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APHUG Vocab > Vocab Unit 7 > Flashcards

Vocab Unit 7 Flashcards

1
Q

The process of using machines and large-scale processes to convert raw materials into manufactured goods

A

Industry

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2
Q

the basic substances such as materials and crops needed manufacture finished goods

A

Raw materials

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3
Q

A place where products are sold

A

Market

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4
Q

Small, home based businesses that make goods

A

Cottage industry

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5
Q

A series of technological advances that resulted in more complex machinery using water or steam power, faster at producing than cottage industries

A

Industrial revolution

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6
Q

Highly industrialized area that stretched across midlatitudes of the Northern Hemisphere

A

Industrial belt

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7
Q

The process of decreasing reliance on manufacturing jobs

A

Deindustrialize

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8
Q

Regions with large numbers of closed factories

A

Rust belt

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9
Q

Focused on extracting natural resources from the earth; farming, mining, fishing, forestry

A

Primary sector

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10
Q

Focused on making products from natural resources; manufacturing, building

A

Secondary sector

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11
Q

Focused on providing information and services to people; retail sales, medicine, housekeeping

A

Tertiary sector

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12
Q

Focused on managing and processing information; financial analysis, software development, data science

A

Quaternary sector

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13
Q

Focused on creating information and making high-level decisions; research, top managers in corporations or government

A

Quinary sector

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14
Q

The potential of a job to produce additional jobs

A

Multiplier effect

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15
Q

Factory owners would place their factories in areas where they can minimize total cost by balancing transportation costs, labor costs, and agglomeration economies

A

Least cost theory

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16
Q

The spatial grouping of several businesses to share costs

A

Agglomeration economies

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17
Q

Demonstrates Weber’s model; the three points are the market for a good and two resources needed to make the good

A

Locational triangle

18
Q

Some raw materials lose bulk during processing, such as copper ore

A

Bulk-reducing industries

19
Q

Some products gain weight during processing, such as soft drinks

A

Bulk-gaining industries

20
Q

Highly dependent on a workforce and will want to be near a source of those workers

A

Labor-oriented industry

21
Q

The procedure of transferring cargo from one mode of transpiration to another

A

Break of bulk

22
Q

The system in which goods are loaded into a standardized shipping unit

A

Containerization

23
Q

Containers can be carried on a truck, train, ship, or plane

A

Intermodal

24
Q

Because locational demands are minimal, companies can pack up and leave to a new location quickly and easily

A

Footloose

25
Q

Spaces located at the tops of skyscrapers for a company’s executives designed to impress customers

A

Front offices

26
Q

Less expensive office spaces for a company’s employees

A

Back offices

27
Q

The dollar amount of all goods and services produced by a country’s citizens in one year; used interchangeably with GNI

A

Gross national product

28
Q

The dollar amount of all goods and services produced by a country’s citizens in one year; used interchangeably with GNP

A

Gross national income

29
Q

The dollar amount of all goods and services within a country in one year

A

Gross domestic product

30
Q

Migrant workers sending money back to their families in their home country

A

Remittances

31
Q

Output is divided by population which produces an amount per person

A

Per capita

32
Q

A measure of what similar goods cost in different countries

A

Purchasing power parity

33
Q

The portion of the economy that is monitored by the government

A

Formal sector

34
Q

The portion of the economy not monitored by the government

A

Informal sector

35
Q

Measure of the distribution of income within a population

A

Gini coefficient

36
Q

The number of years a person is expected to live

A

Life expectancy

37
Q

The percentage of a population that can read and write

A

Literacy rate

38
Q

Differences in the privileges afforded to males and females in a society

A

Gender gap

39
Q

A composite measure of several factors indicating gender disparity

A

Gender inequality index

40
Q

Combines one economic measure with three social measures

A

Human development index

41
Q

Programs enacted by international non-profit agencies

A

Non-governmental organization

42
Q

provides loans to start or expand a buisness

A

Microcredit

APHUG Vocab (6 decks)

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