Vocabulary (A's) Flashcards by Brittaney Wood

Antemortem injuries resulting from friction of the skin against a firm object resulting in the removal of the epidermis.

Abrasion

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A localized accumulation of pus.

Abscess

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The process of taking in, as a colored object which absorbs certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color (e.g. An apple is called red if the red rays are reflected and the other rays in the light are absorbed.)

Absorption

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To touch or contract as with the tarsal plates of the closed eyelids.

Abut

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Group of chemicals used in addition to vascular (arterial) and Cavity embalming fluids; includes but is not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack application agents.

Accessory Chemical

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dimethylketone; a colorless liquid which is used to soften and remove scabs; a solvent for restorative wax, or a stain removers.

Acetone

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Presents itself after birth

Acquired

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A specific group of diseases or conditions which are indicative of severe immunosuppression related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (MV); persons dead having and AIDS may exhibit conditions such as wasting syndrome, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and Kaposi’s sarcoma.

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome aka AIDS

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These levels are established to ensure adequate protection of employees at exposures below the OSHA limits, but to minimized the compliance burdens for employers whose employees have exposure below the 8 hour permissible exposure limit (PEL) The AL for formaldehyde is 0.5 ppm.

Action Level aka AL-Exposure Limits

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Occurs when the arterial supply to an area of the the body is increased.

Active Capillary Congestion

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Dyes which aid in restoring a life-like surface pigmentation to a body and also stain the body tissue cells.

Active Dyes aka Staining Dyes aka Cosmetic Dyes

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That pressure which is indicated by the injector gauge needle when the arterial tube is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body.

Actual Pressure

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A disease with a more or less rapid onset and short duration.

Acute

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Soft whitish crumbly or greasy material that forms upon the postmortem hydrolysis and hydrogenation of body fats.

Adipocere aka Grave Wax

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Disease resulting from a deficiency in the secretion of adrenocortical hormones, with “bronze” discoloration of the skin and electrolyte imbalances.

Addison’s Disease

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Assimilation of gas, vapor, or dissolved matter by the surface of a solid or liquid.

Adsorption

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In the presence free of oxygen.

Aerobic

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Colloidal solution dispensed as a mist.

Aerosol

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The disperse as an aerosol; minute particles of blood and water become atomized and suspended in air when water under pressure meets the blood drainage or when flushing an uncovered flush sink.

Aerosolization

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Intravascular: the increase of viscosity of blood brought about by the clumping of particulate formed elements in the blood vessels which is a specific type of congealing.

Aggulination aka Congealing

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Decrease in body temperature immediately before death.

Agonal Algor

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A process which is the result of capillary permeability changes, where the bacteria from the intestinal area of the body migrate to the blood vascular system and is spread throughout the body.

Agonal Bacterial Migration

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In reference to blood, a change from a fluid into a thickened mass.

Agonal Coagulation

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The loss of moisture from the living body during the agonal state.

Agonal Edema

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An outpouring of lymph into the peritoneal cavity.

Agonal Exudation

Increase in body temperature immediately before death.

Agonal Fever

An invagination of an upper segment of intestine within a lower segment.

Agonal Intussusception

Period immediately before somatic death.

Agonal Period

The period immediately proceding or prior to death.

Agonal State

A method of creating injection pressure with air forced under pressure into a fluid chamber that displaces the arterial solution by pushing it into the arterial system of the body.

Air Pressure Apparatus

A protein found in blood plasma.

Albumin

An abnormally excessive amount of albumin in the urine.

Albuminuria

An organic compound containing one or more hydorxyl (-OH) groups. The general formula for a monohydroxy alcohol is R-OH, where R is a hydrocarbon group.

Alcohol

An organic compound containing one or more -CHO groups the general formula is R-CHO, where R is a hydrocarbon group or hydrogen.

Aldehyde

Post-mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature.

Algor Mortis

Method of injection-drainage in which embalming solution is injected and then injection is stopped while drainage is open which is a type of restricted drainage.

Alternate Drainage

An organization of professional personnel in governmental agencies or educational institutions who are employed in occupational safety and health programs.

American Congress of Governmental Industrial Hygienists aka ACGIH

An organic compound containing nitrogen; any compounds formed from ammonia by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by organic radicals. The general formula for primary amines is R-NH2.

Amine

Building blocks of which proteins are constructed, and the end products of protein digestion or hydrolysis. Their basic formula is NH2-CHR-COOH an amino group, an alpha carbon, any aliphatic or aromatic radical, and a carboxyl group.

Amino Acid

Ammonia is injected hypodermically into the skin and if a reddish reaction occurs the body is still alive. This is a non expert test for death.

