteoarthritis.

Answer 57

Spondylosis

Question 58

The partial displacement of a bone from its joint.

Answer 58

Subluxation

Question 59

The surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint.

Answer 59

Synovectomy

Question 60

The bony structural units of the spinal column.

Answer 60

Vertebrae

Question 61

Means to come together (in reference to bones and joints) or to join together with.

Answer 61

Articulate

Question 62

Movement away from the midline of the body - as in joint movement. Movement towards the midline of the body - as in joint movement. Movement in a circular motion.

Answer 62

Abduction Adduction Circumduction

Question 63

Anything attached to a major part of the body.

Answer 63

Appendage | Appendicular - means referring to an appendage.

Question 64

Is the terminal end of a body part such as an arm or leg.

Answer 64

Extremity

Question 65

External opening of a canal.

Answer 65

Meatus

Question 66

Pertaining to the neck.

Answer 66

Cervical

Question 67

Relating to the part of the back and sides between the ribs and the pelvis.

Answer 67

Lumbar

Question 68

Breaking down or impairment of a body part.

Answer 68

Degenerative

Question 69

Foreign matter circulating in the blood that can become lodged and blocked the blood vessel.

Answer 69

Embolus

Question 70

Originating within another.

Answer 70

Allogenic

Question 71

Originating within an individual.

Answer 71

Autologous

Question 72

To move from place to place.

Answer 72

Ambulating