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AP World > Vocabulary c. 8,000BCE - 600CE > Flashcards

Vocabulary c. 8,000BCE - 600CE Flashcards

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AP® World History flashcards
1
Q

“Wisdom,” early collections of prayers and hymns that provide information about the Indo-European Aryans who migrated to India around 1500BCE

A

Vedas

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2
Q

A government ruled by God or by church leaders

A

Theocracy

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3
Q

A class of persons holding exceptional rank and privileges, especially the hereditary nobility

A

Aristocracy

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4
Q

A craftsman

A

Artisan

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5
Q

A cultural group with advanced cities, complex institutions, skilled workers, advanced technology, and a system of recordkeeping

A

Civilization

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6
Q

A document that made Christianity one of the religions allowed in the Roman Empire

A

Edict of Milan

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7
Q

A Greek city-state

A

Polis

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8
Q

A group of semi-nomadic people who, around 2000BCE began to migrate from central Asia to India, Europe, and the Middle East

A

Indo-Europeans

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9
Q

A member of the social class of priests in Aryan society

A

Brahmin

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10
Q

A Mesoamerica legend of a god who would someday return to rule his people in peace

A

Quetzalcoatl

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11
Q

A nomadic group believed to be from Central Asia, who invaded Europe near the end of Rome

A

Huns

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12
Q

A political system in which the people rule

A

Democracy

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13
Q

A seasonal wind

A

Monsoon

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14
Q

A series of rulers from the same family

A

Dynasty

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15
Q

A system of picture writing used in Egypt

A

Hieroglyphics

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16
Q

A system of writing originating in Mesopotamia in which a wedge-shaped stylus was used to press symbols into clay

A

Cuneiform

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17
Q

A term for hunting and gathering

A

Foraging

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18
Q

Agreement; in the Judeo-Christian heritage, an agreement between God and humankind

A

Covenant

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19
Q

An agricultural method in which farmers clear fields by cutting and burning trees, then use the ashes as fertilizer

A

Slash-and-burn cultivation

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20
Q

An Egyptian monarch

A

Pharaoh

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21
Q

An object made by human hands

A

Artifact

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22
Q

Animal bones or shells used by the Chinese priests to receive messages from the gods

A

Oracle Bones

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23
Q

Buddhist holy men who accumulated spiritual merits during their lifetime; Buddhists prayed to them in order to receive some of their holiness.

A

Bodhisattvas

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24
Q

Caravan routes and sea lanes between China and the Middle East

A

Silk Roads

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25
Q

Collection of teachings and sayings made by Confucius

A

Analects

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26
Q

The complicated system of subcastes in the Hindu caste system

A

Jati

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27
Q

Dry grassland

A

Steppe

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28
Q

During the Hellenistic age, religions that promised their faithful followers eternity a state of bliss

A

Mystery religion

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29
Q

God of the monotheistic religion of Judaism that influenced later religions of Christianity and Islam

A

Yahweh

30
Q

Greek philosopher who rejected the theory of forms and ideas, he believed that people could depend on their senses and reason to answer the mysteries of the world

A

Aristotle

31
Q

In ancient Chinese belief, the opposing forces that bring balance to nature and life

A

Yin & Yang

32
Q

In Buddhism, a state of perfect peace that is the goal of reincarnation

A

Nirvana

33
Q

In China, respect for one’s parents and other elders

A

Filial piety

34
Q

In Hindu belief, the spirit’s liberation from the cycle of reincarnation

A

Moksha

35
Q

In the Hindu tradition, the good or evil deeds done by a person

A

Karma

36
Q

Large landholdings in the Roman Empire

A

Latifundia

37
Q

Macedonian King who led an army eastward and conquered land from Greece to India. He was known as a brilliant military leader and his death marked the beginning of the Hellenistic Era

A

Alexander the Great

38
Q

Mesopotamian Temples

A

Ziggurat

39
Q

One of the 12 followers of Christ, or any of the professed followers of Christ in his lifetime

A

Disciple

40
Q

Persian religion based on the teaching of the 6th century BCE prophet Zarathustra; its emphasis on the duality of good and evil and on the role of individuals in determining their own fate would influence later religions

A

Zoroastrianism

41
Q

Pertaining to a social system in which the father is the head of the family

A

Patriarchal

42
Q

Rebirth; a belief of both Buddhism and Hinduism

A

Reincarnation

43
Q

Referring to a social system in which descent and inheritance are traced through the mother

A

Matrilineal

44
Q

The codification of Roman law during the Republic

A

Twelve tables

45
Q

The “will of gods” that granted a ruler the right to rule

A

Mandate of heaven

46
Q

The belief held by many before the Scientific Revolution that the earth is the center of the universe

A

Geocentric theory

47
Q

The belief in many gods

A

Polytheism

48
Q

The belief in one god

A

Monotheism

49
Q

The belief that spirits inhabit the features of nature

A

Animism

50
Q

The Central Nomadic people who invaded China in the ancient world

A

Hsiung-nu

51
Q

The custom among the higher castes of Hinduism of a widow throwing herself on the burning funeral pyre of her husband

A

Sati

52
Q

The division of labor that aids the development of skills in a particular type of work

A

Specialization of labor

53
Q

The era in which Greek culture blended with Persian and other Eastern influences and spread throughout the former empire of Alexander the Great

A

Hellenistic age

54
Q

The exile of an ethnic or racial group from their homeland

A

Diaspora

55
Q

The first five books of the Jewish scripture

A

Torah

56
Q

The head of the Roman Catholic Church

A

Pope

57
Q

The Hindu word for caste

A

Varna

58
Q

The idea that ancient civilizations were able to achieve characteristics of civilization without contact

A

Independent invention

59
Q

The introduction of agriculture, domestication of animals, and a more sedentary life during the Neolithic Age

A

Neolithic Revolution

60
Q

The moral law of the Hebrews

A

Ten Commandments

61
Q

The most popular Hellenistic philosophy; it involved strict discipline and an emphasis on helping others

A

Stoicism

62
Q

The New Stone Age that was marked by the discovery and mastery of agriculture

A

Neolithic Age

63
Q

The pattern of temperature and precipitation over a period of time

A

Climate

64
Q

The portion of the Christian Bible that contains the Gospels that relate the account of the life of Jesus; letters from the followers of Jesus to the early Christian churches and the book of Revelation, a prophetic text

A

New Testament

65
Q

The position in the Hindu caste system that was determined by one’s birth

A

Dharma

66
Q

The practice of herding

A

Pastoralism

67
Q

The religious term for “any expected deliverer”

A

Messiah

68
Q

The Roman Peace; the period of prosperity and stability throughout the Roman Empire in the first two centuries CE

A

Pax Romana

69
Q

The social division in Hindu society that fell in rank below the caste system; it was occupied by those who carried out undesirable occupations such as undertaking, butchering, and waste collection

A

Untouchables

70
Q

The transition from foraging to the cultivation of food occurring about 8000 - 2000BCE; also known as the Neolithic revolution

A

Agricultural Revolution

71
Q

The transmission of ideas and products from one culture to another

A

Cultural diffusion

AP World (6 decks)

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