Ammonia Injection Test

In the absence of free oxygen.

Anaerobic

Severe generalized edema.

Anasarca

A descriptive reference for locating arteries and veins by means if anatomical structure which are known.

Anatomical Guide

Points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures; used to designate the boundaries of arteries.

Anatomical Limits

The body is erect, feet together, palms facing forward, and thumbs are pointed away from the body.

Anatomical Position

A decrease in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin or both.

Anemia

Localized abnormal dilation of out-pocketing of a blood vessel resulting from a congenital defect or a weakness of the vessel wall.

Aneurysm

An embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and in raising vessels.

Aneurysm Hook

An embalming instrument that is used for blunt dissection and in raising vessels, which has an eye in the hook portion of the instrument for placing ligatures around the vessels.

Aneurysm Needle

An instrument which is used for cutting bandages and/or clothing off the deceased.

Angular Bandage Scissors

A multipurpose instrument used in the embalming process.

Angular Spring Forceps

An embalming instrument which has multiple uses, especially in helping remove blood from the veins.

Angular Vein Forceps

Deviation from the normal.

Anomalies

In front of the elbow/in the bend of the elbow.

Antecubital

Before death.

Antemortem

Toward the front.

The external opening of the nostril.

Anterior Nares

A bony protuberance, that can be palpated topographically, found on the illum, the superior, broad portion of the hipbone; the origin of the injuinal ligament and the sartorius muscle.

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

Glycoprotein substances developed by the body in response to, and interacting specifically with an antigen.

Antibody aka Immunoglobulin

Ingredient of embalming fluids that retard the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous or prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals.

Anticoagulant Fluid

A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that react specifically with it.

Antigen

A non-toxic disinfectant suitable for the use on animal tissue.

Antiseptic

The prevention or inhibiting of the growth of causative microorganisms.

Antisepsis

Opening.

Aperture

Death brought about a cessation of respiration or improper functioning of the respiratory apparatus; one of three modes of death described by Bichat.

Apnea

Condition in which the manifestations of life are feebly maintained.

Apparent Death

A solution in which water is the solvent.

Aqueous Solution

Uneven heartbeat

Arrhythmia

The concentrated, preservation, embalming chemical that will be diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming. The purpose is for inactivating saprophytic bacteria and rendering the body tissues less susceptible to decomposition.

Arterial Fluid aka Vascular Fluid

The mixture of arterial (vascular) fluid and water which is used for the arterial injection and may include supplemental fluids.

Arterial Solution

A tube used to inject embalming fluid into the body vascular system

Arterial Tube aka Cannula

The term applied to a number of pathological conditions causing a thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries.

Arteriosclerosis

An embalming instrument whose purpose is to hold arterial tubes in the arteries (2 hole or 3 hole clamp).

Arterial Fixation Forceps

An embalming instrument used for cutting arteries and veins to enable insertion of the arterial tubes into the arteries and drain tubes into the veins.

Artery and Vein Scissors

Place of union between two or more bones.

Articulation

The movement of blood from the heart and arteries into the capillaries and veins, which occurs at the moment of death.

Articulo-Mortis

Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.

Ascites

Freedom from infection and from any form of life; sterility .

Asepsis

Insufficient intake of oxygen resulting from numerous causes.

Asphyxia

Withdrawal of gas, fluids, and semi-solids from body cavities and hollow viscera by means of suction with an aspirator and a trocar.

Aspiration

Indicates a weakness or feebleness of any organ or function.

Asthenia

Fatty degeneration or thickening of the walls of the larger arteries occurring in atherosclerosis.

Atheroma

A form of arteriosclerosis marked by the deposition of lipids in the inner layer of arterial walls.

Atherosclerosis

A wasting, decrease in size of an organ or tissue.

Atrophy

Apparatus used for sterilization by steam pressure, usually at 250 F/ 120 C for a specific time.

Autoclave

Self-destruction of cells; decomposition of all tissues by enzymes of their own formation without microbial assistance.

Autolysis

The body's own digestive enzymes that are capable of destroying body cells (autolytic decomposition).

Autolytic Enzyme

A postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition.

Autopsy aka Necropsy aka Postmortem Examination

Nine Regions separated by imaginary planes - two horizontal and two vertical Right Hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left Hypochondriac Right Lateral, Umbilical, Left Lateral Right Inguinal, Pubic, Left Inguinal Four Regions separated by two imaginary planes, one horizontal and one vertical. Upper Right Quadrant, Upper Left Quadrant, Lower Right Quadrant, lower Left Quadrant

Abdominal Anatomical Regions