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AP World > Vocabulary 600CE - 1450CE > Flashcards

Vocabulary 600CE - 1450CE Flashcards

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AP® World History flashcards
1
Q

A black stone or meteorite that became the most revered shrine in Arabia before the introduction of Islam; situated in Mecca, it later was incorporated in the Islamic faith

A

Ka’aba

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2
Q

A blend of two or more cultures or cultural traditions

A

Syncretism

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3
Q

A branch of languages originating in Oceania

A

Austronesian

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4
Q

A collection of the sayings and deeds of Mohammed

A

Hadith

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5
Q

A document written in England in 1215 that granted certain rights to nobles; later these rights came to be extended to all classes

A

Magna Carta

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6
Q

A household of wives and concubines in the Middle East, Africa, or Asia

A

Harem

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7
Q

A Japanese feudal lord in charge of an army of samurai

A

Daimyo

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8
Q

A knight’s code of honor in medieval Europe

A

Chivalry

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9
Q

A labor system used by Andean societies in which community member shared work owed to rulers and the religious community

A

Mita

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10
Q

A member of a Polynesian group that settled in New Zealand about 800CE

A

Maori

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11
Q

A military government established in Japan after the Gempei Wars; the emperor became a figurehead while real power was concentrated in the military, including the samurai

A

Bakufu

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12
Q

A Mongol ruler

A

Khan

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13
Q

A navigational instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the position of the stars

A

Astrolabe

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14
Q

A peasant who is bound to the land he or she works

A

Serf

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15
Q

A philosophy that blended Confucianism and Buddhist thought

A

Neo-Confucianism

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16
Q

A political, economic, and social system based on the relationship between lord and vassal in order to provide protection

A

Feudalism

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17
Q

A representative assembly, most notably in England

A

Parliament

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18
Q

A ritualistic bow practiced in the Chinese court

A

Kowtow

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19
Q

A small, easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations

A

Caravel

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20
Q

A society that is based on the authority of kinship groups rather than on a central government

A

Stateless society

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21
Q

A system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for keeping records

A

Quipus

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22
Q

A system of self-sufficient estates that arose in medieval Europe

A

Manorialism

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23
Q

A tax, comprising percentages of personal income of every kind, levied as almsgiving for the relief of the poor: the third of the Pillars of Islam

A

Zakat

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24
Q

A term applied by Islamic governments to Muslims, Christians, and Jews in reference to the fact that all three religions had a holy book

A

People of the book

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25
Q

A tower attached to a mosque from which Muslims are called to worship

A

Minaret

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26
Q

A triangular sail attached to a short mast

A

Lateen sails

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27
Q

Age groups into which children were placed in Bantu Societies of early sub-Saharan Africa; children within these groups were given responsibilities and privileges suitable for their age and in this manner were prepared for adult responsibilities

A

Age Grades

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28
Q

An ancient Chinese counting device that used rods on which were mounted movable counters

A

Abacus

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29
Q

An ancient Shinto ritual still performed in the traditional Japanese capital of Kyoto

A

Tea ceremony

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30
Q

An Andean society also known as the Inca

A

Quechua

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31
Q

An artistic technique commonly used in Renaissance painting that gave a three-dimensional appearance to works of art

A

Perspective

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32
Q

An Islamic ruler

A

Sultan

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33
Q

The architecture of twelfth-century Europe, featuring stained-glass windows, flying buttresses, tall spires, and pointed arches

A

Gothic architecture

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34
Q

Artwork first seen in Muslim lands; a type of curvilinear decoration in painting, metalwork, etc., with intricate intertwining leaf, flower, animal, or geometrical designs

A

Arabesque

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35
Q

Aztec clans that supplied labor and warriors to leaders

A

Calpulli

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36
Q

A central American society that was centered around the city of Tula

A

Toltecs

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37
Q

Chinese dynasty founded by Hongwu and known for its cultural brilliance

A

Ming Dynasty

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38
Q

Chinese dynasty that was founded by the Mongolian ruler Kublai Khan

A

Yuan dynasty

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39
Q

Chinese porcelain that has a pale, green, translucent green

A

Celadon

40
Q

First society people located in central North America

A

Mississippians

41
Q

Five practices required of Muslim; faith, prayer, almsgiving, fasting, and pilgrimage

A

Five Pillars

42
Q

In China, a method of breaking and binding women’s feet; seen as a sign of beauty and social position; this confined women to the household

A

Foot binding

43
Q

In Incan society, a clan or community that worked together on projects required by the ruler

A

Ayllus

44
Q

In Incan society, descent through both the father and mother

A

Parallel descent

45
Q

In medieval Europe, a grant of land given in exchange for military or other services

A

Fief

46
Q

In medieval Europe, a grant of land or other privileges to a vassal

A

Benefice

47
Q

In medieval Europe, a person who pledged military or other services to a lord in exchange for a gift of land or other privileges

A

Vassal

48
Q

Islamic holy war

A

Jihad

49
Q

Large Chinese sailing ships specially designed for long-distance travel during the Tang and Song Dynasties

A

Junks

50
Q

Letters of credit issued in place of coins

A

Flying money

51
Q

Military leader under the Bakufu

A

Shogun

52
Q

Muslims who attempt to reach Allah through mysticism

A

Sufis

53
Q

Name given to a group of sub-Saharan African peoples who migrations altered the society of sub-Saharan Africa

A

Bantu-speaking peoples

54
Q

One who submits; a follower of Islam

A

Muslim

55
Q

Pertaining to the middle ages of European history

A

Medieval

56
Q

Platforms of twisted vines and mud that served the Aztecs as floating gardens and extended their agricultural land

A

Chinampas

57
Q

Pre-Incan South American society that fell to the Incas in the 15th century

A

Chimor

58
Q

Regional military leaders in Japan who ruled small kingdoms from fortresses

A

Bushi

59
Q

Southeast Asian sailors who traveled the Indian Ocean; by 500CE they had colonized Madagascar, introducing the cultivation of the banana

A

Malay sailors

60
Q

Storytellers of sub-Saharan Africa who carried on oral traditions and histories

A

Griots

61
Q

The term applied to the rich agricultural lands of the Yangtze River valley under the Zhou dynasty

A

Middle Kingdom

62
Q

The “divine wind” credited by the Japanese with preventing the Mongol invasion of Japan during the thirteenth century

A

Kamikaze

63
Q

The 732 battle that halted the advance of Muslim armies into Europe at a point in northern France

A

Battle of Tours

64
Q

The authority claimed by monarchs to appoint church officials

A

Investiture

65
Q

The body of law that governs Muslim society

A

Shariah

66
Q

The branch of Islam that holds that the leader of Islam must be a descendant of Muhammed’s family

A

Shi’ite

67
Q

The branch of Islam that believes that the Muslim community should select its leaders; this was the largest branch of Islam

A

Sunni

68
Q

The chief Muslim political and religious leader

A

Caliph

69
Q

The Chinese class of well-educated men from whom many bureaucrats were chosen

A

Scholar-gentry

70
Q

The code of honor of the samurai in Japan

A

Bushido

71
Q

The community of Muslim believers

A

Umma

72
Q

The curved metal plate in a plow that turns over an earth from the furrow

A

Moldboard plow

73
Q

The European name for the outbreak of the bubonic plague that spread across Asia, Europe, and North Africa in the fourteenth century

A

Black death

74
Q

The flight of Muhammed from Mecca to Medina, the first year in the Muslim calendar

A

Hijah

75
Q

The god of Muslims; Arabic word for “god”

A

Allah

76
Q

The head of the Eastern Orthodox Church

A

Metropolitan

77
Q

The holy book of Islam

A

Quran

78
Q

The holy month of Islam which commemorates the appearance of the angel Gabriel to Muhammed; fasting is required during this month

A

Ramadan

79
Q

The house of Islam; a term representing the political and religious unity of the various Islamic groups

A

Dar al-Islam

80
Q

The house of worship of followers of Islam

A

Mosque

81
Q

The Japanese practice of ritual suicide

A

Seppuku

82
Q

The military class of feudal Japan

A

Samurai

83
Q

The name given to the pueblo-dwelling natives in the southwest North American continent

A

Anasazi

84
Q

The name given to themselves by the Aztec people

A

Mexica

85
Q

The payment of a tax in the form of goods and labor by subject peoples

A

Tribute

86
Q

The period from about 1250 to 1350 in which the Mongols ensured the safety of Eurasian trade and travel

A

Mongol Peace (Pax Mongolica)

87
Q

The period of European history traditionally given as 500 to 1500

A

Middle ages

88
Q

The pilgrimage to the Ka’aba in Mecca required once of every Muslim who was not limited by health or financial restrictions

A

Hajj

89
Q

The practice of the Roman Catholic and other Christian churches of prohibiting participation in the sacraments to those who do not comply with the church teachings or practices

A

Excommunication

90
Q

The revival of learning in Europe beginning about 1300 and continuing to about 1600

A

Renaissance

91
Q

The rule of shoguns

A

Shogunate

92
Q

The ruler of the Quechua people of the west coast of South America; the term is also applied to the Quechua people as a whole

A

Inca

93
Q

The skill of political survival and dominance in the world of steppe nomads; it involved the knowledge of tribal and clan structure and often used assassinations to accomplish its goals

A

Steppe diplomacy

94
Q

The traditional Japanese religion based on veneration of ancestors and spirits of nature

A

Shinto

95
Q

The various American tribes who, in prehistoric and early historic times, erected the burial mounds and other earthworks of the Mississippi drainage basin and the southeastern United States

A

Moundbuilders

96
Q

Turkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries; they founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to the early sixteenth centuries

A

Mamluks

97
Q

Wars in Japan that pitted the Samurai against the peasants

A

Gempei Wars

AP World (6 decks)

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